design and construction - dimensions of the object
WRITING
13. Imagine you are an architect and you are going to design a building, a bridge, a sky-scraper, etc. What should be done to avoid engineering or design disaster? Write a short paragraph (60-80 words) to express your point of view. You may use words and word combinations in the box:
- design and construction - dimensions of the object
- analysis of the design - moveable structure
- detailed structural analysis - substandard design
- draw a diagram - collapse
- scientific calculations - mechanical properties
GRAMMAR IN USE
These tasks can help you to practise the Past Simple Passive (See Appendix 1 p. 228 – 230) and do the following exercises.
14. In the following sentences underline the verbs and define the voice (Active / Passive).
1. Strain was defined as the amount of distortion (extension or compression) that takes place per unit of length.
2. Stabilityis the ability to resist changes in shape and size over time.
3. Force caused material to become stressed.
4. Geothermal energy was produced below the earth's surface.
5. The main sources of greenhouse gas emissions include fossil fuel generating by plants and transportation vehicles.
6. Manufacturers chose plastic containers for many different reasons.
7. Oil was formed in underground rocks millions of years ago.
15. Transform the sentences from the Active into Passive Voice, as in the example.
Example: Romans cremated Julius Caesar’s body 2,000 years ago.
Julius Caesar’s body was cremated 2,000 years ago.
1. Primitive man found metals free in nature.
2. They changed the shape of material by rolling.
3. Someone warped this wooden thing.
4. If someone mixed tin with copper the resulting substance would be harder.
5. The Egyptians and Assyrians made some use of iron a number of centuries before our era.
6. Scientists developed methods for separating iron from its ores in reasonably large quantities and at fairly low cost.
7. They deformed cold plastic by bending.
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