Direct blood transfusion – прямое переливание крови

massive blood transfusion – массивное переливание крови

stream blood transfusion – струйное переливание крови

drip transfusion / transfusion in the drip / drop by drop administration of blood – капельное переливание крови

indications (contraindications) for blood transfusion – показания (противопоказания) для переливания крови

reaction in blood transfusion – реакция на переливание крови

hemolytic transfusion reaction – гемотрансфузионная реакция

blood transfusion station (department) – станция (отделение) переливания крови

1. life giver дарующая жизнь

2. to die [dai] v умирать

3. to need [ni.-d] v нуждаться

4. kidney fkidnd] n почка

5. to operate ['эрэгей] v действовать

6. free of charge [tfa:(^] бесплатно

7. to donate [dataeit] v сдавать кровь

 

BLOOD is the liquid tissue circulating in blood system of vertebrate animals and the person. It consists of plasma and Blood Products (white cells,red cells, platelets, etc.).

Hemoglobin contained in red cells gives it red color. Blood is characterized by a relative constancy of a chemical compound, osmotic pressure and active reaction (рН).

Blood transfers oxygen from respiratory tract to tissues and carbonic acid from tissues to respiratory tract, delivers nutrients from digestion organs to tissues, and products of an exchange to organs of secretion, participates in regulation of a aqueous-salt exchange and - acidly -alkaline balance in an organism, in maintenance of a constant body temperature.

Due to presence in blood of antibodies and antitoxins, and also abilities of leukocytes to absorb microorganisms and alien bodies blood carries out protective function.

A person has on the average 5,2 l of blood (men) and 3,9 l (women).

1 мм3 of blood contains 3,9-5,0 million of red cells, 4-9 thousand of leukocytes, 180-320 thousand of platelets,; hemoglobin approximately. 13-16 г in 100 ml.

 

 

Blood is called the 'life giver". Often people die² without blood transfusion.

More and more blood is needed³ these days. It takes 5 litres of blood for heart or kidney⁴ operations.

A special Blood Service operates⁵ in Moscow. Thousands of people give their blood

free of charged⁶. Donating⁷ blood is popular with students, espe­cially in the medical schools and medical institutes. Large Moscow factories have Donor Days.

Dialogues

- Oh, your nose is bleeding! What have you done to it?

- Nothing! I am subject' toil. I think it must be the heat². Sometimes it starts bleeding while³.1 am walking along the street, and it is very unpleasant⁴.

- A little cold water on the back of your neck may stop it. Be careful, or the blood may drop on your dress.

- Oh, it's bleeding profusely⁵. My handkerchief⁶ is quite soaked⁷ with blood.

-1 think it will wash out. Blood stains⁸ wash out if the blood is not allowed to dry You must see a doctor. You can stop the symptoms but you don't cure the cause of them. The illness may become serious

Приложение № 5

Тренировка в употреблении лексики.

 

Применение нового учебного материала

 

Exercises.

 

1 Answer the questions.

 

1. What is blood?

2. What does blood consist of?

3. What colour is blood and why?

4. Wat are the functions of blood?

5. How many litres of blood has a man (woman)?

6. Who is blood-donor? (person who gives blood for transfusion.)

7. Why is blood transfusion so important?

(It helps to replace blood loss, to combat anemia)

. 2. Give Russian equivalents:

1. Hemoglobin contained in red cells gives it red color.

2..Blood transfers oxygen from respiratory tract to tissues and carbonic acid from tissues to respiratory tract

3.Due to presence in blood of antibodies and antitoxins, and also abilities of leukocytes to absorb microorganisms and alien bodies blood carries out protective function.

4.It takes 5 litres of blood for heart or kidney⁴ operations.

to replace blood loss – возместить кровопотерю

to combat anemia – бороться с анемией

unpaid donorship – безвозмездное донорство

donorship of relations / relatives – донорство родственников

3.Translate into English.

 

КРОВЬ, жидкая ткань, циркулирующая в кровеносной системе позвоночных жи­вотных и человека. Состоит из плазмы и форменных элементов (эритроциты, лейкоциты, тромбоциты и др.).

Красный цвет крови придаёт гемоглобин, содержащийся в эритроцитах. Кровь характеризуется относительным посто­янством химического состава, осмотиче­ского давления и активной реакции (рН).

Переносит кислород от органов дыхания к тканям и углекислый газ от тканей к органам дыхания, доставляет питательные вещества из органов пище­варения к тканям, а продукты обмена к органам выделения, участвует в регу­ляции водно-солевого обмена и кислот­но-щелочного равновесия в организме, в поддержании постоянной температу­ры тела. Благодаря наличию в крови ан­тител, антитоксинов и лизинов, а так­же способности лейкоцитов поглощать микроорганизмы и инородные тела кровь выполняет защитную функцию. У человека в среднем 5,2 л крови (у муж­чин) и 3,9 л (у женщин). В 1 мм³ крови 3,9-5,0 млн. эритроцитов, 4-9 тыс. лейкоцитов, 180-320 тыс. тромбоцитов; гемоглобина ок. 13-16 г в 100 мл.

 

Приложение № 6

Заключение и задание на дом

 

1) Подведение итогов: Summing up: Can somebody sum up what has been said? (Summarise what you have found out). In conclusion, I would say that …(I would go over some mistakes: there were some mistakes in your pronunciation, you mispronounced the ward “…”. Listen to the correct pronunciation. You’ve got the stress wrong. The stress is on the second syllable. Be careful with your intonation. Your intonation wasn’t quite write. Listen to the way my voice goes up. You try and do the same. Drop(Raise) your voice at the end of the sentence. You must read loudly enough for everyone to hear you.

2)Задание на дом. Setting homework: Before we finish, I’d like to ask you to do something at home for the next lesson. Please write down your homework. For homework I want you to go over what we’ve just learnt. Learn all the new words. There will be a test on it in the next lesson. As for the text tell me as much as you can about Common Symptoms. I’m afraid it’s time to stop. You can put your things away. It’s time for us to have a break. Goodbye, everyone.

 

8)Литература: Козырева Л. Г, Шадская Т. В. «Английский язык для медицинских колледжей и училищ»,Аванесьянц Э. М., Кахацкая Н. В, Мифтахова Т. В. «Английский язык для старших курсов», Тылкина С. А., Темчина Н. А. «Пособие по английскому языку для медицинских училищ»