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XV. 1. Read Text B. 2. Determine the meaning of the words in bold type from the context. 3. Say about what Pasteur spoke in his lecture. 4. What conclusion have you come to having read the text?
Содержание книги
- X. 1. Прочтите текст А. 2. Найдите предложения, в которых употребляется одно из времен группы Perfect Continuous, переведите их.
- Dullness, enlargement, intensity, improvement, clearly, moisture, poisonous, smoothly, thinnish, useless, preventive, severely, indication.
- X. Read and translate Text D using a dictionary,
- Симптомы, характерные для первичного туберкулеза; в пораженном легком; клинические проявления; положительная проба; уплотнение легочной ткани; первичный туберкулез; перкуторный звук.
- Summarize the essence of the second paragraph.
- Какими глаголами выражено сказуемое в этих предложениях и что нового вы заметили в конструкции сложного дополнения.
- У некоторых больных, состоящих на учете, были выявлены неблагоприятные изменения в печени. 6. Все больные с подозрением на рак должны проходить последующие обследования регулярно.
- XIV. 1. Read Text D. 2. Entitle it. 3. What data important for a future doctor does it contain? 4. Put questions.
- При наличии этих нарушений, порок сердца, выявление сердечных шумов.
- XV. Read Text F. Which of the described methods have you got interested in?
- Внешние признаки, профилактические меры, умственное перенапряжение, крепкий сон.
- Сейчас этот больной страдает от острой боли в области сердца.
- В сочетании с, в большинстве случаев, в молодом возрасте, под влиянием внешних и внутренних раздражителей, способствовать началу появления язв, никаких характерных клинических проявлений.
- Exacerbation of duodenal ulcers is known to occur in spring and autumn. 2. Renal and splenic infarctions are likely to occur in endocarditis.
- The physician observed the patient’s appetite have been gradually improving since the administration of the adequate preparation.
- XVI. 1. Read Text D. 2. Entitle it. 3. Characterize the pain in this disease.
- To affect, to cause, to decrease, acute, slight, damage, to rise, to perforate, to spread, to enlarge, permanent.
- I. The patient’s condition better, he was allowed to sit up. 2. The procedure over, the nurse left the ward. 3. The surgeon out, I could not talk to him.
- I. Напишите известные вам сочетания слов blood и heart с другими
- Dryness in the mouth, vomiting, nausea, and constipation are the characteristic clinical manifestations of the disease.
- The blood analysis revealed serum bilirubin to be at the level of
- The incidence of gastric cancer: common; women; highest incidence; age; malignant course; young persons; the duration of the disease.
- What diseases may be accompanied by jaundice?
- Д ) if he had taken this drug yesterday, he would have felt an immediate relief. Если бы он принял это лекарство вчера, он почувствовал бы немедленное облегчение.
- Образуйте новые слова при помощи префиксов и переведите их : sub-: cutaneous, cortical, febrile, serous, sternal, mucous; in-: sufficient, direct, active, adequate, digestion, complete.
- XV. 1. Read Text B. 2. Determine the meaning of the words in bold type from the context. 3. Say about what Pasteur spoke in his lecture. 4. What conclusion have you come to having read the text?
- На вашем месте Я назначил бы больному повторный анализ.
- The patient was recommended to follow the treatment for another week lest chills and backache should recur.
- What is sepsis? 9. What analysis is performed to confirm the evidence of diphtheria? 10. What is a severe case of diphtheria characterized by?
- According to the State system of Public Health numerous sanatoriums and rest houses provide our population with qualified medical aid.
- Text B. Medical Service in the USA
- For their heroic deeds about 100,000 medical workers were given Goverment awards. 47 of them became the heroes of the Soviet Union.
- There is no task more important nowadays than the preservation of peace on Earth.
- Измененные - p.p. образует прич. оборот.
- Урок 29. I. бессонный; беззаботный; беспомощный; бездомный; безжизненный; безболезненный; безнадежный; беспокойный.
- Урок 38. IV. 1. the patient to have; 2. the primary focus of infection to have been eliminated; 3. the loss of weight to be one of the typical signs of pulmonary tuberculosis.
- При удвоении согласных слоговая граница проходит между ними: lat-ter.
- Наречия образуют степени сравнения так же, как и прилагательные.
- I can give you my pen. Я могу дать вам свою ручку.
- Времена группы Continuous образуются по общей формуле
- В вопросительной форме первый вспомогательный глагол выносится перед подлежащим.
- Страдательный залог группы Continuous
- Причастие настоящего времени (Present Participle)
- My friend suffering from a severe pain, I called in a doctor.
- By having carried out a number of investigations the scientist was able to isolate the agents of the disease. Проведя ряд исследований, ученый смог выделить возбудителей заболевания.
- Утра. I come back at 7 p.m. (post meridiem - после полудня). - Я возвращаюсь в 7 часов вечера.
- Виды предложений и типывопросов
- Я хочу, чтобы вы пришли в 5 часов.
- На русский язык сказуемое придаточного предложения переводится будущим временем.
- Angina pectoris стенокардия, грудная жаба
Text B. Asepsis
If all the works carried out by the great French researcher Pasteur were divided into three groups, they would form three great discoveries.
The first one might be formulated thus: “Each fermentation is produced by the development of a particular microbe.”
The second one might be given this formula: “Each infectious disease is produced by the development of a particular microbe within the human organism.”
The third one might be the following: “The microbe of an infectious disease, under certain conditions, is attenuated1 in its pathogenic activity; from a microbe it becomes a vaccine.”
In 1878 while delivering his lecture on the theory of microbes at the Academy of Sciences in Paris Pasteur said that if he were a surgeon, who knew of the dangers produced by microbes existing on the surface of every object, particularly in hospitals, not only should he use clean instruments, but after washing his hands with the greatest care he would employ only those bandages and charpie2 which had been heated to a temperature of 130° or 150 °C.
If he employed the water, he would heat it to a temperature of 110° or 120 °C, since observation had shown the clearest water to contain still greater number of microbes.
Had those principles of asepsis, on which Pasteur insisted, not been strictly followed in medicine thousands and thousands of human lives would have been lost because of sepsis.
Notes
1 to attenuate [ə'tenjueit] - ослаблять, разбавлять 2 charpie ['ʃa:pi] - карпия, льняные нитки дляперевязки ран
LESSON 49
HOME ASSIGNMENTS
I. Запомните чтение следующих слов. Найдите их перевод ниже:
diphtheria [dif,θiəriə], prostration [prɒ'streiʃən], tonsil ['tɒnsl], larynx ['lfriŋks], toxemia [tɒk'simiə], delirium [di'liriəm], disintegrate [dis'intigreit].
Отравление крови, заражение крови; прострация, изнеможение; бред, бредовое состояние; распадаться; дифтерит; миндалевидная железа; гортань.
II. Выучите следующие слова: backache ['bfkeik] n боль в спине smear ['smiə] n мазок culture ['kAltʃə] п посев; выращивание бактерий extreme [ik'stri:m] а крайний; чрезвычайный convalescence [,kɒnvə'lesns] n выздоровление fatal ['feitl] а летальный, смертельный outcome ['aυtkAm] n исход
III. 1. Прочтите текст С. 2. Перескажите текст от лица врача.
3. Найдите и переведите предложения, содержащие: а) сослагательное наклонение; б) сложное дополнение; в) сложное подлежащее; г) самостоятельный причастный оборот. 4. Выпишите английские эквиваленты следующих словосочетаний:
Температура была непостоянной, пульс был неправильный, незначительно увеличенное количество, мазок был взят на посев, налеты на миндалинах, очищение горла.
Text С. Diphtheria
The patient was a seven-year-old girl. Her fever was irregular and considerably elevated. The general symptoms, such as headache and backache, were not severe, but her pulse was weak and irregular. The urinalysis revealed protein to be present in a slightly increased amount.
The patient’s throat being examined, the physician noticed it be coated with a membrane. To make an adequate diagnosis the smear was taken for culture which revealed diphtheria bacilli. If diphtheria bacilli had not been revealed in the smear, the doctor might have doubted the diagnosis.
The disease having progressed, prostration became marked. The membranes which had been seen at first on the tonsils were spreading to the pharynx and larynx.
The patient received an adequate treatment with diphtheria antitoxin which contributed to the clearing up of the throat. Had the antitoxin treatment not been employed so soon toxemia would have been intense and delirium and prostration extreme or heart failure, respiratory paralysis or bronchial pneumonia might have developed.
After four or five days the membrane which had been extending over the tonsils, pharynx, and larynx began to loosen (зд. разрыхляться) and disintegrate. In 10 days convalescence was noted to have advanced favourably and the danger of a fatal outcome was considered to have been completely eliminated.
IV*. Выберите предложения в сослагательном наклонении:
The bacteriologist was sure that the blood smear would reveal cocci. 2. If it were a severe form of diphtheria, it would be characterized by general prostration, cardiac depression and even anaemia. 3. The physician did not doubt that the smear culture would reveal diphtheria bacilli. 4. Had the temperature been accompanied by vomiting, headache and chills the diagnosis of diphtheria would have been possible. 5. Subcutaneous injections of antibiotics should be given regularly lest the disease progressed.
V. Переведите предложения, употребив сослагательное наклонение (письменно):
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