What diseases may be accompanied by jaundice?

XIII. Say what diseases are spoken about in the following statements:

This disease is treated surgically. The operation is performed not under general but under local anaesthesia. The operation must be performed immediately to prevent the development of peritonitis.

This disease is most commonly observed in nervous persons. Such factors as mental and emotional overstrain contribute considerably to its development. The incidence of this disease is higher in men than in women. This disease is characterized by a chronic cyclic course.

When the physician examines the patient with this disease, he reveals severe tenderness in the right upper part of the abdomen and in the umbilical area. The physician also notes slight jaundice of sclerae. The patient complains of dryness in the mouth, vomiting, nausea and constipation.

XIV. 1. Read Text H. 2. Say what the doctor must pay particular attention to while examining a patient whose condition is suggestive of liver or bile duct disease.

Text H. Symptoms of Diseases of the Liver and Bile Ducts

When the physician is taking the patient’s medical history, he must pay attention to the patient’s working and living conditions, the diet which the patient follows, the history of past diseases, particularly of those of the alimentary tract, and the condition of the nervous and endocrine systems, because a hepatic disease is often directly associated with these factors.

For example, overeating, particularly of fatty foods, alcoholism may sometimes suggest the diagnosis of the fatty degeneration of the liver. A persistent lesion of the liver may be observed after Botkin’s disease and in chronic infections. Involvement of the liver and bile ducts is often found after gastrointestinal diseases, gastritis being one of them.

The patient’s complaints of loss of weight, pain in the right hypochondrium and abdominal enlargement may contribute to the proper diagnosis of the diseases of the liver and bile ducts. Among the characteristic symptoms of a hepatic disease are a yellowish colour of the skin, sclerae and of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity, dilatation of the veins in the umbilical area, tenderness in the left and right hypochondrium.

Palpation and percussion of the liver and spleen may supply important evidence for a diagnosis. The size of the liver may be enlarged or contracted, it may be soft or firm, its surface may be nodular, the lower border may be sharp - all these findings enable the physician not to doubt an adequate diagnosis.

UNIT 5. INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Грамматика: условные предложения. Сослагательное наклонение.

LESSON 48

HOME ASSIGNMENTS

I*. Определите значение слова if:

If there is common bile duct obstruction, jaundice usually develops.

The surgeon wanted to know if all the surgical instruments necessary for the operation had already been adequately sterilized. 3. Persons who have been in contact with the sick may be infected with hepatitis if prophylactic vaccination against it is not carried out.

II. Прочтите предложения и сравните их с переводом на русский язык. Обратите внимание на выделенные сказуемые. Ответьте на вопросы:

A) Ifhe is at the Institute tomorrow, he will see my brother. Если он будет в институте завтра, он увидит моего брата.

Б) Ifhe were at the Institute tomorrow, he would see my brother. Если бы он был в институте завтра, он увидел бы моего брата.

В) If you took this drug now, you would feel an immediate relief. Если бы вы приняли это лекарство сейчас, вы почувствовали бы немедленное облегчение.

Г)Ifhe had been at the Institute yesterday, he would have seen my brother. Если бы он был в институте вчера, он увидел бы моего брата.