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We are first-year students. We- perform operations (cannot, may).
Содержание книги
- Make, care, student, girl, person, got, arm, but, home, like, pure, help, form.
- Some students live at the hostel, others - with their relatives. Many students get stipends. If a student has “fives” in all the subjects at the entrance examinations he gets an increased stipend.
- Is your brother an adult? 2. Had you entrance examinations in September? 3. Do you get an increased stipend? 4. Will you become a doctor next year? 5. Have you relatives in Moscow?
- Первое сентября, первого сентября; второе августа, второго августа; десятое января, десятого января.
- Plaster, complete, polyclinic, general, gain, young, city, afternoon, main, they, X-ray, vein, yesterday, master, last.
- Talk, salt, fall, chalk, all, small, call, hall, also.
- It is cold today. Сегодня холодно . It was difficult. Было трудно . It will be warm. Будет тепло.
- Consultation, occlusion, attention, commission, session, occupation, obstruction.
- Must the students work during the whole term? 2. He could not enter the Institute last year. 3. Can he become a good therapeutist? 4. May this remedy do you harm?
- XVIII. Explain the pronunciation of the letter combinations in bold type: thousand, which, with, them, chart, phase, show, chill.
- Learn, earth, earn, research, heard.
- The long pens are on the table. Длинные ручки на столе.
- Our classes usually begin at 8.30 a.m. In addition to several practical classes we have a lecture or two every day.
- They are not carrying out они не проводят опыт сейчас .
- Are the doctors fighting for the life of this patient? 2. Who is fighting for the life of this patient? 3. What are the doctors doing? 4. What are the doctors fighting for?
- We are first-year students. We- perform operations (cannot, may).
- Leave, last, tooth, teeth, circle, yellow, chair, appear, prepare, pure, while, whole, early, become, want, chest, short.
- Нам дают книги. 2. Мне часто задают много вопросов.
- The bones of the skeleton are connected together by the joints or by the cartilages and ligaments. The bones consist of organic and inorganic substance.
- To call, brain, eyeball, nose, cavity, to compose, to consist of, joint, on each side, trunk, neck, breastbone, to separate.
- The student is asked many questions at the lesson. The student asked many questions at the lesson.
- This book will be read with great interest by all of us. 2. The thoracic cavity was examined by X-rays. 3. Artificial joints were used by the surgeon.
- Their work helped to establish that the muscles were the active agents of motion ( движение ) and contraction.
- IV. 1. Прочтите текст G. 2. О чем говорится в каждом абзаце?
- My friend is greatly excited because his son has the disease of the coxofemoral joints. The boy cannot walk and must be in bed.
- Road, moan, soap, load, foam, soak, throat.
- The muscular structure of the heart consists of two parts - the muscular layers of the atria and the muscular layers of the ventricles.
- The aorta- from the upper part of the left ventricle. 2. The shape of the vessels- when they dilate. 3. The right lung is- than the left one. 4. The lungs are- with the pleura.
- Эта экспериментальная работа будет проведена на будущей неделе. 2. Эти данные применяются на практике. 3. Меня будут обследовать несколько врачей. 4. В пятницу нам читали лекцию поанатомии.
- Text E. The Alimentary Tract
- В Москве издается много медицинских журналов. (many, published, journals, Moscow, are, in, medical)
- The blood (to carry) to the liver passes through the portal vein.
- XVI. Read and translate Text H.
- At the rate of, per minute (day), to depend on (upon), on physical exertion, to discharge from the hospital, to discharge out bile, to pump blood through arteries, to be followed by.
- The rate of heart contractions is regulated by two groups of nerve fibers. It varies in different persons and at different age.
- В норме сердце бьется со скоростью 60-70 ударов в минуту.
- Text С . The Corpuscular Elements of Blood
- XVIII. Read Text D and say what data important for a future doctor are given in it. What will you try to remember?
- It was estimated that blood was a fluid tissue.
- На заседании кафедры он доложил о результатах своих опытов.
- W. Harvey found out the heart changed its colour during the contractions.
- The methods of investigation the scientist had included in his research helped him to determine the origin of the pulmonary disease. 4. The faculty my brother is in trains pediatricians.
- M. Sechenov investigated blood gases in 1858. И. М. Сеченов исследовал газы крови в 1858 году.
- The new methods of research had been included into my work. 2. The course of treatment has been prolonged. 3. The structure of the pancreas will have been described in the new book.
- Не may examine the patient. 2. He may be examining the patient now.
- Для этой цели; 2) полный покой; 3) распространяется по коре головного мозга; 4) имеет большое защитное значение для; 5) глубокий спокойный сон; 6) жизнедеятельность.
- Different actions which are repeated every day before going to bed also act as stimuli which produce the process of inhibition.
- XI. Переведите текст E. Расскажите о кровеносных сосудах и дайте обоснование их роли в организме человека.
- Грамматика: заменители модальных глаголов. Способы выражения долженствования. Производные местоимения: some, any, no, every. Случаи употребления глаголов to be, to have.
- One can impair the health if one does not sleep for along period of time.
Medical students- know Anatomy well (may, must). 3. I am waiting for my brother. He- come any minute (may, can).
X. Поставьте вопросы к выделенным словам:
Не left the hospital in good health. 2. The doctor will have the possibility to examine this patient tomorrow. 3. The little girl was lying in bed, because she had a high temperature. 4. The day before yesterday we held our group meeting.
XI*. Переведите следующие предложения:
Let me dissect the corpse. 2. Let them finish this laboratory work today.
Let him treat this patient. 4. Let us return to the hostel now.
XII*. Задайте вопросы, чтобы получить следующие ответы:
Yes, we completed some experiments yesterday. 2. Yes, some members of our scientific society deliver lectures. 3. Yes, he needs some care.
XIII. Прочтите и переведите текст I со словарем. Расскажите содержание клятвы врача. Выпишите английские эквиваленты следующих словосочетаний:
Высокое звание врача; торжественно клянусь; трудиться добросовестно; оказать медицинскую помощь; совершенствовать медицинские познания и профессиональное мастерство; никогда не отказывать в совете; быть верным этой присяге.
Text I. The Oath of the Doctor
Receiving the lofty title of the doctor and beginning the medical practice, I solemnly take the oath:
To devote all my knowledge and strength to the protection and improvement of the people̓s health, to the treatment and prevention of diseases, to work honestly wherever the interests of the society require.
To be always ready to give medical assistance, to deal with the patient attentively and carefully, to keep the medical secrecy.
To perfect the medical knowledge and professional skill, to promote the development of medical science and practice by honest labour.
To consult the colleagues wherever the interests of the patient may require and never to refuse an advice or assistance to anybody.
To preserve and to develop the noble traditions of Russian medicine, to follow the principles of the ethics in all the activity, always to remember about the lofty calling of the doctor, about the responsibility to the people.
I swear to be true to this oath during the whole life.
XIV. Прочтите и запомните чтение следующих слов. Переведите их:
candidate ['kfndidət], basis ['beisis], function ['fAŋkʃn], physiology [,fizi'ɒləei], pharmacology [famə'kɒləei], pathologic(al) [,pfθə'lɒeik(l)], procedure [prə'si:eə], psychology [sai'kɒləei].
XV. Read Text J. State the difference between the systems of preparation of doctors in the USA and in our country.
Text J. Medical Education in the United States
In the USA the young man who has the secondary education1 must pass through seven or eight years of hard study before he begins his work as a doctor.
First he has three or four years of premedical training at a university. Here he learns the main sciences. Only those students who show good results in their premedical training can become candidates for higher medical education. Those who do not continue their education can work as nurses.
The higher medical education is difficult. The students must study four years in the medical faculty of the university. During the first two years the student masters laboratory sciences. To learn2 the structure of the human body the student studies anatomy. The student must get deep knowledge of biological chemistry because it is the basis for clinical laboratory diagnosis and therapy.
The student learns the functions of the body theoretically from books and by laboratory experiments in classes of Physiology.
In the USA the curriculum3 of medical faculties has such a subject as Psychology which teaches the student to deal with patients4 and understand human behaviour (поведение).
The student learns all other theoretical subjects such as Pharmacology and Pathological Physiology before he begins to treat a patient.
In his third and fourth years the student gets instruction and practical experience in the treatment and care of the patient. During these years the student has the possibility to work at the hospital and learn much of main medical procedures and different diseases to be well prepared for his work.
Notes
1 THE SECONDARY EDUCATION - СРЕДНЕЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ
2 to learn - зд. чтобы узнать
3 curriculum [kə'rikjυləm] - учебный план; программа (института, университета)
4 to deal with patients - обращаться с больными
CLASS ASSIGNMENTS
XVI. Read the following and explain the pronunciation of the letters and letter combinations in bold type:
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