Мы поможем в написании ваших работ!
ЗНАЕТЕ ЛИ ВЫ?
|
Text E. The Alimentary Tract
Содержание книги
- Plaster, complete, polyclinic, general, gain, young, city, afternoon, main, they, X-ray, vein, yesterday, master, last.
- Talk, salt, fall, chalk, all, small, call, hall, also.
- It is cold today. Сегодня холодно . It was difficult. Было трудно . It will be warm. Будет тепло.
- Consultation, occlusion, attention, commission, session, occupation, obstruction.
- Must the students work during the whole term? 2. He could not enter the Institute last year. 3. Can he become a good therapeutist? 4. May this remedy do you harm?
- XVIII. Explain the pronunciation of the letter combinations in bold type: thousand, which, with, them, chart, phase, show, chill.
- Learn, earth, earn, research, heard.
- The long pens are on the table. Длинные ручки на столе.
- Our classes usually begin at 8.30 a.m. In addition to several practical classes we have a lecture or two every day.
- They are not carrying out они не проводят опыт сейчас .
- Are the doctors fighting for the life of this patient? 2. Who is fighting for the life of this patient? 3. What are the doctors doing? 4. What are the doctors fighting for?
- We are first-year students. We- perform operations (cannot, may).
- Leave, last, tooth, teeth, circle, yellow, chair, appear, prepare, pure, while, whole, early, become, want, chest, short.
- Нам дают книги. 2. Мне часто задают много вопросов.
- The bones of the skeleton are connected together by the joints or by the cartilages and ligaments. The bones consist of organic and inorganic substance.
- To call, brain, eyeball, nose, cavity, to compose, to consist of, joint, on each side, trunk, neck, breastbone, to separate.
- The student is asked many questions at the lesson. The student asked many questions at the lesson.
- This book will be read with great interest by all of us. 2. The thoracic cavity was examined by X-rays. 3. Artificial joints were used by the surgeon.
- Their work helped to establish that the muscles were the active agents of motion ( движение ) and contraction.
- IV. 1. Прочтите текст G. 2. О чем говорится в каждом абзаце?
- My friend is greatly excited because his son has the disease of the coxofemoral joints. The boy cannot walk and must be in bed.
- Road, moan, soap, load, foam, soak, throat.
- The muscular structure of the heart consists of two parts - the muscular layers of the atria and the muscular layers of the ventricles.
- The aorta- from the upper part of the left ventricle. 2. The shape of the vessels- when they dilate. 3. The right lung is- than the left one. 4. The lungs are- with the pleura.
- Эта экспериментальная работа будет проведена на будущей неделе. 2. Эти данные применяются на практике. 3. Меня будут обследовать несколько врачей. 4. В пятницу нам читали лекцию поанатомии.
- Text E. The Alimentary Tract
- В Москве издается много медицинских журналов. (many, published, journals, Moscow, are, in, medical)
- The blood (to carry) to the liver passes through the portal vein.
- XVI. Read and translate Text H.
- At the rate of, per minute (day), to depend on (upon), on physical exertion, to discharge from the hospital, to discharge out bile, to pump blood through arteries, to be followed by.
- The rate of heart contractions is regulated by two groups of nerve fibers. It varies in different persons and at different age.
- В норме сердце бьется со скоростью 60-70 ударов в минуту.
- Text С . The Corpuscular Elements of Blood
- XVIII. Read Text D and say what data important for a future doctor are given in it. What will you try to remember?
- It was estimated that blood was a fluid tissue.
- На заседании кафедры он доложил о результатах своих опытов.
- W. Harvey found out the heart changed its colour during the contractions.
- The methods of investigation the scientist had included in his research helped him to determine the origin of the pulmonary disease. 4. The faculty my brother is in trains pediatricians.
- M. Sechenov investigated blood gases in 1858. И. М. Сеченов исследовал газы крови в 1858 году.
- The new methods of research had been included into my work. 2. The course of treatment has been prolonged. 3. The structure of the pancreas will have been described in the new book.
- Не may examine the patient. 2. He may be examining the patient now.
- Для этой цели; 2) полный покой; 3) распространяется по коре головного мозга; 4) имеет большое защитное значение для; 5) глубокий спокойный сон; 6) жизнедеятельность.
- Different actions which are repeated every day before going to bed also act as stimuli which produce the process of inhibition.
- XI. Переведите текст E. Расскажите о кровеносных сосудах и дайте обоснование их роли в организме человека.
- Грамматика: заменители модальных глаголов. Способы выражения долженствования. Производные местоимения: some, any, no, every. Случаи употребления глаголов to be, to have.
- One can impair the health if one does not sleep for along period of time.
- Чем могут быть заменены модальные глаголы can, may, must?
- Everyone knows that phagocytes destroy microorganisms.
- The environment must be provided with the proper amount of oxygen for the growth of aerobic microorganisms.
- To give in, to give up, to give away; 2) to get up, to get down, to get in, to get off.
The alimentary tract is a musculomembraneous canal about 8½ m (metres) in length. It extends from the oral cavity to the anus. It consists of the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. The liver with gallbladder and pancreas are the large glands of the alimentary tract.
The first division of the alimentary tract is formed by the mouth. Important structures of the mouth are the teeth and the tongue, which is the organ of taste (вкуса). The soft and hard palates and the salivary glands are also in the oral cavity.
From the mouth food passes through the pharynx to the esophagus and then to the stomach.
The stomach is a dilated portion of the alimentary canal. It is in the upper part of the abdomen under the diaphragm. It measures about 21-25 cm (centimetres) in length, 8-9 cm in its greatest diameter. It has a capacity of from 2.14 to 4.28 1 (litres).
The small intestine is a thin-walled muscular tube about 6.5 m long. It is located in the middle portion of the abdominal cavity. The small intestine is composed of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum.
The large intestine is about 1.5 m long. It is divided into caecum, colon and rectum.
The liver is the largest gland in the human body. It is in the right upper part of the abdominal cavity under the diaphragm.
The gallbladder is a hollow sac (мешок) lying on the lower surface of the liver.
The pancreas is a long thin gland lying behind the stomach.
CLASS ASSIGNMENTS
VII. Translate these sentences and define the part of speech of the words in bold type:
The left atrium and ventricle connected by the mitral valve form the left chamber of the heart. 2. The operation made on the diseased joints restored the health of the patient. 3. The main inner organs included in the thoracic cavity are the heart and lungs. 4. The blood carried through the veins from the trunk, head and extremities to the right atrium is called venous.
VIII. Say what organ is spoken about:
This organ is the largest gland in the human body. It is in the upper part of the abdominal cavity under the diaphragm in the right side of the abdomen. Its upper surface is convex. This organ consists of small lobules connected together by connective tissue, different vessels and nerves.
This organ is pyriform (грушевидный) in shape. It is a dilated portion of the alimentary canal. It is in the upper part of the abdomen under the diaphragm. The liver is above this organ, and the colon is below it. The pancreas is behind this organ.
IX. Combine the adjectives with the proper nouns given below. Translate your word combinations:
Inner, serous, salivary, hard, exact (точный), vital, connective, pale, length, palate, coat, capacity, tissue, gland, layer, face.
X. Make up sentences with the predicate in the Passive Voice. Translate them:
Are, with, the oral cavity, connected, the salivary glands; 2) the oral cavity, are, the soft and hard palates, located in; 3) of, main, are, the arteries, composed, three, coats.
XI. Translate the following sentences:
The peritoneum is a serous coat covering the inner surface of the abdominal wall. 2. The shape of the stomach changes when it dilates and its borders greatly extend. 3. The capillaries are connected with the endings of the arteries and veins. 4. The left atrium is smaller than the right one and its walls are thicker than those of the right one.
XII. Translate the sentences determining the meaning of the words in bold type from the context:
The great Russian scientist Pirogov published his Anatomical Atlas in 1851-1854. 2. Anatomy is the science which describes the structure of the human body. 3. The invention of the radio by Popov was a great scientific revolution. 4. The exact number of minutes in an hour is sixty.
XIII. Using the words given in the brackets make up sentences corresponding to the Russian ones:
|
