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The muscular structure of the heart consists of two parts - the muscular layers of the atria and the muscular layers of the ventricles.
Содержание книги
- Some students live at the hostel, others - with their relatives. Many students get stipends. If a student has “fives” in all the subjects at the entrance examinations he gets an increased stipend.
- Is your brother an adult? 2. Had you entrance examinations in September? 3. Do you get an increased stipend? 4. Will you become a doctor next year? 5. Have you relatives in Moscow?
- Первое сентября, первого сентября; второе августа, второго августа; десятое января, десятого января.
- Plaster, complete, polyclinic, general, gain, young, city, afternoon, main, they, X-ray, vein, yesterday, master, last.
- Talk, salt, fall, chalk, all, small, call, hall, also.
- It is cold today. Сегодня холодно . It was difficult. Было трудно . It will be warm. Будет тепло.
- Consultation, occlusion, attention, commission, session, occupation, obstruction.
- Must the students work during the whole term? 2. He could not enter the Institute last year. 3. Can he become a good therapeutist? 4. May this remedy do you harm?
- XVIII. Explain the pronunciation of the letter combinations in bold type: thousand, which, with, them, chart, phase, show, chill.
- Learn, earth, earn, research, heard.
- The long pens are on the table. Длинные ручки на столе.
- Our classes usually begin at 8.30 a.m. In addition to several practical classes we have a lecture or two every day.
- They are not carrying out они не проводят опыт сейчас .
- Are the doctors fighting for the life of this patient? 2. Who is fighting for the life of this patient? 3. What are the doctors doing? 4. What are the doctors fighting for?
- We are first-year students. We- perform operations (cannot, may).
- Leave, last, tooth, teeth, circle, yellow, chair, appear, prepare, pure, while, whole, early, become, want, chest, short.
- Нам дают книги. 2. Мне часто задают много вопросов.
- The bones of the skeleton are connected together by the joints or by the cartilages and ligaments. The bones consist of organic and inorganic substance.
- To call, brain, eyeball, nose, cavity, to compose, to consist of, joint, on each side, trunk, neck, breastbone, to separate.
- The student is asked many questions at the lesson. The student asked many questions at the lesson.
- This book will be read with great interest by all of us. 2. The thoracic cavity was examined by X-rays. 3. Artificial joints were used by the surgeon.
- Their work helped to establish that the muscles were the active agents of motion ( движение ) and contraction.
- IV. 1. Прочтите текст G. 2. О чем говорится в каждом абзаце?
- My friend is greatly excited because his son has the disease of the coxofemoral joints. The boy cannot walk and must be in bed.
- Road, moan, soap, load, foam, soak, throat.
- The muscular structure of the heart consists of two parts - the muscular layers of the atria and the muscular layers of the ventricles.
- The aorta- from the upper part of the left ventricle. 2. The shape of the vessels- when they dilate. 3. The right lung is- than the left one. 4. The lungs are- with the pleura.
- Эта экспериментальная работа будет проведена на будущей неделе. 2. Эти данные применяются на практике. 3. Меня будут обследовать несколько врачей. 4. В пятницу нам читали лекцию поанатомии.
- Text E. The Alimentary Tract
- В Москве издается много медицинских журналов. (many, published, journals, Moscow, are, in, medical)
- The blood (to carry) to the liver passes through the portal vein.
- XVI. Read and translate Text H.
- At the rate of, per minute (day), to depend on (upon), on physical exertion, to discharge from the hospital, to discharge out bile, to pump blood through arteries, to be followed by.
- The rate of heart contractions is regulated by two groups of nerve fibers. It varies in different persons and at different age.
- В норме сердце бьется со скоростью 60-70 ударов в минуту.
- Text С . The Corpuscular Elements of Blood
- XVIII. Read Text D and say what data important for a future doctor are given in it. What will you try to remember?
- It was estimated that blood was a fluid tissue.
- На заседании кафедры он доложил о результатах своих опытов.
- W. Harvey found out the heart changed its colour during the contractions.
- The methods of investigation the scientist had included in his research helped him to determine the origin of the pulmonary disease. 4. The faculty my brother is in trains pediatricians.
- M. Sechenov investigated blood gases in 1858. И. М. Сеченов исследовал газы крови в 1858 году.
- The new methods of research had been included into my work. 2. The course of treatment has been prolonged. 3. The structure of the pancreas will have been described in the new book.
- Не may examine the patient. 2. He may be examining the patient now.
- Для этой цели; 2) полный покой; 3) распространяется по коре головного мозга; 4) имеет большое защитное значение для; 5) глубокий спокойный сон; 6) жизнедеятельность.
- Different actions which are repeated every day before going to bed also act as stimuli which produce the process of inhibition.
- XI. Переведите текст E. Расскажите о кровеносных сосудах и дайте обоснование их роли в организме человека.
- Грамматика: заменители модальных глаголов. Способы выражения долженствования. Производные местоимения: some, any, no, every. Случаи употребления глаголов to be, to have.
- One can impair the health if one does not sleep for along period of time.
- Чем могут быть заменены модальные глаголы can, may, must?
The vascular system consists of three groups of vessels - arteries, veins and capillaries.
The vessels carrying blood to and from the tissues of the body compose the general circulation. They are called the systemic vessels.
The pulmonary circulation is formed by the vessels carrying blood to and from the lungs.
The portal system is formed by the veins passing to the liver.
Most of the arteries are composed of three coats. The arteries dilate and contract simultaneously with the action of the heart.
CLASS ASSIGNMENTS
XI. Read the following words and explain the pronunciation of the letter combinations in bold type:
Coat, count, cause, law, load, loud, autopsy, saw, soak, sound, nausea, raw, moan, amount, gauze, road.
XII. Form and translate the new words by adding: a) the prefix sub-: divide, tropical, class, cutaneous, costal, family, mucous;
b) the prefix inter-: costal, national, muscular, vertebral, ventricular, vascular.
Х III. Form the Past Participle of the verbs given in brackets. State their functions. Translate the following sentences:
The patient (admit) to the hospital was a 45-year-old female. 2. The inner organs (include) in the thoracic cavity are the heart and the lungs.
The blood (carry) to the lungs is called venous blood.
XIV. Give the English equivalents:
В три раза толще, чем стенки; 2) малый (легочный) круг кровообращения; 3) большой круг кровообращения; 4) кровообращение в системе воротной вены.
XV. Choose the necessary Participle. Translate the sentences:
The blood vessels (located, locating) on the anterior surface of the arm were dilated. 2. The vessels (carried, carrying) blood to the heart are called veins. 3. The lungs are the inner organs (included, including) in the thoracic cavity. 4. The muscular structure of the heart (consisted, consisting), of two parts includes muscular layers of the artria and muscular layers of ventricles.
XVI. Read the following sentences and define instead of what words the substitutes one - ones, that - those are used:
The condition of patient M. is worse than that of patient N. 2. The number of the vertebrae in the coccyx is less than the number of those in the neck. 3. The bones of the lower extremities are longer than those of the upper ones.
XVII. Read Text B. Entitle it. Say what it deals with.
Text В
In the left chamber the atrium and ventricle are separated by the mitral ['maitrəl] valve.
In the right chamber the atrium and ventricle are separated by the tricuspid [trai'kAspid] valve.
At the point of origin of the aorta in the left ventricle another valve is located. This valve is called the semilunar [,semi'lu:na] valve of the aorta.
At the point of origin of the pulmonary artery in the right ventricle the fourth valve is located. It is called the semilunar valve of the pulmonary artery.
LESSON 14
HOME ASSIGNMENTS
I. Запомните чтение следующих слов: respiratory [rə'spirətəri] дыхательный, респираторный mediastinum [,mi:diə'stainəm] средостение pleura [' р l υ ərə] плевра lobe [lə υ b] доля external [ik'st3:nl] наружный serous ['siərəs] серозный, сывороточный lateral ['lftərəl] боковой visceral ['visərəl] внутренний subserous [sAb'siərəs] подсерозный
II. Выучите следующие слова и словосочетания: cover ['kAvə] v покрывать, закрывать shape [ʃeip] n форма, очертание; вид; образ border ['bɔ:də] n граница, край extend [ik'stend] v простирать (ся); увеличивать (ся); расширять; продлевать
upward ['Apwəd] adv вверх
above [ə'bAv] р r р над; свыше
level ['levl] n уровень; количество
thin [θin] а тонкий; худой
vary [veəri] v менять(ся), изменять(ся); разнообразить
heavy ['hevi] а тяжелый; плотный
left [left] а левый
capacity [kə'pfsəti] n емкость; объем; vital capacity of the lungs жизненная емкость легких
infant ['infənt] n младенец, ребенок до двух лет
pale [peil] а бледный
colour ['kAlə] n цвет; v окрашивать
proper ['ргɒрə] а собственный; правильный; соответствующий;
Надлежащий
III*. Вставьте необходимые по смыслу слова, данные ниже:
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