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Влияние общества на человека
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Read the story of Coca-Cola and check your ideas.Содержание книги
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Things go better with Coca-Cola
The business was bought by a man called Asa Candler in 1888, and the first factory was opened in Dallas, Texas, in 1895. Coca-Cola is still made there. Billions of bottles and cans have been produced since 1895, but the recipe is still kept secret! Diet Coke has been made since 1982, and over the years many clever advertisements have been used to sell the product. It is certain that Coca-Cola will be drunk far into the twenty-first century. a) Do you drink Coca-Cola? Do you think these facts about Coca-Cola are true or false? - 1.6 billion gallons are sold every day. - Coca-Cola is drunk in every country in the world. - It was invented in the USA. - It is nearly 100 years old. b) Try to remember the whole sentences about Coca-Cola.
History of the Hamburger
Ø Which of the given is the most often visited personally by you? Ø Which one is the most popular / common in your city (town) / country? Ø What is specific about food served there? Ø Which from the list would you choose to start your own food business?
BLOCK IV Topics for discussion and essays.
LESSON 12 Health and Diseases (Keeping Fit, Treatment)
Every disease has a physician. (Irish Proverb) No doctor is better than three. (German Proverb) Diagnosis is not the end, but the beginning of practice. The art of medicine consists in amusing the patient while nature cures the disease. I got the bill for my surgery. Now I know what those doctors were wearing masks for. It is sometimes as dangerous to be run into by a microbe as by a trolley car. INTRODUCTORY TEXT Notes to the text: functional / metabolic efficiency – функціональна / метаболічна (що стосується обміну речовин) дієвість (ефективність) World Health Organization – Всесвітня організація здоров’я (ВОЗ) complete physical / mental / social well-being – повний фізичний / розумовий / соціальний добробут (здоров’я) absence of disease / infirmity – відсутність захворювань / недуг Health Triangle – трикутник здоров’я to be prone to – бути схильним до genetics – генетика (наука про спадковість чи вроджені характеристики) lifestyle – стиль (спосіб) життя access to health care – доступ до охорони здоров’я to be restricted – бути обмеженим longevity – довголіття positive attitude – позитивне ставлення hygiene ['hαd3i:n] – гігієна to floss(ed) teeth – чистити зуби флосом (шовкова стрічка) dead skin cells – відмерлі клітини шкіри germ – мікроб Health is the general condition of a person in all aspects. It is also a level of functional and metabolic efficiency of a human organism. At the time of the creation of the World Health Organization (WHO), in 1948, health was defined as being ‘a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity ’. Overall health is achieved through a combination of physical, mental, and social well-being, which, together is commonly referred to as the Health Triangle. There are four general determinants of health including human biology, environment, lifestyle, and healthcare services. According to the World Health Organization, the main determinants of health include the social and economic environment, the physical environment and the person’s individual characteristics and behaviors. Generally, people who finish higher education are more likely to get a better job and therefore are less prone to stress by comparing to individuals with low education levels. The physical environment includes such factors as clean water and air, safe houses, communities and roads. All of them contribute to good health. Genetics are also part of the system on which the health of the population can be established. It concerns habits and behaviors individuals develop during their life, particularly in terms of lifestyle choices. For instance, people who come from families whose members had a more active lifestyle and followed healthier diets, non-smoking and non-drinking are more likely to follow the same pattern in their life. Moreover, the World Health Organization lists a wide range of other factors that can influence the well-being of a person. Access to health care is one of the large issues of the nowadays society, maybe even greater than the quality of the service. Individuals in developing countries are more prone to suffer from different health conditions because their access to the health care system is restricted mostly from financial reasons. Personal health depends partially on the social structure of one’s life. The maintenance of strong social relationships is linked to good health conditions, longevity, productivity, and a positive attitude. Hygiene is the practice of keeping the body clean to prevent infection and illness, and the avoidance of contact with infectious agents. Hygiene practices include bathing, brushing and flossing teeth, washing hands especially before eating, washing food before it is eaten, cleaning food preparation utensils and surfaces before and after preparing meals, and many others. This may help prevent infection and illness. By cleaning the body, dead skin cells are washed away with the germs, reducing their chance of entering the body.
1. What’s the general definition of health? 2. Explain what Health Triangle is. 3. What do main determinants of health include? 4. What is physical environment? 5. How can genetics influence human health? 6. What is access to health care and who is restricted to it? 7. How can you explain social structure of one’s life? 8. Enumerate hygiene factors?
1. At the time of the creation of the World Health Organization (WHO), in 1948, health was defined as… 2. There are four general determinants of health including… 3. People who finish higher education are more likely to get a… 4. Clean water and air, safe houses, communities and roads contribute to… 5. People follow healthier diets, non-smoking and non-drinking lifestyle are more likely to… 6. Individuals in developing countries are more prone to suffer from different health conditions because… 7. By cleaning the body, dead skin cells are…
TOPICAL VOCABULARY
VOCABUALARY PRACTICE BLOCK I
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Coca-Cola is enjoyed all over the world. 1.6 billion gallons are sold every year, in over one hundred and sixty countries. The drink was invented by Dr John Pemberton in Atlanta as a health drink on 8 May 1886, but it was given the name Coca-Cola by his partner, Frank Robinson, because it was originally made from the coca (cocaine) plant. In the first year, only nine drinks a day were sold.
The hamburger is the most eaten food of the world. The first hamburger (1) ______ and sold in Connecticut in 1895 by an American chef called Louis Lassen. Louis (2) ______ them hamburgers because he (3) ______ the recipe by sailors from Hamburg in Germany. Hamburgers (4) ______ a favorite in America in the early part of the 20th century. Their popularity (5) _____ even more after the Second World War, when they (6) _____ in large quantities by teenagers who (7) _____ fast food to family meals. In 1948 two brothers, Dick and Mac McDonald (8) _____ a drive-in hamburger restaurant in San Bernardino, California. Since then over 25,000 McDonald’s restaurants (9) _____ worldwide and now 35 million McDonald’s hamburgers (10) _____ every day in 115 countries from India to the Arctic Circle.
