Заглавная страница Избранные статьи Случайная статья Познавательные статьи Новые добавления Обратная связь КАТЕГОРИИ:  Археология Биология Генетика География Информатика История Логика Маркетинг Математика Менеджмент Механика Педагогика Религия Социология Технологии Физика Философия Финансы Химия ЭкологияТОП 10 на сайте Приготовление дезинфицирующих растворов различной концентрацииТехника нижней прямой подачи мяча. Франко-прусская война (причины и последствия) Организация работы процедурного кабинета Смысловое и механическое запоминание, их место и роль в усвоении знаний Коммуникативные барьеры и пути их преодоления Обработка изделий медицинского назначения многократного применения Образцы текста публицистического стиля Четыре типа изменения баланса Задачи с ответами для Всероссийской олимпиады по праву 
Мы поможем в написании ваших работ! ЗНАЕТЕ ЛИ ВЫ?
Влияние общества на человека
Приготовление дезинфицирующих растворов различной концентрации Практические работы по географии для 6 класса Организация работы процедурного кабинета Изменения в неживой природе осенью Уборка процедурного кабинета Сольфеджио. Все правила по сольфеджио Балочные системы. Определение реакций опор и моментов защемления |
Professional Ethics and Computer Scienceflnformation Systems
If you are looking at this page, you probably have an interest in (or have been told by a professor to have an interest in) computers and ethics. Ethics One definition of ethics, according to Merriam-Webster, is "a set of moral principles or values". You may derive your own personal ethics from many sources: your family and culture," your religion or faith, the legal system where you live, etc. However, ethics in general is not the topic of this web page. Computing Ethics Sometimes you will hear someone refer to "computing ethics", which is a whole range of ethical questions surrounding computer science and the use of computers. Professional Ethics This web page discusses professional ethics (or professional practice): the "principles of conduct" that we agree to be governed by as computer scientists and engineers. As a student at Stony Brook, you have agreed to follow the university's rules regarding academic honesty and appropriate conduct. These are a statement of professional conduct for students. Faculty have their own rules regarding professional conduct (the Computer Science faculty have adopted a statement which will soon be on the department's web site). Depending on where you are in life, you may have several different sets of professional ethics to adhere to. It is important to think about who you are, what roles you play, and how you can act professionally in those different roles. This web page is one place for you to start thinking about professional ethics. (Adapted from the Internet) Center for the Study of Ethics Codes of Ethics Online In June 1996, our Center received a grant from the National Science Foundation to put our extensive collection of codes of ethics on the web. We included those codes of ethics of professional societies, corporations, government, and academic institutions, of the over 850 codes we have in our paper archive, who gave us permission to include their code. Earlier versions of codes of ethics of some organizations represented are available to allow researchers to study the development of codes. A literature review, an introduction to the codes, and a user’s guide are included. Navigating the Codes: the most direct point of contact with the codes is achieved by • browsing the Index of Codes, or an alphabetical list of codes, or • searching the codes using our customized Google search engine. Unit 6 Guide to Codes of Ethics Collection Introduction An introduction that covers the debate about the function and value of codes of ethics. The Index of Codes The codes, organized by professional category, are drawn from the continually growing collection held by CSEP’s Library and from the web. Search the codes here. Compilation of Codes in the paper and online collection. Codes of Ethics divided into the following broad categories, Professional and Trade, Business, Government, and Other, and then listed alphabetically by association name. Permissions Information We have published online only codes for which we have received permission from the firm or organization that produced the code. Using Codes of Ethics This guide offers a context for using a code of ethics by considering a sample case. Writing a Code of Ethics Find here some print and online sources for writing a code of ethics for your organization. Authoring a code: Observations on process and organization This paper was written by Andrew Olson, who worked on the project just after completing his undergraduate degree. Bibliography: Books, Articles and Cases This list of materials, many of which offer case studies, will help you use your profession’s code. Other Online Sources of Codes of Ethics Having difficulty finding an organization’s code of ethics? Try our links to other collections of codes of ethics which are available online. Participants in the Project Who has helped make this material available online? There are many computer science-related organizations that have codes of ethics (Berleur and Brunnstein 1996). However, most computer scientists are members of the ACM or the IEEE, and so have agreed to be bound by one of the following:
• The ACM Code of Ethics • The АСМЯЕЕЕ Software Engineering Code of Ethics and Professional Practice • The IEEE Code of Ethics Printouts of the ACM/IEEE code of ethics are available in the Computer Science Building outside the office of the undergraduate secretary. What you can do: Look up one of the above codes of ethics. Read it. Print it out and save it for reference. It is there to protect and guide you, as well as to protect those you work with and for. Most large companies have an ethics officer, who is there to educate and advise employees about issues relating to professional practice. You may meet one or Professional ethics _______________________________________________________ 2 47 more of the ethics officers from local companies, such as CA, Symbol and Reuters, during your time at.Stony Brook. Organizations that are broadly considered to “be about”' ethics of computing, or professional practice in computer science, include: • Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility • The Centre for Computing and Social Responsibility • The Center for Applied Ethics, page on Computer and Information Ethics • The Web Clearinghouse for Engineering and Computing Ethics • ACM<SIG on Computers and Society • The Online Ethics Center for Engineering and Science at Case Western University • The Research Center on Computing & Society at Southern Connecticut State University What you can do: Look up one or more of the organizations above. Become aware of the ethical issues computer scientists and engineers face. Know that these organizations may be resources for you to use in case of an ethical conflict. Think about becoming involved. Teaching Professional Ethics in Computer Science and Information Systems The following is a list of listings of case studies relating to professional ethics and computer science or information systems: • Online Ethics Center: Cases about Computers and Software • ComputingCases.org (Adapted from the Internet) Unit 6 Key to tasks 6.2. and 6.3. Discussion of some ethical problems: Chairman: - Shall we get down to business? I have a great pleasure in opening the discussion. Are there any comments, opinions or questions to the speaker?... Prof. Hill, please. Prof. Hill: - I’ve listened attentively to the presentation and I’m deeply impressed by the spiritual situation in the world. I want to ask Mr. Biletsky a question. In what way will your country try to get out of the troubles you’ve mentioned? Prof. Biletsky: - This is a due question. You know that Ukraine has achieved democracy. This is an important first step in the improvement of society. But democracy, as wonderful as it is, is not enough. Democracy has not solved all the problems of America. I think you agree with me, Mr. Hill. There must be an accompanying predominant spiritual sense of purpose found in society. I would say that knowledge and appreciation of genuine spiritual values in a democratic society is the way of improving the spiritual situation. This is the policy of our country, and this is what we want to pass on to the next generation. Peter Koval: - My name is Peter Koval, I am a student at Kyiv National University. As the young generation has been mentioned, I want to raise a question: What is the role of education in the humanization processes? Chairman: - Who’d like to answer this question?... I give the floor to Dr. Fulier from Sorbonna University. Dr.Fulier: - I would answer your question by Plato’s words: “If you ask what is the good of education I shall answer that education makes good men, and good men act nobly and conquer their enemies in battle, because they are good.” My friends, I want to warn you that the enemies are at the gates of our common home, they are alienation, illegal drugs, crime, injustice, apathy, and lack of moral purpose. Good education can conquer these enemies.
Olha Dolenko: - I’m Olha Dolenko, a post-graduate student at Lviv Polytechnic University. Dr.Fulier, could you enlarge on this question, please? How do you think moral knowledge is to be acquired? Can one person, a teacher, perhaps, help others to acquire it? And if so, in what way? By direct instruction? By good example? By advice? By reward and punishment? Dr.Fulier: - Formation of human values in children and adults is a long and permanent process. The role of the family, the state, the school and the church are very important in moral training, as well as the role of arts, humanities, literature and music. The matter is that, first of all, the society should be moral. If it is so, there is nothing to be afraid of. Professional ethics 249 Chairman: - Thank you. Unfortunately, our time is up. I think that the discussion was highly spirited. Many ideas have been expressed that will long occupy our minds and invite further studies. Let me thank you all for participation. Key to tasks 6.4. and 6.5. Text “Global Warming and Greenhouse Effect”. It is believed that human activities are responsible for the drastic changes in the Earth’s temperature causing global warming, holes in the ozone layer and major changes in climate patterns. Ozone in the stratosphere shields the Earth from much harmful ultraviolet radiation. Solar energy arrives in the form of short-wavelength radiation (high energy). But not all the solar energy is absorbed on the Earth’s surface. One third of the heat is reflected back out into space, in the form of long-wavelength infrared radiation (low energy). Two thirds of the solar energy reaching the Earth from the sun is trapped inside the atmosphere by gases which absorb it. This is called the “greenhouse” effect. Carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, fluorocarbons and other gases in the atmosphere which trap solar energy, absorb and retain it are called “greenhouse gases”. Carbon dioxide releases from burning fossil fuels such as gas, coal and oil; solid waste, wood and wood products. Methane comes from domestic animals such as cows, landfills, rice farming, natural gas, oil and coal production, vegetation decay and transport. Sewage treatment plants may be a major source of nitrous oxide. Fluorocarbons rarely occur naturally. They are manufactured by humans for refrigeration and air-conditioning. We need a greenhouse effect because it provides a blanket of warmth enveloping the Earth. Otherwise we would freeze! But as concentrations of greenhouse gases increase, more heat is being re-radiated back to the Earth thus increasing surface temperatures. Each year we add more than 30 billion tons of carbon dioxide to the air, 350 to 500 million tons of methane. The carbon dioxide we release today could still be trapping heat hundreds of years from now. Methane stays in the atmosphere for more than a decade, and each molecule of methane traps heat 20 times more effectively than a carbon dioxide molecule. Nitrous oxide which we add to the atmosphere 7 to 13 million tons a year stays there for more than a century and its molecule traps heat about 200 times more effectively than a carbon dioxide molecule. So greenhouse gases are greatly contributing to global effect the temperature of the Earth would be about zero degrees F (-18°C) instead of its present 57°F (14°C). Thus, the greenhouse effect is necessary to maintain the liquid state of water in the Earth’s biosphere, but things are getting a bit too warm. Adanmoemi автентичт тексты використаю у тдручнику з навчальною, метою.
abstract abstract of a paper / report accept accommodate smth. to according to / in accordance with achieve achievement acquaint get acquainted with acquire acquisition advertise advertisement/advert/ad agree with agreement announce announcement annual annually applicant application apply appreciate appreciation apprentice apprenticeship arrange arrangement assess assist attend a plenary meeting / session award awareness А аноташя, тези доповш тези доновда приймати пристосовувати до зпдно з, вщповщно до досягати досягнення ознайомлювати ознайомитись з набувати (знания, навички, досвщ), одержувати набуття, одержання рекламувати оголошення, реклама погоджуватись з згода, угода оголошувати оголошення ЩОР1ЧНИЙ mopiHHO кандидат, претендент 1. застосування, 2. заява 1. застосовувати, 2. звертатись до, подати заяву високо щнувати висока ощнка, розумшня учень учтвство, навчання професп оргашзовувати, упорядковувати оргашзащя, домовлешсть, floroeip ощнювати допомагати бути присутшм на пленарному засдатп нагороджувати усвщомлення, об1знашсть, знания ban (n)
ban (v) basics be aware of be based on be concerned with be engaged in be in favour of be intended for be mistaken benefit (n) benefit (v) brief bulletin / notice board calculate calculation capacity carry out (on) certificate certificated certification certified (document, product, specialist) certify chair (v) chairperson / chairman / chairwoman claim claim one’s right to clarify one’s point of view classified ad collaboration to collaborate collaborative (effort, work, project) comment on В заборона забороняти основи усвщомлювати базуватися на мати справу з, бути пов’язаним з бути залученим бути за (когось, щось) призначатися, бути призначеним помилятись користь, вигода, прибуток отримувати користь стислий, короткий дошка оголошень С обчислювати обчислення, шдрахунки об'ем, емшсть, потужшсть, сггро-можшсть виконувати, проводити грамота, свщоцтво, довщка, сертификат, посвщка дипломований; той, що мае вищу квал1ф1кащю шдтвердження, сертификат^ зав1рений документ, сертифшований (товар), дипломований (спещалкт) п;дтверджувати, зав1ряти, серти-фжувати (прилад, товар тощо) головувати головуючий, -а 1. вимагати; 2. претендувати; 3. амер. заявляти, твердити заявити про CBoi права на щось роз’яснити свою точку зору оголошення про роботу сп1вроб1тництво, сп1впраця ствпрацювати зроблений у cniBnpaui, групою людей коментувати competitor concise conquer conscience consequence consider consideration contribute to contribution cope with countryman craftsman create creation creative creatively criterion (pi-ia) cruel cruelty current (adj.) current (n) curricular activity customer суперник, конкурент чггкий, стислий завойовувати, гвдкоряти COBiCTb, суМЛШНЯ 1. наслщок, результат; 2. висновок; 3. важливють, значения розглядати, вважати розгляд робити внесок внесок впоратись земляк майстер, ремкник творити, створювати створення творчий творчо критерш, Miprnio 1. жорстокий; 2. болюкий, тяжкий жорстоюсть поточний струм програмна даяльшсть клкнт, покупець D damage (n) damage (v) danger dangerous data (pi of datum) deadline deal with decide decisiveness defend defender defense defensive depletion design destroy destruction 1. шкода; 2. пошкодження завдавати збитив; пошкоджувати небезпека небезпечний, загрозливий дат, шформащя крайнш термш / строк мати справу з, стосуватися вир1шувати ршучкть захищати захисник захист захисний виснаження, вичерпування (запасов) проектувати, планувати руйнувати, знищувати руйнування, знищення develop developer development device devote to be devoted to discover discovery discuss distinguish distinguished disuibute do without doubt (n) doubt (v) розвивати, -ся / розробляти розробник розвиток, розробка прилад присвячувати бути вщданим, бути присвяченим
вщкривати вщкриття обговорювати вщзначати, видшяти, розр1зняти визначний, вщомий розподшяти обходитися без сумшв сумшватися Е earphones efficiency efficient eliminate elimination emerge emergence emphasize employ employee employer employment enclose encourage encouragement enlarge on a problem enrich ensure enterprise entertainment environment equip навушники ефектившсть; тех. коефвдент корисноУ дп ефективний 1.усувати (помилки i т. т.); 2.3ни- щувати усунення 1.з’являтися, виходити; 2. виявлятися, поява шдкреслювати, робити наголос найма™ службовець, прац1вник, робггаик працедавець забезпечення роботою, зашипеть, працевлаштування MicTHTH, покласти у конверт заохочувати заохочення зупинитись на проблем! детальнее збагачувати забезпечувати, гарантувати тдприемство 1.розвага;2. веч1рка довкшля, оточення, середовище обладнувати, забезпечувати equipment essential establish / meet / miss the deadline for doing something examination board exchange experience experienced extensive extracurricular activity обладнання важливий, ктотний встановити крайнш термш / вкластися в термш / не вкластися в термш екзаменащйна комк1я обмшюватись ДОСВ1Д досвщчений широкий, просторий позапрограмна, позааудиторна д1яль- HiCTb F facilitate fail to do something field fill in / complete a form in block letters fruitful полегшувати, сприяти не зумгги / не змогти зробити щось галузь, поле, сфера д1яльносп заповнити бланк друкованими т - терами плцший G general / panel discussion go on a business trip / scientific mission grant a patent greediness guidance under the guidance guide загальна дискуск / дискуем спеща- nicTiB i-хати у дшове / наукове в1дрядження видати патент жад1бшсть, ненажерливгсть кер1вництво ш д кер1вництвом керувати Н handle handout hardware harmful hold a post hold a conference hush up оперувати, працювати з роздатковий матер1ал апаратне забезпечення шкщливий, згубний займати посаду проводи™ конференцию замовчувати include increase indecision innovate innovative innovative technologies innovacor Instal', installation institution (n) research institution educational institution institute (v) instructions to give instructions; td instruct instructor instructive insurance integral part interrupt introduction invent invention inventive inventor investigate investigation fundamental investigations to make / carry out / conduct invest- tigations investigative investigator invisible invitation invite involve involvement issue IT (information technologies) I охоплювати збшынувати нер1шучкть впроваджувати Hoei перспективы wei, методи, рашоналЬаторсыапропозшц! рацюншпзаторський, новаторський, шновацшний перспективы технологи' ращонгшзатор, новатор встановлювати, монтувати установка заклад, оргашзацш, товариство науково-дослцщий заклад навчальний заклад засновувати, вводити, започатковувати настанови давати настанови шструктор, викладач (практик) повчальний страхування, забезпечення невщ'емна частина переривати вступ винаходити винахщ винахщливий винахщник дослщжувати достижения фундаментальш достижения проводи™ достижения дослщницький дослщник невидимий запрошення запрошувати м1стити в co6i, залучати до залучення предмет обговорення, проблема шформащйш технологи J judge judgement justice
судити, виносити вирок (ршення) судження, думка, погляд 1хправедливкть; 2.законшсть, право- суддя L
N noviciate, novitiate випробувальний пер1од, учн1вство О obligatory occupation omit a passage / paragraph opportunity outstanding/prominent обов’язковий заняття, фах, р щ занять оминати уривок / абзац слушна нагода, сприятлива можливють видатний
и ultimate values up-to-date ocHOBHi, первинш щннос-п сучасний V value versatile violate violation visual aids vocation vocational voice one’s opinion on цшшсть, важливють, мат. величина багатогранний Порушувати (закон i т. ш.) порушення унаочнення, наочш засоби профес1я професшний висловити свою думку 3 w wander from the subject under debate вщхилятися вад теми дебато wisdom мудркть working language робота мова
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Последнее изменение этой страницы: 2016-04-18; просмотров: 365; Нарушение авторского права страницы; Мы поможем в написании вашей работы! infopedia.su Все материалы представленные на сайте исключительно с целью ознакомления читателями и не преследуют коммерческих целей или нарушение авторских прав. Обратная связь - 18.119.131.178 (0.327 с.) |
