Task 1.42. Read the statements and indicate whether they are true or false (if necessary use additional vocabulary).

1. Every quadrilateral is a rectangle.

2. A rhombus is a parallelogram with two adjacent sides equal.

3. The opposite sides of a parallelogram are parallel.

4. Not every rhombus is a square.

5. A right-angled triangle has several right angles.

6. The intersection pf a plane and a straight line is a point.

7. Two parallel lines lying in the same plane cross.

.UimI

8. In non-Euclidean geometry two parallel lines lying in the same plane may intersect.

9. In non-Euclidean geometry the sum of the angles in a triangle may be more or less than 180 degrees.

Task 1.4З. Read the following sentences and write down mathematical problems:

1. z raised to the power 6 plus 4a divided by 5 is less than 9.

2. The ninth root out of 109 minus 4 cubed is b squared.

3. a divided by b raised to the power 7 is greater than z squared.

4. x raised to the power 6 plus 4 multiplied by b raised to the power 12 minus square

rootof m is 2n.

5. b raised to the 4th minus 5th root out of у divided by a cubed minus b squared.

6. The third root out of z plus x plus 5 squared is greater than 4.

7. x raised to the power n minus 5 cubed is less than a raised to the power 5 plus 4b.

8. The fifth root out of 88 plus 4a divided by (a plus b) cubed is x raised to the power n.

9. a divided by 8 is (b cubed minus ab) raised to the power 5.

10. a minus c divided by x squared plus b raised to the 7th is greater than the forth root
out of b squared.

ADDITIONAL VOCABULARY

 

1.	Adjacent	1.	прилегали
2.	Arbitrary constant	2.	довшьна стала
3.	Elastic	3.	пружний
4.	Equation of the first order	4.	рівняння першого порядку
5.	Euler’s method	5.	метод Ейлера
6.	Influence function	6.	функцк впливу
7.	Intersection	7.	перетин
8.	Hypotenuse	8.	ппотенуза
9.	Opposite	9.	протилежний
10.	Plane	10.	площина
11.	Point	11.	точка
12.	Non-Euclidean	12.	(не) евклщова
13.	Non-homogeneous	13.	(не) однорщний
14.	Non-linear	14.	(не) лшшний
15.	Quadrilateral		чотирикутник
16.	Parallelogram	16.	паралелограм
17.	Rectangle	17.	прямокутник
18.	Rhombus	18.	ромб
19.	Right (acute, obtuse) angle	19.	прямий (гострий, тупий) кут
20.	Rigidity	20.	жорстюсть

Engineering profession

21.	Square	21.	квадрат
22.	Straight line	22.	пряма лнпя
23.	Triangle	23.	трикутник
24.	Variable distribution	24.	змшний розподш '...
25.	Vibration problems	25.	задачі коливань
26.	Vertex	26.	вершина (кута)

Task 1.44. Read the text and present its content in the form of an interview:

The precursor of the Institute of Computer Technologies, Automation and Metro­logy - the Faculty of Automation - was separated from the Radio Engineering Faculty in 1962, and in autumn 2001 it was transformed into an institute. Nowadays the Institute comprises five departments, namely: the Information-Measuring Technologies Depart­ment (founded in 1920), the Department of Automation and Telemechanics (1945), the Department of Precision Mechanics (Mechatronics) Devices (founded in 1962), the Computer Engineering Department (founded in 1963), and the Department of Metro­logy, Standardization and Certification (founded in 1995). The Faculty of Automation was renamed the Institute of Computer Technologies, Automation and Metrology in autumn 2001. It trains experts in computerized systems, metrology and measurement, computer engineering, information security, and precision mechanics (mechatro­nics) devices.

The general direction of the Institute is automation, metrology and information support of production processes, i.e. application of technical means and introduction of control systems that can partly or completely work without any assistance from human workers. The main purpose of automation is to increase labour productivity, to improve the quality of manufactured goods or to relieve people of performing monotonous or dangerous work. Modem plants and factories are equipped with computer-controlled machine-tools, computerized systems inspecting the quality of manufactured goods, data-communication systems, ar.d precision mechanics (mechatronics) devices.

Automation has penetrated into all spheres of human activity, that is why graduates of the Institute are able to find jobs at any manufacturing enterprise. To cope with the tasks facing future specialists in automation, the students should acquire pro­found knowledge in both general and special subjects. Junior students are instructed in physics, mathematics, descriptive geometry, foreign language and some other subjects. Senior students master special subjects according to the speciality chosen: measurement

UnitI

of electrical (voltage, frequency, resistance etc.) and non-electrical (temperature, pres­sure, dimensions etc.) quantities, remote control and telemetering, fundamentals of cal­culating techniques, programming, fundamentals of communication theory etc.

The students of the Institute are provided with everything they need for their studies. The laboratories and study-rooms are equipped with modem facilities and teaching aids. The students have an opportunity to attend lectures delivered by expe­rienced professors and assistant-professors, conduct their lab experiments, learn how to handle devices under the guidance of experienced teachers, and take industrial training at large enterprises to gain expertise in a specific branch of industry. From the first year of study the students are involved in the research work and are given a chance to take part in seminars and scientific conferences.

The ICTA is one of the leading institutes at Lviv Polytechnic National University. It has established profitable education and research cooperative links with well-known European and North-Ameracan technical universities, and takes part in different scientific conferences around the world. Its graduates are highly qualified specialists in automation, telemechanics, metrology, standardization, certification, precision mechanics (mechatro-nics) devices, data-measuring techniques, computerized systems, computer engineering and information security. Over a hundred students enter this Institute every year to receive up-to-date training, including international students. The best students are involved in the international education exchange programme with Ilmenau Technical University and receive there the German Engineer Diploma. The ICTA also offers postgraduate teaching for those wishing to gain higher degrees. At the Institute there is the Doctor of Science Award Committee responsible for examining dissertations and conferring research degrees in 4 subject areas. The courses are taught by highly qualified staff. There are also engineering researchers who assist in advanced practical training. Lecturing staff and students are actively engaged in research work. The Institute possesses all the necessary facilities to support courses at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels, including well-equipped laboratories occupying a total area of 1200 square meters. The training of specialists meets world standards. Many graduates of the Institute have become academicians, executive directors, chief engineers at manufacturing enterprises, honoured scientists and inventors, winners of state prizes in Ukraine and abroad.

Task 1.45. Before reading the text, match the Ukrainian word combinations with their English equivalents:

A. 1. потенщометрична установка, 2. державна атестащя, 3. nepeeipica держав­
ного еталону, 4. електроругшйна сила, 5. авторське свщоцтво, 6. вшдарю-
вальний перетворювач, 7. термоперетворювач опору, 8. переносний прилад,
9.цифровий щитовий прилад, 10. чутливий елемент, П.сершний широко-
діапазонний мкт, 12. компенсатор постшного струму, 13. проходити довго-
тривалу переддипломну практику.

B. a) verification of the state primary standard, b) inventor’s certificate, c) portable
device, d) thermal converter of resistance, e) production-type wide-range bridge,
f) digital switchboard device, g) potentiometric installation, h) dc (direct current)

Engineering profession

compensator, i) state certification, j) measuring transducer, k) to take long-term pre-diploma training, 1) electromotive force, m) sensor, sensing element.

The Information-Measuring Technologies Department is the oldest at the Institute of Computer Technologies, Automation and Metrology. The course in electrical measurements has been conducted at our higher school since 1892, but this Department (as an independent unit) was separated from the Department of Electrical Machines in 1920. From 1930 till 1941 it was headed by Prof. V, Krukovsky whose practical activity was connected with the work of the famous firm SIEMENS. The department is known to have been generously provided with the latest measuring devices produced by the firm, which enabled it to become a scientific metrological centre. In the 1930s the first potentiometric installation for state certification of electric measuring devices was created, and an installation for verification of the state primary standard of electromotive force was also developed here. At that time Assistant-Professor V. Kochan, an outstanding expert in the field of resistance devices and electromotive force, began his half-a-century-long work at the Department.

In 1973 the Department created a metrology group at the student construction bureau under the guidance of Assistant-Professor Y. Shmorgun. In the 1980s the Department equipped its study-rooms with IBM personal computers to intensify the educational and research processes, and introduced computer-aided design systems for the development of measuring devices.

The fruitful research and designing work carried out by the staff and students of the Department has been embodied in numerous inventor’s certificates. Most of the inventions have found wide application in industry, among them: production-type wide-range bridges, dc compensators, potentiometers, measuring transducers, sensors for thermal converters of resistance, universal P4833 portable measuring instrumentation, F-566 digital switchboard devices, and many others.

The Department trains experts in metrology and measurement. It has concluded agreements on scientific and educational cooperation with a number of technical higher schools of Germany, Great Britain, Canada, Poland and the USA. That’s why students and scientists of the Department have an opportunity to take long-term pre-diploma training or scientific probation in Germany and Poland.

Task 1.46. Before reading the text, match the Ukrainian word combinations with their English equivalents:

A. 1. користуватись великим попитом, 2. автоматизоваш системи управлшня,
3. пщтримувати традищк 4. творчий колектив, 5. працевлаштування, 6. гонка
озброєнь.

B. L computerized control systems, 2. arms race, 3. creative team, 4. employment,.5. to

be in great demand, 6. to maintain traditions.

The Department of Automation and Telemechanics came into being in March 1945. Though World War II was still raging in Central Europe, our people began to restore the national economy, and the Department helped the country to accelerate the

Unit1

process by training highly-qualified specialists. Besides, in the post-war period, sti­mulated by the arms-race and space exploration, IT (information technology) emerged as a new field of science to be investigated and developed. A lot of prominent scientists, Professors and Doctors of Technical Sciences, are known to have worked at this Department, among them were: K. Karandeyev, B. Sinitsyn, B. Shvedsky, N. Shumilovsky.

The scientific and research traditions of the Department are maintained by the present generation of scientists: Prof. M. Havryliuk, Honored Inventor of Ukraine Prof. V. Dudykevych, Prof, N. Samotiy and many others. The members of the Department proved to be an extremely creative team, having developed a digital voltmeter, portable microprocessor pyrometer and other automation and measuring devices.

The Department trains experts in such specialties as computerized systems, information security, and computer engineering. Here students take courses in the following subject areas: automation and telemechanics, automation and control in technical systems, computerized control and automation systems. It has a number of study rooms and laboratories equipped with modern computers and other devices, where students have an opportunity to deepen their knowledge and develop professional skills. And, of course, they take their practical training at leading enterprises of Lviv region and Ukraine. As a rule, the graduates of the department have no problems with employment as experts in this field are in great demand.

Task 1.47. Before reading the text, match the Ukrainian word combinations with their English equivalents:

A. 1. no6yroBi прилади (техшка), 2. керування роботою двигуна та шших систем
автомобшя, 3. робототехніка, 4. тепловйор,' 5. мшрохвильова тч, 6.касовий
апарат, 7. техшчне обслуговування і ремонт, 8. пристрш для зчитування штрих-
коду, 9. жорстмсть поверхш, 10. мипатюршсть, 11. оргтехніка,

B. 1. maintenance, 2. infra-red imager, 3. microwave oven, 4. diminutiveness,
5. domestic appliances, 6. office mechanization facilities, 7. control of car engine
and other systems performance, 8. checkout till, 9. robotics, 10. bar-code reader,
11. surface rigidity (stiffness).

The Department of Precision Mechanics (Mechatronics) Devices was founded in 1962 on the basis of the Department of Machine Parts. For more than 30 years it belonged to the Mechanical Engineering Faculty, but in 2001 the Department was transferred to the Institute of Computer Engineering, Automation and Metrology, because most precision mechanics devices are intended for automation, measurement and computerisation.

Nowadays computers can be found everywhere: from power plants and factories to schools and homes. Having come into being as a result of the development of science, computers, in their turn, affected every field of science and technology, causing the emergence of new trends such as, for example, computer mechatronics (COMPUTER + MECHAnics + elecTRONICS). This interdisciplinary branch uses achievements in

Engineering profession

43

precision mechanics, electric engineering, electronics, automation, robotics, informatics, optics and medicine. <

Students of mechatronics deal with technological equipment designed for production and installation of electronic devices, microprocessor devices intended for control of car engine and other car systems performance, instrumentation for measurement of mechanical quantities (weight, geometrical dimensions, surface rigidity). They are trained to be experts in design and maintenance of domestic appliances (washing machines, microwave ovens, refrigerators, vacuum cleaners, video- and audio-recorders), optical and mechanical apparatuses such as photo- and video-cameras. Students of this department acquire knowledge and practical experience in handling biomedical apparatuses and medical equipment (such as tomograph, cardiograph, infra-red imager etc.), service facilities (electronic scales, bar-code readers, checkout tills etc.), office mechanisation facilities (scanners, printers, facsimile and Xerox apparatuses), and so on.

The characteristic feature of mechatronics articles is their diminutiveness, which creates certain material, structural and technological problems to be solved by experts in this field. That’s why graduates of the Department are in great demand on the labour market.

Task 1.48. Before reading the text, match the Ukrainian word combinations with their English equivalents:

A. Ьперетворення та передача даних, 2. кженер з техобслуговування, 3. продаж та

доставка, 4. обслуговувати, тримати в доброму сташ, 5. шженер-програшст, 6.виклик, 7. шженер апаратного забезпечення, 8. складний, 9. добре обізнаний, 10. виявлення та усунення несправностей, 11. безнадшно застарший;

B. 1. hardware engineer, 2. challenge, 3. software engineer, 4. troubleshooting, 5. so-

phisticated, 6. sale and delivery, 7. data conversion and transfer, 8. desparately obsolete, 9. to maintain, 10. network support engineer, 11. well-versed.

Computer Engineering Department. Those, who look for a well-paid job, know that nowadays computer literacy is a required skill for a specialist in any branch of industry. Looking at bulky machines of the 1960s, few people could foresee that it would take computer less than half-a-century to become an essential part of our everyday life. Among these few people were teaching staff of Lviv Polytechnic who founded the Computing Engineering Department in 1963. It was quite a challenge, because computer engineering proved to be the most dynamically developing field of human knowledge. As computers are getting more and more sophisticated, the society needs highly-qualified experts able to design, produce, operate and maintain computers.

At this department, students take courses in computer components, programming, data conversion and transfer, computer networks and information security. The Department has its own computer laboratories where students may perfect their professional skills, though most students either have computers at home or attend computer clubs.

UmrI

Graduates of this Department can work as: (1) hardware engineers who develop computers and their components, or are involved in manufacturing, installation and testing of computers; (2) computer network support engineers who are responsible for troubleshooting, i.e. location and elimination of faults in networks; (3) software engi­neers who design, test and improve programs; or (4) computer sales persons who advise potential customers, which hardware to buy, and organize its sale, delivery, installation and testing. In general, those who have chosen computer engineering as their future profession should be well-versed in the latest achievements in this field, as both hardware and software are being constantly upgraded, and five-year-old computer technologies are considered to be desperately obsolete.

Task 1.49. Before reading the text, match the Ukrainian word combinations with their English equivalents:

A. 1)переносний цифровий термометр; 2) промислове виробництво; 3) ком­
плект; 4) нашвпровщниковий перетворювач; 5) вологоюр; 6) витрати енер-
гоносйв; 7)зразкові засоби вимірювання; 8) программ і anaparai методи;
9) еталон; 10) техшчний контоль за яюстю продукт*.

B. a) semiconductor transducer; b) complete set: c) reference measuring devices;
d) quality inspection; e) program and apparatus methods; f) portable digital
thermometer; g) basic (primary) standard; h) industrial production; i) consump­
tion of energy carriers; j) hydrometer.

The Department of Metrology, Standardization and Certification was

founded in December 1995, with Prof. P. G. Stoliarchuk at the head. The teaching staff is considered to be academically strong. It consists mainly of professors and assistant-professors. The members of the staff not only deliver lectures and supervise students’ work in the laboratories, but also carry out scientific research and develop apparatus and devices to be introduced into mass-production. Some members of the Department are known to have developed portable digital thermometers to be used as a complete set with semiconductor and thermo-electrical transducers. Besides, a lot of other devices developed at the Department are sure to find wide application in industry, among them are: hydrometers, pyrometers, and meters for evaluation of consumption of energy carriers and various kinds of energy.

At the Department, third-year students take courses in the following special disciplines: fundamentals of metrology and measuring techniques; theoretical metrology, technology and design of measuring devices, fundamentals of digital and microprocessor techniques etc. To consolidate their theoretical knowledge and to acquire practical skills, students are to carry out experiments in the laboratories of the Department. Here students get acquainted with program and apparatus methods of testing, computerized systems of experimental investigation, basic standards and reference measuring devices.

The Department maintains close relations with industrial enterprises and research institutions of Lviv region, and provides students with an opportunity to have industrial training at Lviv Plant of Electric Measuring Devices, Lviv Centre for Standardization

Engineering profession

and Certification, confectionary firm “Svitoch”, Lviv Institute of Automobile Industry, and many other enterprises.

The Department trains specialists for many branches of national economy. Its graduates may work as metrologists, engineers at quality inspection and certification departments of different plants, engineers of Consumer Rights Protection Service and Customs Inspection Service, tax-police inspectors, as well as experts in metrology and standardization in food and tool-manufacturing industries. The most gifted graduates take postgraduate courses and become lecturers at higher educational establishments, and continue doing their research work.

Task 1.50. Suppose, all students in your group decided to apply for a part-time job according to your future qualification, after reading the announcement in a newspaper. The job is well-paid, but the company has only one vacancy. It means that you will have to compete for the job. After submitting your applications, you are to be interviewed by the would-be employer. Be frank, answering the following questions, and then choose one student (with the most positive image) as a successful candidate for the job:

Education:

1. Are you doing well at the university?

2. Are you studying subjects essential for your future profession?

3. Have you ever taken part in any scientific seminars, conferences or competitions?

4. Are you engaged in any kind of research work?

5. Have you ever written course projects?

6. Do you do your homework regularly?

7. Is your knowledge of English sufficient for reading scientific information presented in

this language?

8. Do you know any other foreign languages?

9. Do you always pass exams successfully?

Work Experience:

10. Do you often operate a computer?

11. Are you familiar With many different computer programs?'

12. Have you ever taken on a job (of any kind) before?

Personal Details:

13. Do you always come to lectures in good time?

14. Do you avoid missing lectures at the university for no good reason?

15. Are you engaged in any cultural or social activities at the university?

16. Do you avoid conflicts with your fellow students or teachers?

17. Are you against smoking, taking illegal drugs, and alcohol abuse?

18. Is your vocabulary normative? Do you avoid using abusive, bad language?

19. Are you a dutiful person?

20. Do you often help your fellow students with their studies?

____________________ __________ Unit 1

The unsuccessful candidates should draw conclusions and take actions for improving their image before participating in the real competition for a job. Success attend you!

Task 1.51. Before reading and discussing the text with your fellow students, match the following Ukrainian word combinations with their English equivalents:

1. буд1велый конструкцц, 2. будовельне виробництво, 3. автомобшып шляхи,

4. будавельна механика, 5. сантехшка, 6. галузева лабораторм, 7. кафедральна
науково-дослщна лабораторк, 8. державний орган з сергафшацп буд1вельних
матерал1в, вироб1в та конструкщй, 9. випробувальна лаборатор1я, 10. буд1вельно-
монтажш робота, 11. реконструкщя буд!вельних об'екпв, 12. природокорис-
тування.

1. Reconstruction of installations; 2. State body for certification of building materials, items and constructions; 3. sanitary engineering; 4. testing laboratory;

5. nature management; 6. building constructions (building structures, structural
constructions); 7. structural mechanics; 8. civil engineering and installation work;
9. civil engineering production; 10. departmental research laboratory; 11. motor roads;
12. applied-research laboratory.