Quantifiers: all, every, most

1. All animals need food. All fruit contains sugar. All (of) the animals in this zoo look sad. The animals all looked sad.

2. Everybody is here. Everything is very expensive.

3. Mostpeople live in cities.

Most ofthe people in this class are women.

4. All of us work hard and most of us come to class every week.

5. Every room has a bathroom. I work every Saturday.

1. use all or all (of) the +a plural or a uncountable noun.

All=in general, all (of) the=specific

All can be used before a main verb (and after be).

2. All can’t be used without a noun. Use everything/everybody,+a singular verb, e.g. Everything is very expensive.

3. Use most to say majority. Most=general; most of=specific.

4. We often use all/most of +an object pronoun, e.g. all of us, most of them, all of you, most of it.

! every and all+time expressions: every day=Monday till Sunday. All day=from morning to night.

No, none, any

1. Is there any milk? Sorry, there is no milk. There isn’t any (milk).

2. Is there any food? No, none. / there is none.

3. Come any weekend! Anyone can come.

But none of us hungry.

1. Use no+a noun and a +verb, or any+noun+-verb to refer to zero quantity. Any can also be used without a noun.

2. Use none in short answers, or with a+verb to refer to zero quantity. You can also use none+of+pronoun/noun.

3. Use any (anything, anyone, etc.) and a +verb to mean it doesn’t matter when, who etc.

Both, neither, either

1. Both Pierre and Marie Curie were scientists. Neither Pierre nor Marie was/were aware of dangers of radiation. Marie Curie wanted to study either physics or mathematics. In the end she studied both subjects at the Sorbonne in Paris.

2. She and her husband both won Nobel Prizes.

3. Neither of them realized how dangerous radium was.

Use both, either and neither to talk about two people, things, actions, etc. both =A and B; either=A or B; neither=not A and Not B.

1. Use a +verb. The verb is plural with both, and either singular or plural with neither.

2. When both refers to the subject of a clause it can also be used before a main verb.

3. We often use bot/either/neither +of+object pronoun, e.g. us, them, etc.or+of the+noun.

EXERCISES

Rephrase the sentences of the text by using quantifiers.

Leisure time

Everybody sometimes has a free time. Somebody prefers only to sleep in their leisure time, but most of us prefer to do a great number of interesting things. It may be reading, various types of sport games, watching TV, listening to music and so on. If we have a few day or a week we prefer to go to the attractive places. Many people think that pupils and student’s have too much leisure time, but in my opinion, they are wrong. We are very busy. Many pupils have six or seven lessons a day and go to school five or six days a week. Even during weekend we learn our lessons. And we just have no time to go somewhere. Oldest of us are working after school or institute. As for me, a large part of my free time is devoted to reading. I like to read books about another countries, another times and another worlds. Also I read books about history of our country. Besides reading I like to do physical exercises. Me and my school friends often gather after school and play basketball, football or other active games. But my favorite hobby is travelling. Usually I travel in summer and often it is a trip to the south, to the warm sea. I think all people must have other occupations besides their basic work, because it extends the bounduries of the familar world and teaches us something new about people and things.

2. Write a short story about how you and your friends spend leisure time. Use quantifiers: all, every, every day, all day, both, either, neither etc.

Short story writing tips:

· Introduction: introduce characters, setting, time, weather, etc.

· Initiating action: the point of a story that starts the rising action.

· Rising action: events leading up to the climax or turning point.

· Climax: the most intense point or turning point of the story.

· Falling action: your story begins to conclude.

· Resolution: a satisfying ending to the story in which the central conflict is resolved—or not! You don't have to write your short story in order. If you have an idea for a great conclusion, write it down. Move backward or forward from your starting idea (it may or may not be the beginning of the story) and ask yourself questions. “What happened before this?”, “What happens next?”

Pre-listening activities

Getting together with friends on group date can be a fun activity, especially when you like hanging out with people, but you aren't interested in a serious relationship. In such situations, what kinds of activities do you like to do with your friends (e.g., going to watch a movie, playing video games, hiking, etc.).

 

While-listening activities