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XIV. Make up five sentences from each table.

Поиск
I do not learn German.
He does not go to school on Sunday.
She (doesn’t) play hockey in summer.
We (don’t) like this film.
You   read that newspaper.
They   work here.
     
Had I learned the poem   by Monday?  
He decorated the building   by that time?  
She washed the dishes by the time you came?
We moved there    
You seen her    
They prepared the report  

 

I said   that if I had finished school.  
He thought   He built the plant.  
She wrote   She bought a tape recorder.  
We asked We left Far East.  
You   You won the game.  
They   They solved the problem.

Unite 6

Text A. Law - making in Great Britain.

Text B. Law - making Process in the USA.

Grammar:

Present Perfect Continuous

Past Perfect Continuous

Text А.

I. New words and word combinations

to introduce a bill – винести на розгляд законопроект

to amend – вносити поправки

to consider- розглядати

to alter- змінювати

to examine in detail – ретельно розглядати

to pass a bill- прийняти законопроект

to curtail – скорочувати, обмежувати

reigning monarch – правлячий монарх

royal assent – королівська санкція

purely- чистий, без домішок

merely- майже

consent- згода

persistent- наполегливий

popular- актуальний

Statute Law – писаний закон

II. Read and translate the text.

Law- making process in Great Britain

New legislation in Britain usually starts in the House of Lords. In each House a bill is considered in three stages, called readings. The first reading is purely formal, to introduce the bill.

The second reading is usually the occasion for debate. After the second reading the bill is examined in detail by a committee.The bill is then returned to one of the Houses for the report stage, when it can be amended. If passed after its third reading, it goes to the other House. Amendments made to a bill by the House of Lords must be considered by the Commons. If the House of Commons does not agree, the bill is altered, and sent back to the Lords. In the event of persistent disagreement between the two houses, Commons prevails.

Finally the bill goes to the reigning monarch for the royal assent. Nowadays the royal assent is merely a formality. In theory the queen could still refuse her consent, but the last monarch to use this power was Queen Anne, who vetoed the unpopular Scottish Militia Bill in 1707.

Whilst a law is still going through the Parliament it is called a Bill. There are two tipes of Bills – Public Bills which deal with matters of public importance and Private Bills which deal with local matters and individuals.

Public and Private Bills are passed through parliament in much the same way. When a Bill is introduced in the House of Commons, it receives a formal first reading. It is then printed and read a second time, when it is debated but not amended. After the second reading the Bill is reffered to a committee, either a special committee made up of certain members of the House, or to the House itself as a committee. Here it is discussed in detail and amended, if necessary. The Bill is then presented for a third reading and is debated. If the Bill is passed by the Commons it goes to the Lords, and provided it is not rejected by them, it goes through the same procedure as in the Commons. After receiving the Royal Assent the Bill becomes an Act of Parliament. In order to be enforced, it must be published in Statute form, becoming a part of Statute Law.The power of the Lords to reject a Bill has been severely curtailed. A money Bill must be passed by the Lords without amendment within a month of being presented in the House.

Exercises

III. Give English equivalents of the following words and word combinations:

перше читання

майже формальність

можливість для обговорення

повернути законопроект

доповнення

мати перевагу

скорочувати

IV. Answer the questions:

1. Which House does new legislation usually start in?

2. What are the stages of new legislation?

3. What two types of Bills do you know?

4. Who has the right of veto?

5. What is the role of the House of Lords in law- making

process?

6. Which of two houses of Parliament has more power?

V. Give the synonyms to the following words and make up sentences:

to start; to examine; purely; to refuse; to return; to pass;
an assent; unpopular; in the event of; a bill; to settle.
                 

VI. Make sentences, using suitable prepositions:

to ask; to listen; to search; to wish;
to explain; to remind; to speak; to think.
to knock; to say; to wait;  


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