Complete the sentences with the words of the active vocabulary.

1. At last the judge pronounces the ….

2. Sherlock Holmes featured a detective using a number of … methods.

3. A … is an investigator either a member of a police agency or a private person.

4. Evidence collection helps in … (-ing form) a potential suspect.

5. Sometimes evidence helps to … the innocent.

6. Testimonial evidence refers to any…

5. The verbs below can all be used to form nouns. Find in the text the words which have related meanings and make up your own sentences with them. Pay special attention to where the stress is .

Example:: To lead – a leader (n.) e.g. Who is the leader of this political party?

to compare, to record, to identify, to investigate, to examine, to present

6. Give the English equivalents for the following word combinations:

Допит свідків, отримати визнання, скоїти злочин, підтвердити свідчення, звільнити невинного, встановити ідентичність, місце злочину, представити речні докази, покластися на інформаторів, вирішити справу, перевірити докази, потенційний підозрюваний.

 

7. Complete the words using definitions

A person injured or killed or made to suffer	_ i _ _ _ m
The judgement of a criminal court stating what punishment is to be given to a person convicted of a crime	_ e _ t _ _ _ e
A person who has committed a crime	o _ _ e _ _ _ r
Allowed by law, not contrary to law	_ _ g _ _
To find out and examine all the facts in order to obtain the truth	_ n _ _ s _ _ g _ _ _
Everything which helps to show how a crime happened	_ v _ _ _ n _ _

8. Translate articles of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine:

Стаття 102. Органи досудового слідства

Органами досудового слідства є слідчі прокуратури, слідчі органів внутрішніх справ, слідчі податкової міліції і слідчі органів безпеки.

 

Стаття 115. Затримання слідчим підозрюваного у вчиненні злочину

Слідчий має право затримати і допитати особу, підозрювану у вчинені злочину, за підставами і в порядку, передбаченими статтями 106, 106-1 і 107 цього Кодексу.

IV. GRAMMAR FOCUS

Point out sentences with Participles I in the text and explain the use.

Make up sentences according to the model.

Model: He helped me a lot/ to provide medical assistance to my uncle.

He helped me a lot by providing medical assistance to my uncle.

1. Forensic science serves the administration of justice/ to provide scientific support in the investigation.

2. Scientific expertise serves the administration of justice / to provide evidence to the courts.

3. An investigator obtains a key-element of the crime / to identify a potential suspect.

V. SPEAKING

1. Work in group:

· Discuss what the necessary aspects are to be considered in the investigation of a crime? Use key words (scene, evidence, witness, informant, to rely on, to collect, to arrest, to question).

· What is the main function of a crime laboratory? What questions of investigation does a scientific lab help to answer?

· Why is an investigation of a crime scene so important?

· Explain in other words what testimonial evidence is.

· Why do victims not report their crimes to the police?

· Is there any link between IQ and crime?

A crime was reported last night. Look at the list of the objects, then in pairs decide how these objects are related to the incident reported: picture frame, CD, purse with cash, golden bracelet. What do you think happened?

 

Unit 3 Crime Investigation Section 2 Investigators, Detectives. Identification Methods

I. LEAD-IN

1. Answer the following questions:

What types of evidence do you know?

What are the essential qualities of a successful investigator?

2. Match the following English words and expressions with their Ukrainian equivalents:

 

	search and seizure	A	Зброя
	Firearms	B	пошук і захоплення
	Tire marks	C	Трасеологічні докази
	trace evidence	D	Відбитки шин

 

TEXT 2

Read the text to understand what information is of primary importance or new for you.

Notes:

warrant – ордер, посвідчення

spent bullet – стріляна куля

cartridge case – гільза

projectile - снаряд

Investigators, Detectives. Identification Methods

 

In most countries detectives may obtain their position by competitive examination covering such subjects as principles, practices and procedures of investigation; interviewing and interrogation; criminal law and procedures; applicable law governing arrests, search and seizures, warrants and evidence; police department records and reports; principles, practices and objectives of courtroom testimony; and police department methods and procedures.

Detective Police, also called Investigations Police (USA) are responsible for investigations and detective work. Detectives are plainclothes investigators who gather facts and collect evidence for criminal cases. They conduct interviews, examine records, observe the activities of suspects, and participate in arrests.

Mass media have done much to create a romanticized version of the detective. Their counterparts do exists in real life but the modern detective may easily be someone who sits at a computer screening lots of methods used in commission of a crime or who tests samples for DNA identification. Most detectives are trained in modern investigative techniques and in the laws of evidence and criminal procedure. They spend most of their time on paperwork and hours of interviewing.

Most police investigations begin at the scene of a crime. There are some types of evidence that is located and recovered at a scene: 1) Impression evidence includes fingerprints, tool marks, footwear, fabric impressions, tire marks and bite marks. 2) Biological evidence includes blood, body fluids, hair, nail. 3) Trace evidence includes paint, glass and fibres. 4) Firearms include weapons, gun powder patterns, casings, projectiles, and cartridges. Experts are particularly adept in the microscopic examination of spent bullets and cartridge cases.

The use of DNA profiling is regarded as reliable asfingerprintingto check the unique characteristics of an individual. Fingerprints (also includes palm prints and bare footprints) are the best evidence to place an individual at the scene of a crime. The identifying fingerprint pattern dusted with powder could be seen and photographed or digitally recorded. By comparing fingerprints at the scene of a crime with the fingerprint record of suspected persons, absolute proof of the presence or identity of a person can be established.

If using the method of DNA analysis, then blood can be matched back to an individual with a high degree of probability. DNA profiling can positively identify an individual from a specimen of blood, hair roots etc.

In the Scientific community the crime scene investigator is accepted as a forensic specialist. His specialty is considered a professional organized step by step approach to the processing of a crime scene. Extensive study, training, and experience in crime scene investigations are needed for the investigator to be proficient in the field. He must be a specialist in all areas of recognition, documentation and recovery of physical evidence that may be deposited at the scene.

 

 

II. DEVELOPMENT

Find in the text the information on

a) types of evidence at the scene of a crime;

b) methods of identification;

c) professional qualities of an investigator.

Fill in the table with the words from the text

Fingerprinting	DNA profiling

Tell what proficiency of an investigator includes.

4. Complete the following sentences according to the information from the text:

1. To obtain a position of an investigator one has to pass an examination on such legal subjects as...

2. Investigator’s job includes...

3. At a scene of a crime some types of physical evidence may be recovered such as...

4. Fingerprinting is a method of...(-ing form).

5. Modern detectives spend most of their time on…(-ing form).

Explain why recovering and collecting physical evidence is important in the investigation of a crime?

Insert one of the following words into the text in an appropriate form.

What Makes an Investigator?

instinct, competent, search, intelligence, field-criminalist, witnesses, fingerprints, evidence

Investigation means a …. That's why the duty of an investiga­tor is to search for the truth, for the offender, for … who help to reconstruct the event and will present evidence of it in court.

The duties of the investigator together with the … are to find, to collect and to protect evidence, such as …, footprints, and other traces of the criminal act.

Every good investigator should be intelligent, …, patient, tactful, composed, and persistent, but he should be firm if it is necessary. He must also possess special investiga­tive aptitudes and professional …. The quick and accurate solution of crime depends largely on the personal ef­forts. It also depends on his education, his … and his decision-making judgements.