Глагол to have в английском языке

 

Как самостоятельный глагол to have в настоящем времени имеет 2 формы:

have для всех лиц, кроме 3-го лица единственного числа

has для 3-го лица единственного числа

I have We have

You have They have

He/ she/it has

В прошедшем времени глагол to have имеет форму had, в будущем - shall have, will have.

Значение этого глагола - "иметь, владеть, обладать". Часто в разговорной речи вместо have, has употребляется словосочетание have got, has got (краткие формы 've got и 's got) с тем же значением, особенно когда речь идёт о временном владении или только что приобретённом предмете или предметах:

Примеры:

We've got a nice flat.

Have you got any pets?

 

В вопросительной форме в британском варианте языка глагол to have часто стоит перед подлежащим, в американском варианте вопросительная и отрицательная формы всегда образуются с помощью вспомогательного глагола do:

Примеры:

Have you two sons? (брит.)

Do you have a lot of free time? (амер.)

Отрицание выражается формой глагола to have с отрицанием not или с отрицательным местоимением no:

I haven't got a pen.

I have got no pen here.

Сокращенные формы:

has not = hasn't

have not = haven't

had not = hadn't

Распространённые сочетания с глаголом to have

to have a lesson / a lecture / a meeting - посещать урок / лекцию / собрание

to have breakfast / lunch / dinner - завтракать / обедать

to have a rest / a swim / a wash - отдохнуть / поплавать /постирать

to have a drink / a cigarette / a day off - выпить / выкурить сигарету / иметь выходной день

 

Упражнение 1. Заполните пропуски личными формами глагола to have.

 

1.... you any paper? -1 am sorry. I... no paper.

2. They... no French magazines.

3. Miss Cabston... no family of her own.

4. Mike and Jane... a new flat.

5. Miss Evance... a new coat.

6. My friend... no telephone.

7.... your children many toys?

8.... you any questions?

 

Упражнение 2. Поставьте предложения в вопросительную форму и дайте краткие ответы.

1. Не has a headache.

2. You had many German books.

3. They will have a form.

4. This woman has a black cat.

5. Little Ted has very many balls.

6. The students will have a seminar tomorrow.

7. We had an English class yesterday.

 

Упражнение 3. Поставьте следующие предложения в отрицательную форму.

 

1. Danny has a new computer.

2. I have ninety stamps.

3. My parents have a big house.

4. This man has fifty English books.

5. They will have an exam in Literature next month.

6. My brother has a wife and two children.

7. She has got a new cap.

 

Упражнение 4. Переведите предложения на английский язык

 

1. У вас много книг по истории (on History)? - Да.

2. У вашего друга есть гараж (a garage)? - Нет.

3. У него большая семья? - Нет. Их трое.

4. У Мэри есть дети? - Да, у нее двое детей.

5. У них есть стой сад? - Да.

6. У этого пpenодавателя много групп? - Да, у него 5 групп.

7. У вас есть какие-нибудь журналы? - Да.

8. У него есть виды Лондона (pictures of London)?

9. У нас нет фермы.

10. У него нет жены.

11. У нас нет свободного времени.

12. У моей жены нет летней шляпы (summer hat).

13. У них нет занятий по немецкому языку сегодня.

14. У его сестры нет детей.

15. У их сына нет велосипеда.

16. У нас нет лекций сегодня

 

Упражнение 5. Поставьте английские предложнения в отрицательную (-) и вопросительную (?) формы и определите функцию глагола “to have”.

 

1. My brother has got a family.

2. They have their English in the morning.

3. We have a good collection of books at home.

4. Ann has a comfortable flat.

5. We usually have porridge for breakfast.

6. My parents had a telephone in their old flat.

7. She’s got a son and a daughter.

8. My children have a lot of friends.

9. Ben had some money on him yesterday.

10. Cranny has a very comfortable arm-chair in her room.

11. Mary had two children then, but now she has got three.

12. My father often has a lot of work to do.

13. He had a lot of work to do last week.

14. I always have enough time to help him.

15. His little son often has cold.

16. He has got cold now.

17. My grandfather is having a walk in the park.

18. We had breakfast at 8 o’clock yesterday.

19. Don’t make a lot of noise. Ann is having a rest.

20. Nick had colds last week.

21. The pupils had a dictation yesterday.

22. The pupils are having a dictation in class now.

23. The Palmers had a little garden around their country house.

24. We had a good time the day before yesterday.

25. Tom has a shower in the morning.

26. I want to have a cup of coffee.

27. He is having a cigarette.

28. I’ve got a camera and I want to take some photographs.

29. We have got a map so we can find our way to his house.

30. I met Ann in the street yesterday. We stopped and had a chat.

 

Упражнение 6. Заполните пропуски соответствующей формой глагола to have в настоящем неопределенном или прошедшем неопределенном времени.

 

1. We usually … six lectures a week, but last week we … eight lectures.

2. Last winter was very cold. We … a lot of snow.

3. My brother … holidays in summer, but he … holidays in autumn last year.

4. They … a cottage in the country two years ago.

5. The tourists … a long journey. They were very tired.

6. Kate … a funny dog. Its name is Spot.

7. Their room is light. It … three windows.

8. I am happy because I … a lot of friends.

9. It was summer. I … a lot of free time.

10. Ann and Bess were at work yesterday. They … a lot of work.

11. Nick is a hunter. He … two dogs.

 

Упражнение 7. Выберите правильный вариант ответа.

 

1. My grandmother … a teacher.

a) Am

b) Is

c) Are

d) Will

2. You... nine years old.

a) Am

b) Is

c) Are

d) Will

3. Ann … got two brothers.

a) Is

b) Have

c) Has

d) Are

4. … you got a pen?

a) Are

b) Have

c) Has

d) Is

5. It … very cold yesterday.

a) Is

b) Was

c) Were

d) Will be

6. They … pupils in 1990.

a) Are

b) Were

c) Will be

d) Was

7.... you be at the party tomorrow?

a) Are

b) Did

c) Will

d) Have

8. We … very late for the concert.

a) Was

b) Will be

c) Is

d) Did

9. Jane … a birthday party last Monday.

a) Had

b) Will have

c) Was

d) Has

10. Mary … her breakfast at seven.

a) Have

b) Was

c) Has

d) Is

 

Упражнение 8. Переведите предложения на английский язык.

1. У меня вчера был выходной.

2. У нас в воскресенье были гости.

3. На тебе был (надет) синий свитер.

4. У вас была очень строгая учительница в прошлом году.

5. У нее была отличная поездка.

6. У него было много денег.

7. Они позавтракали в 9 (часов).

8. Это была старая машина. У нее был плохой двигатель.

9.

Упражнение 9. Проанализируйте случаи употребления глагола to have. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Let me have my bill, please.

2. Let’s have breakfast at her place.

3. Let him have my books.

4. When can we have some rest?

5. Do you want to have beef or fish?

6. Would you like to have a cup of coffee with me?

7. I have got a part in the play.

8. What about to have a walk together?

9. Let me have a smoke.

10. I do not speak English very good but let me have a try.

11. Usually in the mornings I have a bath.

12. Can I have a cup of hot tea because I have a cold?

13. She had a heart attack.

14. We’ll have no more of that.

15. He has a table in his room.

16. Sorry, I’ve got to go now.

17. I am glad to have you back!

18. I have no doubt.

19. She has nothing to say.

20. I would like to have you up to my office.

21. I have my day off every Friday.

22. She has her hat on.

23. We have to go.

24. Let me have his name.

Упражнение 10. Прочитайте и переведите текст.

How to succeed in your studies

Create a game plan for each study session.

One way to succeed when you study is to have a solid game plan before each study session. This will ensure that you’re focused, that you meet your goals, and that your sessions are productive. Block off your studying in 15 or 30-minute chunks of time and write a list of what you will do during each time period, whether you’re studying flashcards, reviewing your notes, or taking practice tests. This will keep you from feeling overwhelmed or unmotivated.

Having a list that you can check off will make you more motivated. You’ll feel accomplished and focused as you check each item off your list.

Plug your study sessions into your schedule.

Another important method for succeeding in your studies is to make sure that you have a planner and that you block off study time in advance. You should make sure to make time for studying most weekdays and even on the weekends, when it’s necessary. Though you don’t want to bite off more than you can chew, you want to avoid filling your calendar with social events and extracurricular activities and ending up with no time to study.

If you make a point of blocking off time to study, then you won’t end up planning social events during that time, which will keep you from studying. You may not even realize that your social calendar is booked until you try to make time for your studies.

You can even set a monthly schedule to make sure you take your material week by week, especially if you have to review for a big exam.