Тема 5.3. Популярные виды спорта Великобритании.

Упражнение 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст. История регби и крикета.

Sports in Great Britain

Most people in Great Britain are real sport-lovers. Even if they don't go in for sport, they like to talk about it. Perhaps, you didn't know, but many kinds of sport have taken the origin in Great Britain. Cricket, football, rugby, tennis, table tennis, badminton, squash, canoeing and snooker were invented in Britain.

Britain's national sport is football or soccer. It was played there as far back as medieval times. Nowadays it has become the most popular game all over the world. There is no national football team in Great Britain. England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland have their separate football clubs, which compete in European and World Cup matches.

English football fans are fond of most exciting games which are held between teams from the same city. For example, between Manchester United and Manchester City, Arsenal and Chelsea from London.

There are plenty of amateur association football clubs. Many schools form their own football teams, offering students an opportunity of entering prestigious universities according to their sport achievements.

There is a certain type of football called rugby. The game is called so because it was originated at Rugby — a well-known English public school. As well as common football it is a game played by two teams of fifteen players each. The game takes place on a field 100 metres long and 80 metres wide. There are goal posts at both ends of the field. Rugby is played with an oval or egg-shaped ball which can be carried by hands and kicked. The ball is passed from hand to hand in order to be thrown across the goal line. It is a rather violent game, that is why the players must be big and strong. Another requirement for the players is to wear helmets, masks and chest and shoulder padding.

Cricket is a popular summer sport in Britain. There are many cricket clubs in the country. Cricket players wear a certain uniform — white boots, a white T-shirt and white trousers. One cricket game takes a terribly long time. There are two teams of 11 players each and test matches between national teams can last up to 5 days. The spectators have to be very patient. The game is played on a pitch with a wicket at each end. The rules of the game have changed over the years. It is a game which is associated with long sunny summer afternoons, the smell of new-mown grass and the sound of leather ball beating the willow cricket bat. Cricket is more popular among men, but it is also played by women and girls.

Tennis is another favourite sport of the Englishmen. People all over the world know Wimbledon which is the centre of lawn tennis. It is the oldest tennis tournament in the world considered by many people to be the most prestigious. It takes place over two weeks in late June and early July. Wimbledon is known for its traditions — strict white dress code for competitors, the absence of sponsor advertising around the courts and some others. Every tennis player dreams of taking part at this tournament.

Golf is a game of business community. In Great Britain it is very common to establish good business relations playing golf. The equipment for this game is quite expensive as well as the entrance to a prestigious golf club, so not everyone can afford it. Golf is a ball and golf stick game played on a natural field. In this game one has to knock a ball into a hole.

There are a lot of other popular sports in Great Britain, for example, horseracing, croquet, swimming, running, cycling and rowing.

 

Упражнение 2. Переведите предложения с русского на английский.

1. Какие товары экспортирует ваша страна?

2. Над чем вы смеетесь? — Том рассказал нам смешную историю.

3. Он никогда не пропускает занятия без уважительных причин.

4. Мои родители сейчас на море. Они хорошо проводят время.

5. Что ты ищешь? — Ключи от машины.

6. По - чему ты меня не слушаешь? Это очень важно.

7. Неужели ты не любишь футбол? Это такая захватывающая игра.

8. Я завтра встречаюсь с Аней. Мы играем в теннис.

9. Что ты здесь делаешь? — Просматриваю новые журналы. Я делаю это каждую неделю.

10. Почему вы изучаете английский? — Собираюсь поехать за границу на несколько месяцев. Кроме того, английский мне нужен для научной работы.

11. 0 чем они говорят? — Думаю, они обсуждают итоги конференции.

12. Ты мажешь выключить телевизор. Я не смотрю его.

13. Кто присматривает за твоими детьми, когда ты на работе? — Как правило, моя мать. Она сейчас не работает.

14. Почему ты так сердит? Почему ты кричишь на меня?

15. Она не любит мясо, она предпочитает рыбу.

16. В ее диктанте много ошибок, хотя обычно она делает мало ошибок.

17. Конференция начинается 8 июня и заканчивается 14 июня.

18. Где Аня? — Она принимает душ.

19. Почему ты не пишешь ей? — Я не знаю ее адреса.

20. Она не знает, когда приедет ее брат.

21. Ты часто видишь Аню, не так ли? — Нет, она сейчас живет за городом.

22. Сколько иностранных языков знает Джон? — Если не ошибаюсь, два. А сейчас он учит арабский. — Правда? Он нужен ему для работы? — Да. Он собирается в Египет.

23. Следующий поезд отправляется в 10 часов. Ты можешь успеть на него, если поспешишь.

24. Интересно, чем она сейчас занимается.

 

Упражнение 3. Напишите эссе (15 предложений) по теме: «My favourite sportsman».

Упражнение 4. Составьте 10 предложений со словами из лексического минимума.

Лексический минимум

attack — атака

ball — мяч

basketball — баскетбол

block — блокировать

bring the score to — довести счет до

centre forward — центральный нападающий

defender — защитник

defense / defence — защита

draw / tie [ 'tai ] — ничья

even the score — сравнять счет

field — поле

football — футбол

forward — нападающий

goal — гол / ворота

goalkeeper — вратарь

keep score — вести счет

lose a point — потерять очко

open the score — открыть счет

opponent — противник

pass / feed the ball — передавать мяч

penalty — штраф, наказание, пенальти

player — игрок

receive the ball — принимать мяч

score — счет; забить гол

serve the ball — подавать мяч

shoot the ball at the basket — бросать мяч в корзину

volleyball — волейбол

whistle — свисток

 

Тема 5.4. История Олимпийских игр.

Упражнение 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст.

Olympic Games

The Olympic Games are one of the most spectacular reminders of the debt we owe to the Greeks.

The original Olympic Games were held every four years in honour of Zeus, the supreme god of Greek religion. The first record of the games dates from 776 B.C., but it is certain that they existed prior to that. They were held continuously for over 1.000 years until they were abolished in the reign of King Theodosius about 392 A.D. The Olympic festival was a great unifying bond between the Independent city-states of Greece.

The important sports in the original Olympic Games were running, jumping, wrestling, throwing the discus and throwing the javelin. Only men competed and they wore no clothes in order to have greater freedom of movement. Each competitor had to take the Olympic Oath - a promise to behave in a sportsman-like fashion.

The modern Olympic era began in 1894 when Frenchman Baron Pierre de Coubertin decided to revive the ancient Greek tradition of celebrating health, youth and peace with a sports festival. Baron de Coubertin created the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and the first modem Olympiad took place in Athens in 1896. Since then the Olympic Games have been held every four years with only two exceptions because of the two world wars.

Even though the modern Olympic Games embrace the whole world, the connection with Greece is still very strong. A lighted torch is brought all the way from Greece, carried by a relay of runners, in order to light the Olympic Flame which bums all through the Games. As in ancient Greek times, the competitors still take the Olympic Oath. The long-distance race is still called the Marathon. Marathon was a village about 26 miles from Athens. In the year 490 BC the Greeks defeated a powerful Persian army at that spot. After the fierce day's fighting a soldier volunteered to bring news of the victory to the anxious citizens of Athens. He ran all the way and after gasping out the message. "Rejoice, we conquer!" he collapsed and died.

One important rule of the Olympic Games is that the competitors must be amateurs. This rule has been under a lot of pressure in recent years because modem sport is so professional and competitive. Athletes train for years to take part in the Olympics and some countries spend much more than others on equipment and facilities. But despite these pressures, the amateur rule remains.

In modern times the Olympic movement has become an enormous and expensive organisation, It's controlled by the International Olympic Committee, which consists of members from all the participating countries. The IOC is based in Lausanne, Switzerland. It chooses the locations of both summer and winter games (both take place once very four years, with winter games half a year before summer Olympiads). It also controls the rules of the competitions and selects new Olympic sports. The famous flag of the IOC shows five rings of different colours linked together. The rings represent the five continents.

 

Упражнение 2. Сделайте доклад по истории одного из видов спорта.

Упражнение 3. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в форме Present Simple или Future Simple.

1. When I (to see) him, I (to phone) you.

2. If he (to decide) not to do it, he (to be) right.

3. Tell me when she (to come) to visit you.

4. I (to give) it to him when he (to visit) us.

5. You (to pass) your exam if you (to work) hard.

6. We (to go) to the country next week if the weather (to be) fine.

7. As soon as we (to know) results, we (to inform) you.

8. Don’t open the car door before it(to stop).

9. You (not like) this film when you (to see) it.

10. Wait for me till I (to return).

11. As soon as Beth (to phone) me, I (to contact) you.

12. If the weather (to be) fine, my family (to go) on a trip.

13.I (to give) a present if he (to invite) me to his birthday

party.

14. Of course we (to help) you if we (not be) busy.

15. I (to see) my mother before I (to fly) to London..

16. If my daughter (not to come) in time, I (to go) without her.

17. They (to wait) until we (to come).

18. We (not to send) you the money before we (to leave).

 

Упражнение 4. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в форме Present Simple или Future Simple.

1. If the weather (to be fine), the plane (to leave) in time.

2. They (to visit) their parents next month if they (to get) letter from them.

3. Jack (to miss) the train if he (not to hurry).

4. When he (to feel) better, he (to invite) us.

5. She (to finish) her work when she (to be) at the office.

6. What she (to do) when she (to return) home?

7. I (to take) my child to the Zoo if I (to have) time.

8. Nick (to send) us a postcard when he (to get) to Kyiv.

9. They (not to swim) if the water (to be) cold.

10. I (not to go) for a walk before my parents (to come) home.

11. We (to phone) our son when we (to come) home.

12. Tell me when they (to arrive).

13. I (to go) to the country if it (not to snow).

14. She usually (to go) for a walk if it (not to rain).

15. He (not to do) anything if you (not to tell) him to.

16. I (to do) my homework if I (not to be) tired.

17. They (to be) very surprised, when they (to meet) him here.

18. We usually (to have) dinner at two o’clock if mother (to

come) in time. ’

19. When my mother (to hear) it, she (to be) glad.

20. We often (to watch) TV if the weather (to be) bad.

 

Упражнение 5. Составьте 10 предложений со словами из лексического минимума.

Лексический минимум

figure skater — фигурист

figure skating — фигурное катание

ice hockey — хоккей на льду

skating — езда на коньках

skating rink — каток

skiing — езда на лыжах

skiing race — скоростной бег на лыжах

skiing relay — лыжная эстафета

slalom — слалом

speed skating — скоростной бег на коньках