Exercise 14. Pick out participles, gerunds

1. Keeping the secret won’t do any harm.

2. So thinking, he paused before his house door.

3. Adrian, glancing round, suddenly saw Kate.

4. The answer to this was unexpected.

5. Taking his seat, he looked at his watch.

6. All is getting the truth.

7. He entered, puzzled but interested.

8. The young man, having risked his life to save the child, disappeared into the crowd.

9. ‘... my habit of floating very low in water makes people on the shore think that I may be drowning.’

10. Teaching children is useful work.

11. She turned round on his entering the room.

12. Taking the candlestick in his hand, Mr. Pickwick walked quietly downstairs.

13. She can’t bear thinking of it or speaking of it.

14. He was good at gathering mushrooms.

15. Covering her eyes with her hands, she said something very softly.

16. He replaced used ash-trays on the table with fresh and refilled Dodo’s coffee cup, then the others.

17. She had no photographs of herself taken since her marriage.

THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD

 

Exercise 1. Comment on the use of the Subjunctive Mood in complex sentences with clauses of unreal condition. Translate the sentences in to Russian

 

1. If you were me, here and now, what would you do? 2. He was a stranger to George and he was aware that if he met him in the street he would not recognize him. 3. They would enjoy themselves much more if they had a party of their own. 4. I shouldn’t have slept a wink all night if I hadn’t known you were safe. 5. If I were Jim I wouldn’t tell that to the judge. 6. If Howden had been less preoccupied he might have noticed that she seemed unusually radiant this morning. 7. If Miss Emily suffered half as much as she said she did, she would have sent for Dr. Haydock long ago. 8. If you were a man you’d never speak to her again. 9. She was not old and if she had told you that she was forty you would have been quite willing to believe it. 10. If he closed his eyes, he thought, he would visualize the scene. 11. Oh, if he had had the better fortune to appear before another judge, more sympathetic, would the result be different now? 12. If it had been anybody else’s play, he would have rejected it. 13. If he did retire, would anyone notice the difference? 14. Miss Marple interrupted him: “Oh, but they were not on bad terms!” – “You know that for a fact.” – “Everyone would have known if they’d quarreled.” 15. Mum and Dad were so old-fashioned that if I took a girl home, they would consider her visit as good as shouting an engagement from the house-tops. 16. If his wife had gone away and left a note on the pin-cushion, it would be the first he’d known of anything of that kind.

 

Exercise 2. Supply the correct mood of the verbs in brackets

 

1. If I (not to be) what I am, things (to be) so simple. 2. If you (to be allowed) to stay in Canada? What you (to do)? 3. I can only tell you that, if anyone (to suggest) to me yesterday that O’Murphy was a traitor, I (to laugh) in his face. 4. We are foolish and sentimental and melodramatic at twenty-five, but if we (not to be) perhaps we (to be) less wise at fifty. 5. “If it (to be) an accident,” said Sir Henry gently, “I do not think Mrs Bautry (to tell) us this history.” 6. I’m not a doctor. If I (to be), do you think I (to waste) five dollars on you? 7. If I (to be) you I (to do) my hair rather differently. 8. I (not to mind) if he (to say) my pictures were bad, but he said nothing. 9. After all, if he (to have) any talent I (to be) the first to encourage him. 10. I (not to go) if you (not to say) you’d come with me. 11. How it (to be) if I (to drop) around this evening? 12. If only I (to feel) that somebody wanted me, that I was of use to somebody, I (to become) a different person. 13. Your manners are all right. I (not to bring) you here if they (not to be). Don’t be uneasy. 14. If you (to let) me have my way before there (to be) no cause for our trouble tonight. 15. If I (to be) twenty-seven again I suppose I (to be) as big a fool as I was then. 16. Paul believed that his mother never (to say) the things she did if she (to know) that Paul could hear her.

 

Exercise 3. Complete the following sentences using the required Subjunctive Mood

 

1. If you had been at home …. 2. If I were not so busy …. 3. She wouldn’t have done it if …. 4. What would you answer if …? 5. You wouldn’t have fallen ill if …. 6. If he had sent a telegram …. 7. The watch wouldn’t have stopped if ….. 8. If it were not raining ….
9. You would get excellent marks if …. 10. If I had known everything …. 11. If it were not so cold …. 12. I’d have got there long ago if …. 13. He would study much better if …. 14. She wouldn’t say so if …. 15. If we knew him better …. 16. The child wouldn’t be crying if …. 17. If you had managed to escape ….

 

Exercise 4. Comment on the word order in the following sentences. Translate the sentences into Russian

 

1. Had Irene been present, the family circle would have been complete. 2. Had he had time to think about it he would have been certain that he was not told all. 3. It would have been incredible, indeed, had they not been victims themselves. 4. She used to wonder what on earth they would ever do were she to go away or be ill. 5. Jeunne, had she had time to collect her thoughts, would have tried to make some excuse but Louie swept past before Jeunne could say a word. 6. Were it not for the ugly wound upon my hand, all that had passed during those dreadful hours might have been an evil dream. 7. Had I died this morning, they would still be about their business, untouched and uncaring. 8. Hadn’t the doctor told her that it was quite possible she might never have another fit. 9. Had I known who you really were, I should not have invited you to my house last night. 10. You would never have thought had you seen her quarter of an hour later, that so short a while before she had passed through such a weeping. 11. Had he gone to his aunt he would have been sure to meet Lord Hoodbody there. 12. But she also sensed that had he been ill he would have got word to her.

 

*Exercise 5. Translate into English

1. а) Если у него сейчас занятия, нам придется долго ждать. b) Если бы у него сейчас были занятия, нам пришлось бы долго ждать. 2. а) Если я ее увижу в ближайшее время, я, конечно, расскажу ей об этом. b) Если бы я ее увидел в ближайшее время, я бы, конечно, рассказал ей об этом. 3. а) Если он не был это время болен, он посещал тренировки.
b) Если бы он не был это время болен, он бы посещал тренировки.
4. а) Если она смогла выбрать время, она просмотрела ваши замечания. b) Если бы она смогла выбрать время, она бы просмотрела ваши замечания. 5. а) Если вы там бывали, вы знаете, как выглядят эти места. b) Если бы вы там побывали, вы бы знали, как выглядят эти места.

*Exercise 6. Replace the infinitives by the correct form of the subjunctive mood

1. But for the toothache I (to enjoy) the concert. 2. But for him we still (to sit) here waiting for the car. 3. But for my smile he (to believe) me.
4. The children (to sleep) in the open air but for the rain. 5. Nobody
(to recognize) him but for the scar on his left cheek. 6. But for his severe look the child (not to begin) crying. 7. But for the accent with which he speaks nobody (to say) he is not Russian. 8. One (may take) him for a Russian but for the accent with which he speaks. 9. But for the late hour I (to stay) here longer. 10. But for the darkness they (not to lose) their way. 11. But for the fog we (to continue) our way. 12. But for the heavy bag she (to go) there also on foot. 13. I (to read) the book sooner but for the small print. 14. But for his assistance it (to be) impossible to do the work in time. 15. But for the hot climate he (to go) there together with us. 16. But for Fieta Lanny (to see) by Gert in his own house, and something terrible (may happen). 17. Lanny probably (to learn) never that he was the son of old Gert Villier but for Mako and Isaac.

 

Exercise 7. Complete the following

 

A

1. But for the rain the tourists …. 2. But for the late hour we …. 3. I … but for you. 4. The plane … but for the sudden change of weather. 5. But for the fact that we did not know the language …. 6. But for your being so careless …. 7. The Gadfly … from prison but for the fit of sickness. 8. But for his mother’s unhappy marriage to Mr. Murdstone David’s life ….

B

1. Если бы не важность этого дела, я бы остался дома. 2. Если бы не гроза, мы бы уже подходили к вершине. 3. Я бы присоединился к вашей компании, если бы не неожиданный приезд моего знакомого.
4. Если бы не этот веселый и интересный человек, мы бы чувствовали себя неловко среди незнакомых людей. 5. Мы бы так и не узнали, что он за человек, если бы не этот случай. 6. Мы бы все время работали точно по плану, если бы не эта маленькая задержка.