Exercise 2. Complete the sentences from the text.

1. Staying in the indoors, one might prefer ….

2. Rest is ….

3. Leisure means ….

4. Sometimes leisure implies recreation ….

5. At our leisure time ….

 

Exercise 3. Fill in the gap.

1) My friend likes playing … chess. Не spends a lot …time … it.

2) We spent Sunday … the country. We went … there early … the morning and got back … town late … the evening.

3) We decided to ask our friends … dinner tomorrow. … dinner we are going … Central Park.

4) What are we having … dinner today?

5) I don’t want to go … the cinema tonight. My wife and I are going … a walk.

 

Exercise 4. Open the brackets using the necessary tense.

1) Yesterday (to be) my day off. I usually (to wake up) early on my day off, but sometimes I (not to get up) at once. I (to get up) at tight o’clock yesterday.

2) “When you (to have) breakfast yesterday?” “I (to have) breakfast at nine in the morning.”

3) We usually (to stay) in the country over the week-end, but the weather (to be) bad and we (not to go) to the country tomorrow.

4) “when you last (to go) to the theatre?” “Two weeks ago.”

5) I usually (to go) to bed at eleven o’clock. Yesterday my friends (to come) to see me, and I (to go) to bed at one in the morning.

Exercise 5. Tell your group mates about your leasure.

 

Тема: Мой родной город

TEXT A

Ulyanovsk

Ulyanovsk, former Simbirsk, is situated on the mid-Volga, the largest river in Europe. The other river, the Sviyaga, a tributary of the Volga, also runs through the city.

Simbirsk was founded in 1648 as a fortress which defended the eastern boundaries of the Moscow state. In 1924 Simbirsk was renamed Ulyanovsk after V.I. Lenin.

Science its foundation the city has played an important role in Russia as it occupied a favorable strategic position on the Volga. By the beginning of the 18^th century Simbirsk had become famous throughout Russia as one of the richest grain markets on the Volga and as a supplier of fish, caviar, wool and hides. By the end of the 18^th century the city had lost its defensive military importance, its population had become over ten thousand. Sixteen churches and monasteries had been built by that time. The greater part of its buildings was wooden.

Before the revolution there was no industry, no large factories and plants in Simbirsk. But today Ulyanovsk is a great industrial, cultural and educational centre of the Volga area. It has many plants and factories which produce automobiles, motors, machine-tools, footwear and other goods.

The city has many higher educational institutions, special secondary educational institutions and secondary schools. There are two theatres, a philharmonic society, several museums, palaces of culture, stadium in the city.

The best monuments of the past are carefully preserved. Among them are the house where Lenin was born, the houses where the Ulyanovs lived, the Goncharov Memorial house, the monuments to Karamzin and Goncharov and many others.

Vocabulary

A tributary - приток

To be founded - быть основанным

A fortress - крепость

To defend - защищать

Boundaries - границы

Favourable - благоприятный

Grain market - зерновой рынок

A supplier - поставщик

Caviar - икра

Wool - шерсть

Hides - шкуры

Wooden - деревянный

A church - церковь

Philharmonic society - филармония

To be preserved - сохраняться

Exercise 1. Answer the questions:

1. Where is Ulyanovsk situated?

2. When was the city founded?

3. What was Simbirsk famous for?

4. What places of interest in Ulyanovsk do you know?

5. What rivers run through the city?

6. Were there any churches and monasteries before the revolution?

7. Simbirsk defended the western boundaries of the Moscow state, didn`t it?

8. What outstanding people lived and worked in Ulyanovsk?

Exercise 2. Are these statements true or false?

1. Simbirsk was founded in 1647

2. Since its foundation Simbirsk has played an important role in the world.

3. By the end of 18^th century the city had lost its defensive military importance.

4. The greater part of its buildings was wooden.

5. In 1924 Simbirsk was renamed Ulyanovssk after I.N.Ulyanov.

6. The best monuments of the past are care fully preserved.

7. There are four theatres in Ulyanovsk.

 

Exercise 3. Complete the sentences from the text.

1. The other river…

2. Its population had become…

3. But today Ulyanovsk is…

4. Since its foundation the city…

5. The city has many…

6. By the end of the…

7. Among them are…

Exercise 4. Make up your own questions.

1. Simbirsk was one of the richest grain markets on the Volga.

2. Sixteen churches and monasteries had been built by 18^th century.

3. The Sviyaga also runs through the city.

4. Today Ulyanovsk is a great industrial, cultural and educational centre of the Volga area.

5. There are two theatres in Ulyanovsk.

Exercise 5. Translate into Russian.

1. It is a big river port on the Volga.

2. Ulyanovsk is visited by tourists, both from Russia and foreign countries.

3. Ulyanovsk is a beautiful green city.

4. There are many parks where people like to walk.

5. Ulyanovsk is not only a historical and cultural centre, it`s one of the largest industrial cities of Russia too.

Exercise 6. Translate into English.,

1. Ульяновск гордится своим драматическим театром.

2. В Ульяновске много церквей и соборов.

3. Мы можем видеть памятники древней русской архитектуры в Ульяновске.

4. В Ульяновске есть несколько университетов.

5. Я люблю мой родной город.

Text B

My native country (village)

I live in the country. It is my native village. I was born there and have lived all my life in it. My country is situated near Ulyanovsk. It is an old Russian country. It is about 1000 years old. It is a beautiful and green. We are proud of the old church in the centre of the village. We have a school and a museum.

There is a forest near my country where people like to walk, to pick flowers or mushrooms, pick flowers. But people have many cows, sheep and pigs. So every day all the year round the people have to spend much time looking after their animals. They also have poultry and must look after the poultry giving them food and water and collecting the eggs. The people have a lot of all sorts of fruit and vegetables and have also to do some work in the kitchen garden and take care of the fruit trees.

But the country air and plenty of exercise make the young people stronger and better fit for their work at the Institute. I like my country very much. During the week-end the people like to go to our club and amuse themselves, dancing and singing till late at night or looking films.

Vocabulary

To be proud of - гордиться

To be situated - быть расположенным

Church - церковь

Animal - животное

Mushroom - гриб

Poultry - домашняя птица

To amuse - развлекать, веселить

Exercise 1. Answer the questions:

1. What is your native country?

2. Where is it situated?

3. How do people usually amuse themselves?

4. What are you proud of?

Exercise 2. Are these statements true or false?

1. We are proud of the old church in the centre of the country.

2. So every day all the year round the people amuse themselves dancing and singing.

3. The people have a lot of all sorts of fruit and vegetables.

4. It is a beautiful green city.

5. But people don`t have many cows, sheep and pigs.

Exercise 3. Complete the sentences from the text.

1. My country is situated…

2. There is a …

3. We have a …

4. They also have …

5. But the country air …

Exercise 4. Make up your own questions:

1. It is an old Russian country.

2. My country is situated near Ulyanovsk.

3. The people have to do same work in the kitchen garden.

4. We have a school and a museum in my country.

5. There is a forest near my country.

Exercise 5. Translate into Russian.

1. People must look after the poultry.

2. There is a lake near my country.

3. We like to take a boat, row up and down the river and have a pleasant time.

4. If the weather is fine the young people get together in the open air.

5. They can go to the woods to pick flowers or mushrooms.

Exercise 6. Translate into English.

1. Моя родная деревня расположена недалеко от Ульяновска.

2. У нас есть небольшой стадион в деревнею.

3. Я помогала маме ухаживать за домашней птицей.

4. Я люблю работать в огороде.

5. Я часто ходила в лес за грибами.

«Учебно-познавательная

Сфера общения»

 

Тема: Образование в России и за рубежом

Text A

Education in Russia

Citizens of Russia have the right to education which is guaranteed by the Constitution. The public educational system in this country incorporates pre-school, secondary school, specialized secondary and higher education.

Pre-school consists of kindergartens and creches. Children there learn reading, writing and arithmetic. But pre-school education isn't compulsory,children can get it at home.

Compulsory education is for children from 6(7) to 17 years of age.

The main link in the system of education is the secondary school which prepares the younger generation for life and work in modern production. There are various types of schools: general secondary schools, schools specializing in a certain subject, lyceums and so on. Tuition in most of them is free of charge, but some new types of schools are fee-paying. There have appeared many private schools in Russia. Parents pay for these schools and fees are rather high.

The term of study in a secondary school is 11 years and consists of primary, middle and upper stages. The school year extends from September 1 to the end of May and is divided into four terms. Study program in schools is fixed but in the nearest future schoolchildren or their parents will have a choice of study subjects.

Children are accepted to the first grade at the age of 6 or 7, depending on individual development of each child. Students of elementary classes are normally separated from other classes within their own floor of a school building. They are taught by a single teacher through all four elementary grades except for physical training and foreign languages.

At the middle stage of a secondary school the students learn the basic laws of nature and society at the lessons of history, algebra, literature, physics and many others. After 9^th grade students have to sit for examinations. Also they have a choice between entering the 10th grade of a secondary school and enrolling in a specialized secondary or vocational school to get some profession.

Russia is on the stage of bringing new technologies in education. In almost every school there are new models of computers and almost every school has a direct connect to the Internet. The Internet gives an opportunity for remote education with the help of e-mail, special forums and teleconferences.

The Ministry of Education launched the Unified State Examination (USE) program. The set of standardized tests for high school graduates, issued uniformly throughout the country and it has replaced entrance exams to state universities. Thus, the reformers reasoned, the USE will empower talented graduates from remote locations to compete for admissions at the universities of their choice.

Higher education in Russia is undergoing great changes. Russia is in the process of migrating from its traditional education model to a modernized degree structure in a line with Bologna Process model. Russia co-signed the Bologna Declaration in 2003. Russia enacted a law that replaces the traditional five-year model of education with a two-tiered approach: a four-year Bachelor’s degree followed by a two-year Master's degree.

Vocabulary

to guarantee – гарантировать

to incorporate – включать

pre-school – дошкольный

crèche - ясли

to regulate – регулировать

generation – поколение

lyceum – лицей

tuition – обучение

to be free of charge – быть бесплатным

fee – плата (за обучение)

grade – класс

compulsory – обязательный

primary – начальный

stage – ступень

to extend – продолжаться, распространяться

to separate – разделять

term – четверть, условие

choice – выбор

elementary – начальный

vocational – профессиональный

to enroll – зачислять

technology – техника, технология

a connect to the Internet – связь с Интернетом

remote education – дистанционное обучение

physical training – физкультура

to launch – запускать, начинать

Unified State Examination – ЕГЭ

to enact the law – учредить закон

location - местонахождение

graduate – выпускник

high school – средняя школа

entrance exam – вступительный экзамен

to undergo great changes – претерпевать большие изменения

to replace – заменять

two-tiered approach – двухрядный подход

Bachelor’s degree – степень бакалавра

Master’s degree – степень магистра