Past continuous (I was doing)

 

9.	What were you doing at the following times? Write one sentence as in the examples. The past continuous is not always necessary (see the second example).

1. (at 8 o’clock yesterday evening) … I was having dinner with some friends …

2. (at 5 o’clock last Saturday) … I was on a train on my way to London. …

3. (at 10.15 yesterday morning) ………………………………………………..

4. (at 4.30 this morning) ………………………………………………………..

5. (at 7.45 yesterday evening) …………………………………………………..

6. (half an hour ago) ……………………………………………………………..

10.	Use your own ideas to complete these sentences. Use the past continuous.

1. Tom burnt his hand when he … was cooking the dinner …

2. The doorbell rang while I................................................

3. We saw an accident while we.........................................

4. Mary fell asleep while she..............................................

5. The television was on but nobody..................................

11.	Put the verbs into the correct form, past continuous or past simple.

1. Jane... was waiting... (wait) for me when I... arrived … (arrive).

2. “What....................... (you/do) this time yesterday?” “I was asleep.”

3. “........................ (you/go) out last night?” “No, I was too tired.”

4. “Was Carol at the party last night?” “Yes, she ……(wear) a really nice dress.”

5. How fast................ (you/drive) when the accident........... (happen)?

6. John........................ (take) a photograph of me while I …… (not/look).

7. We were in a very difficult position. We...... (not/know) what to do.

8. I haven’t seen Alan for ages. When I last........ (see) him, he …… (try) to find a job in London.

9. I...................... (walk) along the street when suddenly I.......... (hear) footsteps behind me. Somebody …… (follow) me. I was frightened and I................ (start) to run.

10. When I was young, I................ (want) to be a bus driver.

UNIT 25:

THE ARMED FORCES OF UKRAINE

Lesson 6

THE AIR FORCES (AF)

1.s	Try to answer these questions before listening to the text

 

1. What do you understand by the term “air forces”?

2. What branches of the air forces do you know?

3. What types of aircrafts do you know?

4. What are the tasks of the air forces?

 

2.

In this exercise we’ll concentrate on the words and word combinations to be sure you know what they mean

Air Forces -the branch of a nation's armed services primarily responsible for air warfare

superiority – the state or quality of being better, more skillful, more powerful, greater, etc. than others (to have naval/air superiority – more ships/planes than the enemy);

maneuver – a movement to place ships or aircraft in a position of advantage over the enemy;

infrastructure – a term generally applicable to all fixed and permanent installations, fabrications, or facilities for the support and control of military forces;

fighter – a combat aircraft designed to destroy enemy aircraft in flight. It is also used to engage ground targets and for aerial reconnaissance. It is an all-weather supersonic jet aircraft designed to carry missiles, guns and bombs and equipped with electronic systems;

bomber – a combat aircraft designed to destroy targets on land or at sea with missiles or bombs, and to lay mines from the air;

aircraft missile system – a type of aircraft armament which uses missiles to engage ground, air and sea targets;

Air Defence Forces – an Armed Service of the Armed Forces whose role is to protect national administrative, economic and industrial centers and key military installations from air attacks;

air cover – one of the main missions of fighter aviation. Its purposes are to prevent air attacks on friendly land and naval forces and on rear area installations, to prevent enemy air reconnaissance, and also to protect other friendly air units;

interceptor – an air defence aircraft designed to combat enemy air strikes. It is equipped with an on-board multi-purpose radar sight with long-range target detection, guided missiles of short, medium and long range, and guns;

cruise missile - an air-breathing low-flying subsonic missile that is continuously powered and guided throughout its flight and carries a warhead.

3.

Read the text and translate into Ukrainian

THE AIR FORCES (AF)

The main tasks of The Air Forces of the Armed Forces of Ukraine:

-achievements of air superiority;

-covering of forces and objects against enemy air strike;

-the Army and the Navy combat operations aerial support;

-breakdown the enemy maneuver and its transportation;

-landing operations and fight against enemy troops landed;

-aerial reconnaissance;

-air transportation of troops and equipments;

-destruction of enemy military industrial and state objects, communications infrastructure.

The Air Forces of the Armed Forces of Ukraine consists of the components:

Aviation

Bomber Aviation (consists of Tu-22m3, Su-24m aircraft) is the main striking force of the Air Force and intended for destruction of troops, aircraft, the Navy and military-industrial and power objects in strategic and operational depth.

Assault Aviation (consists of Su-25 aircraft) provides air support of ground forces and intended for destruction of enemy troops and ground (sea) targets at the tactical depth of the front line.

Fighter Aviation (consists of Su-27, Mig-29 aircraft) carries out the direct air combat with enemy aircraft and intended for aircraft, helicopters, air cruise missiles and terrain (marine) objects destruction.

Reconnaissance Aviation (consists of Su-24mr, Su-17m4r aircraft) intended for enemy, terrene and weather aerial reconnaissance.

Transport aviation (consist of Il-76, An-24 aircraft) intended for landing operations, troops and equipments air carriages.

 

The Air Defence

Surface-to Air Missile Forces (SAM) are intended to provide the air defense of Ukraine in cooperation with other branches of the Armed Forces.

SAM forces are equipped with different types of anti-aircraft missile (AAM) complexes highly capable to intercept modern air targets of wide range of altitude and speed under any weather conditions and 24 hours per day.

Radar Troops are intended to conduct constant air space radar observation and to provide combat operations of SAM forces and fighter aviation. Radar troops are equipped with modern radar sets capable to detect air targets on high spectrum of their distances and altitudes, to determine their exact coordinates and to provide target designation for SAM forces and fighter aviation 24 hours per day under any weather.

Special Forces, Units, Institutions and Elements of Logistics and Maintenance, Military Educational Institutions are intended to provide combat activity of formations, units and elements of Air Defence branches.

 

4.s	Answer the questions

 

1. What are the main tasks of the Air Forces?

2. What is the principle task of bomber aviation?

3. What is the principle task of assault aviation?

4. What is the principle task of fighter aviation?

5. What is the mission of transport aviation?

6. What are Surface to Air Missile Forces intended for?

5.	Complete the speech bubbles

 

1. The main tasks of The Air Forces of the Armed Forces of Ukraine: achievements of ______________; covering of forces and objects against enemy air strike; the Army and the Navy ______________; aerial support; breakdown the enemy maneuver and its transportation; ______________; and fight against enemy troops landed; ______________; air transportation of troops and equipments.

2. Bomber Aviation is the main ______________; of the Air Force and intended for destruction of troops, aircraft, the Navy and military-______________; in strategic and operational depth.

3. Fighter Aviation carries out the direct air combat with enemy aircraft and intended for aircraft, ______________; and terrain (marine) objects destruction. 4. Radar troops are equipped with modern radar sets capable to ______________; on high spectrum of their distances and altitudes.

6.ó

®

Discuss these questions in pairs or small groups

 

1. What do you know about the history of the Air Forces?

2. How can you characterize the Air Forces of the Armed Forces of Ukraine?

3. What branches of the Air Forces do you know? What are their tasks?

4. What types of aircrafts do you know?

 

7.	Translate words and word combinations into English

 

Авіація (винищувальна, штурмова, розвідувальна, військово-транспортна), протиповітряна оборона, радіолокаційна розвідка, авіаційна підтримка, повітряні перевезення.

GRAMMAR