For industrial purposes  в промышленных целях

Pharmaceutical                                     фармацевтический

To refer                                                  относиться

To overlap                                             совпадать, перекрещиваться

Large-scale                                             крупномасштабный

Refinerу                                                 очистительный завод

Detergent                                              моющее средство

Pulp                                                     целлюлоза

Renewable                                             восполняемый

Gas emissions                                       выделение газов

Mitigating                                             смягчение

Industry performance                           показатели производства

To mature                                   созревать

to yield                                      приносить, давать

Viable solutions                                    эффективные решения

 

Задания

Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст:

Industrial Biotechnology

Industrial biotechnology (known mainly in Europe as white biotechnology) is the application of biotechnology for industrial purposes, including manufacturing, alternative energy (or "bioenergy"), and biomaterials. It includes the practice of using cells or components of cells like enzymes to generate industrially useful products.

The industrial biotechnology community accepts an informal division between industrial and pharmaceutical biotechnology. This may be better understood by calling to mind the classification by the U.S. Biotechnology Industry Organization (BIO) of three "waves" of biotechnology. The first wave, Green Biotechnology, refers to agricultural biotechnology. The second wave, Red Biotechnology, refers to pharmaceutical and medical biotechnology. The third wave, White Biotechnology, refers to industrial biotechnology. In actuality, each of the waves may overlap each of the others. Industrial biotechnology, particularly the development of large-scale bioenergy refineries, will likely involve genetically modified crops as well as the large-scale bioprocessing and fermentation as is used in some pharmaceutical production.

Industrial or white biotechnology uses enzymes and micro-organisms to make bio-based products in sectors such as chemicals, food and feed, detergents, paper and pulp, textiles and bioenergy (such as biofuels or biogas). In doing so, biotechnology uses renewable raw materials and is one of the most promising, innovative approaches towards lowering greenhouse gas emissions.

The application of industrial biotechnology has been proven to make quite significant contributions towards mitigating the impacts of climate change in these and other sectors. In addition to environmental benefits, biotechnology can improve industry performance and product value and, as the technology develops and matures, white biotechnology will yield more viable solutions for our environment. Industrial biotechnology is based on renewable resources, it can save energy in production processes, and can significantly reduce CO2 emissions. The impact that biotechnology has on industry is confirmed by scientific studies and reports. These innovative solutions bring benefits for both our climate and our economy.

 

Задание 2. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:

What term is “white biotechnology” the synonym for?

Industrial biotechnology includes the practice of using cells or components of cells, doesn’t it?

How many “waves” of biotechnology does Biotechnology Industry Organization accept?

What are the most promising, innovative approaches towards lowering greenhouse gas emissions?

Will white biotechnology yield more viable solutions for our environment?

Задание 3. Согласитесь и не согласитесь.

Industrial biotechnology is the application of biotechnology for industrial purposes.

The second wave, Green Biotechnology, refers to agricultural biotechnology.

Industrial biotechnology won’t involve genetically modified crops as well as the large-scale bioprocessing and fermentation.