Exercise 4. Read the text and try to appreciate its humor. Discuss the point with your colleagues.

 

Marion Eppley, developer of the standard cell that bears his name, was credited with the following anecdote:

A young high school student returned one afternoon to the small retail store his father operated in conjunction with a partner.

«Dad,» asked the student, «what are ethics? My teacher said that tomorrow we are going to discuss them.»

«Well,» said the father, «I'll illustrate. Imagine that a man comes into the store to buy a carton of cigarettes. I give him the cigarettes, and he gives me the money. Then, after I've given him his change, he turns to leave and I discover that the $20 bill he gave me seems thicker than usual. On closer examination I find that there are two $20 bills stuck together.

Here, my son, is the whole question of ethics. Do I or don't I tell my partner?»

I'm sure you see Eppley's point.

 

BORROWED PLURAL FORMS:

 

on   a   um	phenomenon — phenomena феномен (явище) феномени (явища)   medium — media засiб — засоби	Also possible:
symposium criterion	symposia symposiums criteria criterions
is → es   a → ae	analysis — analyses аналiз — аналiзи   formula — formulae формула — формули	formula	formulae formulas

 

us → i nucleus — nuclei ядро — ядра	indices   index   indexes
ix → ices index — indices ex індекс — індекси (покажчик — покажчики)

 

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singular	Plural
man woman child tooth goose mouse ox person, human being	Men Women Children Teeth Geese Mice Oxen people, human beings, humans
	Aircraft Encyclopedia Equipment
a piece of information a piece of news a piece of advice a piece of furniture	Information News Advice Furniture

 

Exercise 5. Pluralize the following words:

 

radius, crisis, antenna, appendix, criterion, stimulus, encyclopedia, prognosis, sanatorium, axis, aircraft, medium, matrix, nebula, phasis, optimum, syllabus, supernova, synthesis, spectrum, thesis, equipment, maximum, hypothesis, equilibrium, millennium, oasis, curriculum, phenomenon, analysis.

 

Exercise 6. Translate the following sentences.

 

1. There are infinitely many bases to choose from.

 

2. You may first wish to try a few examples to illustrate that formula.

 

3. There are many interesting results concerning matrices.

 

4. Unfortunately, formulas like the ones above do not come easily.

 

5. There did not remain any questions.

 

6. This is the least acceptable variant.

 

7. The latter procedure is much more complicated than the former one.

 

8. There are a lot of differences among languages.

 

9. Elevator makers believe that their cars can carry passengers up to at least 180 floors.

 

10. We do not have enough information at present to offer sound answers to these questions.

 

11. They have sufficient information from which to draw a conclusion.

 

12. The reaction accelerated fivefold.

 

13. These features are also important in a wide variety of applications.

 

Chapter 2

Text B. Scientific prefixes

 

Let's meet zetta, yotta, zepto and yocto. They are not fundamental particles, they are prefixes on the scientific scale of quantities denoting, respectively, a billion trillions, a trillion trillions, a billionth of a trillionth, respectively — укр. вiдповiдно and a trillionth of a trillionth. Nobody has found much practical use for them yet, but they exist if you need them, according to decisions of the Conference Generale des Poids et Mesures, the international body that meets every four years to govern the realm of scientific units.

 

10^1 deka or deca (da), from Greek deka ten,	10^-1 deci (d), from Latin decimus, tenth
10^2 hecto (h), from Greek hekaton, hundred,	10^-2 centi (c), from Latin centum, hundred
10^3 kilo (K),, from Greek chilioi, thousand	10^-3 milli (m), from Latin mille, thousand
10^6 mega (M), from Greek megas, large,	10^-6 micro,from Latin micro -(Greek micros), small
10^9 giga (G), from Greek gigas, giant,	10^-9 nano (n),, from Latin nanus (Greek nanos), dwarf
10^12 tera (T), from Greek teras, monster,	10^-12 pico (p),, from Spanish pico or Italian piccolo, small
10^15 penta (P), from Greek pente, five	10^-15 femto (f),, from Danish-Norwegian femten, fifteen
10^18 exa (E), from Greek hex, six	10^-18 atto (a), from Danish-Norwegian atten, eighteen
10^21 zetta (Z), from Latin septem, seven	10^-21 zepto (z), from Latin septem, seven
10^24 yotta (Y), from Greek or Latin octo, eight	10^-24 yocto (y), from Greek or Latin octo. eight

 

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