Discussion of lesson 13. Simple present Tense negative

T e a c h e r: There are one or two things to notice about Lesson 13. It says "Mr. Priestley is not a young man, but he is not old". So the opposite of old is young. But isn't there another opposite of old?

M r. A: Yes, there is new, isn't there? The opposite of "an old book" is not "a young book", but "a new book".

 

OLD YOUNG NEW

T e a c h e r: That is quite right. Notice, too, the two uses of old:

1. He is an old man. 2. The boy is five years old.

M r. B.: It says, "Mr. Priestley is tall". What is the opposite of tall, please?

T e a c h e r: The opposite of tall is short. Here is a tall man and a short man.

M r. C.: Do you say, "Mr. Lengthy has 77 inches", or "Mr. Littleman has only 62 inches?"

T e a c h e r: No, we don't say that· we say, "Mr. Lengthy is six foot1 five inches tall", or "Mr.

Littleman is only five foot two"2, or "Mr. Priestly is six feet". And speaking of a person's age we say "Mr. Priestley is forty-four years

old", and not "Mr. Priestley has Mr. Littleman Mr. Lengthy

forty-four y ears". is short. is tall.

1 ll.Jrn six feet five.

2 Mbr qacTO orrycKaeM CJIOBO inches (i1;roil:Mbr).

 

1.LllOHM = 2,540 CM 1 CM = 0,394.LllOHMaM

M i s s D.: Isn't there another opposite of short? The oppo­ site of "a short stick" isn't "a tall stick, is it?"

T e a c h e r: No, you are quite right. The opposite of "a short person" is "a tall person;" the opposite of "a short thing"is "a long thing". For example:

A short stick. A long stick.

I am going for a short walk. My friend is going for a long one. M i s s D.: Mr. Priestley works very late, too late, I think.

Perhaps he doesn't know the saying: "Early3to bed, early to rise, Makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise".

T e a c h e r: Oh, yes, he knows it, but he doesn't believe it.

Do you, Miss D?

M i s s D.: No, I don't believe it. I go to bed early and rise early. I am healthy, but I am not wealthy and not very wise. M i ss E.: The lesson speaks about Mr. Priestley being strong, meaning "with a strong character". Do you use the same word

for a man with a strong body?

 

 

MR. ARMSTRONG MR. FEEBLE

 

3 Early HBJIHeTCH aHTOHHMOM K cnoBy late.

T e a c h e r: Oh, yes. Here you are:

Mr. Armstrong has strong arms. He is a very strong man. Mr. Feeble is not strong. His arms are very weak. He is a weak man.

M i s s F.: Can you speak of strong tea or strong coffee?

T e a c h e r: Oh, yes; and strong drink and strong language. M i s s F.: Mr. Armstrong is a tall, strong man. Is he, then,

a big man or a great man?

T e a c h e r: A big one, not a great one. M i s s F. What is the difference, please?

T e a c h e r: Well, it is rather difficult to put into a few words; but, in short, one is of the body, the other is of the spirit and character of a man. Bigness is a bodily thing; greatness is a spiritual one. A great man can have, like Lord Nelson, a weak body; but he has a strong spirit. A big man can have bodily strength, but spiritual weakness.

M i s s F.: Thank you; I quite see the difference now.

M r. H.: In the lesson we read about Mr. Priestley's dark brown hair and dark blue suit. What is the opposite of "dark" brown and "dark" blue?

T e a c h e r: "Light" brown and "light" blue.

M r. H.: "Mr. Priestley is always well-dressed". Another man is not well-dressed. He is - what?

T e a c h e r: Well, what do you think? M r. H.: I think "badly-dressed".

T e a c h e r: And that is quite right. Next question, please? M i s s D.: Mr. Priestley is "rather thin". What is the oppo-

site "of thin", please?

T e a c h e r: Well, it depends on the sentence. The opposite of "a thin man" is "a/at man'', of "a thin cow" is "a/at cow"; but the opposite of "a thin book" is "a thick book". So we could say: "One stick is short and thick; another one is long and thin". M i s s D.: "Mr. Priestley is good-looking and handsome".

Can you use those words to describe girls or women, as well as men?

T e a c h e r: Yes, you can. But generally we speak of girls as "pretty" or "beautiful".

M i ss E.: But do you speak of men as "pretty" or "beautiful"? T e a c h e r: Oh, no never.

M r. B.: Is there a difference between "The girl is pretty" and "The girl is beautiful"?

T e a c h e r: Yes, I think so. "Pretty" is pleasant to the eye or ear. Some new dance-music is pretty, but the music of Beethoven or Handel or Tchaikovsky is beautiful.

M i s s F.: Yes. The pictures in a newspaper can be pretty, but the pictures of Raphael and El Greco, Rembrandt or Turner, are beautiful.

T e a c h e r: Quite right. Beauty is rather like greatness: it is a spiritual thing. It is in the spirit of a man, and it comes out in his work, or it is in the character of a woman, and it comes out in her face. Do you understand the difference now, Mr. B.?

M r. B.: Oh, yes, Iknow the difference now. Nearly all girls are good-looking; some are pretty; a few, a very few, are beau­ tiful.

 

R P A M M A H1 K A

THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE NEGATIVE

Ompuu.ame.tibHbte npeiJ1toJ1CeHUR 6 npocmoM nacmoaw,eM BpeMenu

,Il)rn o6pa3oBamrn oTpiui;aTeJihHhIX rrpeM02Kemi:fl: B rrpo­ CTOM HaCTOH:rn;eM BpeMeHM MH BCex rnarOJIOB, (3a MCKJIIoqe­ HMeM rnaroJIOB to be, can M HeKOTOphIX,lJ,pyrMx) Mhl ynoTPe6- JIHeM rnaroJI do c OTPMU:aTeJibHOM qacTMIJ;eM not M MHqJMHMTMB rnarona. HarrpMMep:

YmBepiJum. <}JopMa Ompuu.am. <}JopMa

Iteach Ido not teach

you come you do not come

he teaches he does not teach

they work they do not work

it moves it does not move

B pa3roBope MhI qacTo coKpa:w;aeM do not)J,O don 't M does not)J,O doesn 't.

I } {

you do not

we (don't)

they

Ompuu.ameAbHaH <}JopMa

tkenaocwh he }does not {

speak she,

write it (doesn t)

work

 

teach know speak write work

 

l

BOT e:w;e PM rrpHMepoB (c,ll;BYMJI Q:>opMaMH - rronHoii H KpaTKOM pa3roBOpHoii):

We do not (don't) say that (p. 85).

Perhaps he does not (doesn't) know the saying (p. 86). He knows it but he does not (doesn't) believe it (p. 86) I do not (don't) believe it (p. 86).

John does not (doesn't) do his work every day.

The students do not (don't) do their work every day. Do not (don't) open the window, please.

Please do not (don't) open the window.

T T P EHHP O BK A

06pa3yiiTe B03MO)l(Hble KOM6HHa1IHH (Bcero 45):

I

make coffee

I

you

Mr Priestley we

the dog

1 don't doesn't

swim

smoke cigarettes work late at night believe the saying climb mountains eat ices

drink tea

answer the question

BoT e:w;e rrpHMep 1>1 OTpHI1aTeJI1>H1>IX oTBeToB:

Question Answer

Does Mr. Priestley speak Chinese? No, he doesn't. Does he live in Liverpool? No, he doesn't. Do the students come to the class No, they don't.

every day?

Do you speak English very well? Does John do his work well?

No, I don't. No, he doesn't.

 

TOO (mo:J1Ce, maK:J1Ce, C.llUlllKOM)

BHIIMAHIIE: pa3JIHqHoe yrroTpe6neHHe cnoBa too.

1. I come to the class; my friend comes too.

There are English boys at the hotel, and Norwegian boys too. He speaks English and French, and Spanish too.

2. Mr. Priestley works late, too late, I think. That work is too difficult for a young boy. You are never too old to learn.

I Cno s oc o l!ET A HHSI

In short,... You are quite right.

It depends on... What do you think?

I PA & O T A c o cn o B A MH

CnoBo dance MO)KeT 6bITh

(1) cym,eCTBHTeJibH b M

Iam going to a dance.

Put it into a few words. A few.

This is one of the new dances.

(2) rJiarOJIOM

They dance very well together. Can you dance?

(3) npuJiaraTeJI&Hb M

Some new dance-music is pretty. Henry plays in a dance-band.

CYIIJ;ECTBMTEJihHhIE II IIPII.JIAI'ATEJihHhIE

Ilpll.llaz. healthy wealthy great

Cyw,ecm. health wealth greatness

Ilpll.llaz. bodily spiritual wise

Cyw,ecm. body spirit wisdom

() OnH OK O P E HHblE cn o B A

believe - believer - belief - disbelieve

I believe he is a good teacher.

Iam a believer in getting up early.

The earth goes round the sun. That is the general belief

It is difficult to believe his story, but Ido not want to disbe- lieve him.

use1(v.) - use (n.) - useful - usefully - useless

You can use my pen.

It is no use trying to write without ink. That is a useful book.

He lives useju,lly and happily. He does a lot of useless work.

thank(v.) - thanks(n.) - thankful - thankfulness Thank you for the use of your pen.

Give your friend my thanks for the use of his book.

Iam very thankful to be well again.

Iam full of thankfulness at being well again.

 

I 06panue BlillMaHF!e Ha pa3HF!Izy B I!pOll3HOIIIeHF!ll. Use MOJK:eT 6b Th

F!MeHeM cynreCTBMTeJibHb M (rrpOM3HOCMTCH LJU:s]), a TaJOKe rnaroJIOM (rrpo­ ll3HOCMTCH uu:z]). B CJIOBax useful (ly), useless cornaCHhlll s rnyxoit

Y nP A >K HE HIHI

YCT HOE YIIPAXH EHllE

I. OTBeThTe ua cJie,!l,yroue Bonpoch1 (a) yTBep,!l,nTeJihHO (uaquuaJI c "Yes..."), (6) OTpHIJaTeJibHO (uaquuaJI c "No...''), HCUOJib3YJI Kpanme cl>opMb:

1. Does the man work in the field?

2. Do the men work in the fields?

3. Does she make good coffee?

4. Do they make good coffee?

5. Do you make good coffee?

6. Is the man very handsome?

7. Does he read many books?

8. Is he reading a book now?

9. Does he speak English?

10. Do they speak English?

11. Can she speak English?

12. Can they speak English?

13. Do you go to bad early?

14. Does he go to bed early?

II. 06pa3yiiTe OTpu11aTeJibHbie npe,!1,JIO:HCeHHJI, HCUOJib3YJI KpaTKYIO cl>OpMy.

Mr. Pristley Mary

you they Paddy I

the little boys

IJpUMep:

teach(es) English. know(s) French. speak(s) Spanish. write(s) Polish. work(s) late.

go(es) to the class. do(es) much work.

Mr. Pristley doesn't speak Spanish.

They don't work late, etc. (Bcero 49 rrpe)J)IO)KeH 11li).

III. 06pa3yiiTe 0Tpu11aTeJihHh1e npe,!l,JlmKenHJI:

1. The man works in the field.

2. She makes very good coffee.

3. They make very good tea.

4. Please close the door.

5. The man is very handsome. (3aecb ompuu,anue 06pa3y­ emcR no apywu Moae11u. Eyabme 6HUMame/lbHbt 6 npea110- J1CeHUJlX 8, 10, 14, 19).

6. He reads many book.

7. The waiters do their work well.

8. He can speak English very well.

9. She writes a letter every day.

10. The students have new books.

11. I go to bed very early.

12. The boy swims to the big rock.

13. The boys swim to the big rock.

14. The girls are playing tennis with their fathers.

15. The girls play tennis with their fathers.

16. The dog sleeps all day in the hotel.

17. I climb big mountains.

18. Harry climbs big mountains.

19. Harry is climbing the big mountain.

20. I know all about the negative of verbs.

IV. Ha30BHTe IDITh 11,BeTOB u ucnOJih3yilTe am CJIOBa B nplf,!Q'MaHHhIX BaMu npe.!iJIO:lKeHIDIX.

V. HaJoBnTe,!l,Be xopomue Be111,u u,!l,Be Belll,H npocTo BeJIHKOJienuh1e. HcnOJih3yilTe Ka:lK,!l,Oe H3 CJIOB B coocTBeHHhIX npe.!iJIO:lKeunHX.

VI.)J;aii:Te auTOHHMhIK CJie,!l,yl0111,HM CJIOBaM: strong, tall, late, thick, dark, young, right, warm, big, far, short, good, high, new.

Ilplf,!Q'Maii:Te npe.!iJIO:lKeHIUI c 3THMH CJIOBaMH.

 

,lJ;HKTaHT

Strong men are not always tall; small people are not always weak; it depends on the person. A man may be weak in body but strong in character. He can have spiritual strength with bodily weakness.

Beauty is rather like greatness. It, too, is in the character of a man or a woman and this spirit in men and women gives the world its great music, books, and pictures.

 

 

OnumuTe 3TY KapTHHKy:

 

Coquueuue

 

LESSON 16

SUBJECTS AND OBJECTS

y pH,rl;a MeCTOMMemru cyru;eCTBYJOT)],Be <t>opMb: O,Il,Ha, KOr,Il,a MeCTOMMeHMe Bb C'fYilaeT B KaqecTBe cy6neKTa (rro,n:Jie:xrnII1e­ ro) K rnaro.rry M BTOpaH, KOr,n:a OHO HB.IDieTC51 o6neKTOM (,n:o­ IIOJIHeHMeM) rnaroJia.

BoT HeCKOJibKO oqeHb rrpocTbIX rrpe,n:JIO)KeHMM. B rrepnoli KOJIOHKe HaXOMTCH cy6neKTbIrnaroJia. B qeTBepToli KOJIOHKe Haxo,n:HTCH o6neKThIrJiaroJia. Kax.n:oMY cyw;ecTBMTeJihHOMY, 51B.IDIIOIIIeMYC51 cy6neKTOM MJIM o6neKTOM, COOTBeTCTByeT CBOe MeCTOMMeHMe (,n:aHHOe B CK06Kax):

 

Cy6TJeKm The teacher	Mecm. (I)	DiazoJl sees (see)	06TJeKm the boy	Mecm. (him)
The boy The girl	(he) (she)	sees sees	the teacher the teacher	(me) (me)
The teacher	(I)	sees (see)	the girl	(her)
The boys	(they)	see	teachers	(us)
The teachers	(we)	see	the boys	(them)

MecTOMMeHMe, 3aMeII1aIOII1ee cy6neKT (MJIM rro,n:Jie)KaII1ee), CTOMT B MMEHMTEJihHOM rra,n:e)Ke (MMeeT HOMMHaTMB­

HYJO <t>opMy) (nominative).

MecTOMMeHMe, 3aMeII1a10II1ee o6neKT (MJIM,n:orroJIHeHMe), CTOMT B OBbEKTHOM rra,n:e)Ke (MMeeT o6neKTHYJO <l>OPMY)

(objective).

IlocJie rrpe,n:Jiora MeCTOMMeHMe BCer,n:a CTOMT B o6neKTHOM rra,n:e)Ke.

BOT Ta6Jim1a,n:nyx <t>opM (rra,n:e)Kelf) MeCTOMMeHMli:

Nominative Objective Nominative Objective

(UMenumeAbHbtii) (061Je1Cmnb1ii) (UMenumeAbHbtii) (061Je1Cmnb1ii)

I	me	it	it
you he	you him	we they	us them
she	her

MecTOMMeHMH CTOHT B MMeHMTeJibHOM rra,n:e)Ke, KOr,Il,a OHM 51B.IDIIOTC51 cy6neKTaMM rnaroJia (MJIM IIO,n:Jie)KaIIIMMM). MeCTOMMeHMH CTOHT B o6neKTHOM rra,n:e)Ke (1)' KOr,IJ,a OHM 51B.IDIIOTC51 o6neKTaMM (,Il,OIIOJIHeHMHMM) rnaroJia; (2) - IIOC­

Jie rrpe,n:Jiora.

HMenum. I'JlaWJl.

I know

06TJeKm.

him and Iwrite

IlpeiJJloz 06TJeKm.

to him

You know

me and you write

to me

 

He	knows	her	and he writes	to	her
She	knows	us	and she writes	to	us
We	know	them	and we write	to	them
They	know	you	and they write	to	you

fJiaroJihI IIpe,DJiorn:

 

 

OE'hEKTbl ()J;QIIOJIHEHIUI)

HeK0Topn1e rJiaroJihI, rro)J;o6Ho rJiaroJiaM tell, give, qacTo MMeIOT rrpM ce6e)];Ba o6neKTa (objects). KaK rrpaBMJio, O)J;MH M3 HMX HB.IDieTcH JIMllOM, a,11;pyroit - rrpe,11;MeToM. Ha­ rrpMMep:

CyobeKm I'JlazoJl

I am giving

He can tell

061JeKm1(iJonoJlnenue)

(1) (2)

the student a lesson you the answer

 

WE HAVE TWO OBJECTS

 

Y nP A >K HE HHSI

I. YKIDKUTe, r,11,e B cJieilYffi npe,!1,JIOJKeu1n1x cyfu.eKThI(no,!l,Jle1101111ue)

H r,11,e o6'heKThl(,11,0DOJIHCHHR):

1. Mr. Priestley is reading a book.

2. He teaches French and German.

3. You can see him in the picture.

 

1BHl1MAHl1E: Ha rrepBOM MeCTe CTOllT KOCBeHHoe.[(OIIOmielille (JllilI­

Hb H o6'beKT); Ha BTOpOM - rrpHMOe.[(OIIOJIHelille (6e3JIWIHb H o6'beKT)!

4. He is writing a letter.

5. I teach the students in this room.

6. He can speak English.

7. She is wearing a white dress.

8. My sister is giving her the dress.

9. The boy can't tell me his name.

10. I can tell you the time.

II. Pa36enTe npe)J,Jlo1Ke11m1ua cy6'beKT (no)J,Jle1Ka111ee), rJiaroJI uo6'beKT:

Subject Verb Object

3aTeM UO,ll;qepKHUTe MeCTOHMeHIUI y ce6JI B TeTpa,ll;n:

1. He teaches us. 6. He is carrying a ball.

2. She knows me. 7. I am teaching you.

3. It helps them. 8. They are eating ices.

4. We know her. 9. He is reading it.

5. They write it. 10. You are teaching them.

III. B CJ1e,ll;yl0111HX npe)J,JI01KeH1UIX noMeHJime MeCTaMH cy6'beKT uo6'beKT (no)J,JlelKaUiee u,!J;OnoJiueuue). B Tex caHx, r,ll;e 3TO ueo6xo,ll;HMO, H3MennTe cliOPMY maroJia. (N!!l,ll;au B KaqecTBe 06pa311a)

Subject Verb Object

1. OTBeT 2.

3.

4.

5.

I see him

He sees me

He teaches them

She knows us

We help them

I thank her

IV. Bh1qepKHnTe uenpaBHJihHYJO ctiopMy MeCTOHMeuuJI:

1. I write to (he, him) and he writes to (I, me).

2. Mary goes to a dance, and Henry goes with (her, she).

3. We know (them, they) very well, and they know (we, us).

4. I see (she, her) in the classroom, and she sees (me, I).

5. He telephones to(she, her) every day and tells (she, her) the news.

6. He speaks English to (we, us), and (we, us) speak English to (he, him).

7. She speaks English to (I, me), and (I, me) speak English to (she, her).

8. They write to (she, her), and (she, her) writes to (they, them).

• E cp OHEH14 E CK A SI T PE Hlll P OB K A

[i:]

need feed

[3:]

bird third

[e] well tell

[A] [r;:)]

sunny near

Monday ear

[k] clear cornet

[i:] [3:] [e] [A] [m] [k]

believe burn healthy money year 1 column

repeat work wealthy nearly character early instead

0 P A C CK A 3 & E 3 cn o s

Terrep1>, rrocJie TaKoro KOJI11qecTBa Tpy,ri:Horo rpaMMaTM­ qecKoro MaTepmma,,z:i:anall:Te 3all:MeMCH qeM-H116y,ri:1>,z:i:pyr11M, 6oJiee rrpM5ITHhIM.

It is a story in pictures about a poor man, Mr. Needy, and a rich man, Mr. Weathy. Mr. Wealthy has a lot of money, a big house, and a manservant; Mr. Needy hasn't much money, but he has a cornet in the street outside.

Look at the pictures on page 97, then answer these questions about them.

Use these words in your answers:

play, cornet, ear, pound-note.

CORNET Picture 1. What is Mr. Needy doing? Where is he playing his cornet?

Picticre 2. Does Mr. Wealthy like the noise? Where is he putting his fingers? Why is he doing this?

Picture 3. Where is Mr. Wealthy now? What is he doing.

Picture 4. Who are the people in this picture? What is Mr. Wealthy holding in his hand? In which hand is he holding the pound-notes? How many pound-notes are there in his hand? What is he saying to the manservant?

Picture 5. Who has the pound-notes now? Which hand is he holding them in? Does he look happy? What is the manservant doing with the cornet? In which hand is his carrying the cornet?

Picture 6. What is Mr. Wealthy doing now? Who is showing

him the cornet?

Picture 7. What is the cornet now?

Picture 8. What is Mr. Wealthy doing now? What colour do you think his face is? Who is putting his fingers in his ears now?

Coquueuue

HanumuTe paccKll3 o 6ora11e u Tpy6a11e (cTp. 97).

 

ITaIOKe co 3BYKOM [;i], Harrp1rnep u;i].

 

(5)

 

 

LESSON 17