Упражнение 4. Откройте скобки, поставьте глаголы в правильную форму. Перескажите историю.

 

Once a man who (to come) to see his friend (to tie) his horse to a tree. When he (to come out) of his friend's house, he (to see) that somebody (to steal) his horse and (to leave) a donkey instead. The man (to go) to the police about it. The police (to look) for the horse everywhere but all in vain. They (can) find neither the horse nor the man who (to steal) it. At last a clever man (to advise) them to let the donkey go free. In a minute it (to trot off) and (to stop) at an old hut. Near the hut the people (to see) the horse which they (to look for).

The Future Perfect Tense

Употребление

Future Perfect обозначает действие, которое закончится к определённому моменту в будущем или до начала другого действия в будущем.

He will have finished his work	… when I come. … by 3 o'clock tomorrow. … by the time you come back.
Он закончит свою работу	… ко времени, когда я приду. … завтра к 3-м часам. … к тому времени, как ты вернёшься.

Образование

Future Perfect образуется при помощи глагола to have в Future Indefinite и Participle II (Причастие II) смыслового глагола.

Утвердительная форма	Отрицательная форма	Вопросительная форма
I, we	shall (will) have worked	I, we	shall(will) not have worked	Shall (will) I (we) have worked?
He, she, it you, they	will have worked	He, she, it, you, they	will not have worked	Will he (she, it, you, they) have worked?

Упражнения

Упражнение 1. Поставьте вспомогательный глагол had или will have:

 

1. When we came to the station the train... left. 2. Her friend... waited for her till 5 o'clock and then left. 3. When I walked in, Sam... left the room. 4. We... finished all preparations by the time the guests come. 5. Hellen... had a terrible day and looked very tired. 6. We hope they... landed safely in Paris by that time. 7. The young girl... forgotten all about him by the time he returns. 8. The taxi... arrived before we were ready. 9. At last I learnt what... happened to him. 10. When... you finished your paper at last? 11. By the end of last month they... not completed the experiment yet. 12. She... left the house before you return.

 

Упражнение 2. Заполните пропуски предлогами: after, when, by, by the time, before, until:

 

1. My parents had eaten the dinner... I got home. 2. He had been a worker... he became a businessman. 3. It will have grown completely dark... 8 o'clock. 4. Bill had already left... we got there. 5.... the guests had left I went to bed. 6.... she gets the letter, he will have been far away. 7. Where did your sister work... she had graduated from the Institute? 8. Her eyes were red... she had cried. 9. I had never seen any of Turner's paintings... I visited the art museum. 10.... the end of next year her son will have finished school. 11. The train hadn't left yet... they came to the station. 12. Ann hadn't come to Paris... the end of May. 13. I went to the chemist's... I had visited my sick friend. 14. Nick had studied French... he entered the University. 15. Jane hadn't been able to swim... John taught her. 16. I had seen a new Italian film... the news. 17. Ann went to London... she had learned English. 18. They had been studying at the University for two years... the war broke out. 19. They won't have left the town... you send them a fax. 20. I hope... the end of the winter I'll have learned to ski.

Упражнение 3. Раскройте скобки, поставьте нужное время: Past Perfect или Future Perfect:

 

A. Past Perfect:

1. She hoped I (to pay) for the tickets. 2. When we came the plane (to take off). 3. I went to sleep as soon as the show (to finish). 4. By the end of the year he (to complete) five courses. 5. When they came home mother (to do) everything about the house. 6. I went to see the sights after I (to buy) a map of Moscow. 7. We knew our schedule only after the leader of the group (to tell) us. 8. After I (to spend) all the money I turned to my father. 9. The mother understood the letter after she (to read) it a second time. 10. We (to keep) waiting until we lost patience.

B. Future Perfect:

1. When the father returns from his round the world trip his son (to become) a grown-up man. 2. By the end of this year I (to read) all the books of this writer. 3. You (to finish) typing my papers by this evening? 4. If you come late, the party (to end). 5. When you come she (to leave). 6. By the end of July you (to pass) your last entrance exam. 7. I'm not sure if I (to translate) this text by Monday. 8. By the time they return from the honeymoon trip we (to rebuild) the house for them.

 

Упражнение 4. Переведите на английский язык:

 

1. Когда он вошел в зал, фильм уже начался. 2. Он работал пять лет, прежде чем поступить в университет. 3. Сколько лет вы жили в центре до того, как перееха­ли? 4. К концу семестра студенты написали две курсо­вые. 5. Когда мы вернулись с прогулки, хозяйка уже помыла посуду. 6. Я надеюсь, что к концу недели пого­да изменится к лучшему. 7. Я случайно встретилась вче­ра с ней на улице. Мы не виделись с детства. 8. Когда я дочитаю книгу, я расскажу тебе содержание. 9. Когда они пришли, мы уже обсудили все вопросы. 10. Они провели ряд переговоров, прежде чем подписать согла­шение. 11. Когда начался дождь, мы уже добрались до дому. 12. Не беспокойтесь! Я просмотрю все эти пись­ма к концу дня. 13. Он закончил писать свой доклад к шести часам. 14. Он перепробовал множество разных профессий, прежде чем стал известным писателем. 15.«Я надеюсь, что к концу своего пребывания в Лон­доне я посмотрю все достопримечательности», - ду­мала я. Но когда мы улетали из Лондона, мы не успе­ли посмотреть и половины того, что хотели. 16. Она так прекрасно говорила по-французски, потому что жила в Париже много лет. 17. Он не узнал свою улицу, потому что она так сильно изменилась. 18. «Дорогая Джейн, — сказал Питер, — к тому времени, когда я вернусь, ты вырастешь, станешь красивой и забудешь меня».

 

Упражнение 5. Переведите предложения и объясните употребление времени глагола в следую­щих предложениях:

A. 1. I haven't seen you for ages. 2. We have already discussed this problem. 3. He has never been to England. 4. Have you seen this film yet? - No, I haven't seen it. 5. Have you ever been abroad? - Yes, I have. 6. I have known them for three years. 7. Have you spoken with your teacher today? 8. After I have done my homework, I shall go for a walk. 9. I haven't decided yet where to continue my studies. 10. We haven't met her since we left school.

B. 1. We had got to the theatre by 6 o'clock. 2. When we arrived, the performance had just begun. 3. They had met long before they left school. 4. By the end of the year he had learnt a lot of new English words. 5. I saw the film after I had read the novel. 6. No sooner had we got home, than it became dark.

C. 1. I shall have translated the text by 5 o'clock. 2. We shall have passed our final exams by the end of June. 3. He will have read this book by tomorrow. 4. It will have stopped raining before we leave the party. 5. The manager will have signed the documents after we dis­cuss the contract in detail. 6. He said that he had bought a present for his friend's birthday."

 

Упражнение 6. Поставьте предложения в отрицательную и воп­росительную форму.

1. They have received a new flat this year. 2. She has been to Italy. 3. They have already heard the news. 4. I have known his father. 5. He had worked at a plant before the army. 6. We had studied German before we began to study English. 7. She had written the letter by 5 o'clock. 8. The children will have done their homework before their parents come home. 9. It will have stopped raining by noon.

 

Упражнение 7. Ответьте на вопросы:

1. Have you ever read English books in the original?

2. Have you ever been abroad?

3. Has your sister ever been to England?

4. Have you ever played any musical instrument?

5. Who has just phoned you?

6. Which of you has never seen mountains?

7. What exams had you passed before your English?

8. Where had you studied before entering the University?

9. By what time will you have finished your work?

Упражнение 8. Посмотрите образец и скажите, что вы уже выполнили задание:

Образец: Do your homework. - I have already (just) done it.

 

1. Clean the room. 2. Do your hair. 3. Have a good rest. 4. Make coffee. 5. Pack your things. 6. Close the door. 7. Give up smoking. 8. Tell me the truth. 9. Buy a new coat. 10. Finish the work. 11. Have breakfast. 12. In­vite him to come.

 

Упражнение 9. Преобразуйте предложения, употребив the Past и the Future Perfect:

Образец: I was reading a book at 5 o'clock.

I had read a book by 5 o'clock yesterday.

I shall have read a book by 5 o'clock tomorrow.

 

1. She was making dinner at that time. 2. We were translating the text when you came. 3. They were writing a dictation when I entered the classroom. 4. The students were taking their exams from 9 till 12 o'clock. 5. He was having a shower when the telephone rang. 6. The boys were playing football when it began to rain.

 

Упражнение 10. Раскройте скобки, употребив нужную видо-временную форму глагола:

 

1. You (see) this film? 2. He (be) at the cinema with you? 3. You (taste) the cake? 4. The pupils (not, do) their exercises yet. 5. I (not, meet) my school friend for many years. 6. She told me everything about him after he (leave). 7. When we arrived the concert already (begin). 8. I asked him what countries he (visit). 9. I hope you (come) home from school by 2 o'clock. 10. I (finish) everything by the time you get back tomorrow. 11. If we don't hurry the sun (set) before we reach the top. 12. I saw Tom yesterday but I (not to see) him today. 13. You ever (drive) a car? -No, this is the first time I (drive) a car. 14. The tourists just (arrive) in London and everything (be) new for them. 15. He went back to his home town and was surprised that the town (change) a lot. 16. We are late. The performance already (start) by the time we got to the theatre.

Времена группы Perfect Continuous

Perfect Continuous	Present	have been	asking	for, since
has been
Past	had been	asking	for, since
Future	will (shall) have been	asking	for