Binary-coded decimal notation

äâîè÷íî-äåñÿòè÷íàÿ çàïèñü

Binary-coded representation

ïðåäñòàâëåíèå â äâîè÷íîì êîäå, äâîè÷íîå ïðåäñòàâëåíèå

Binary counter

äâîè÷íûé ñ÷åò÷èê

Binary dump

äâîè÷íûé äàìï

Binary format

äâîè÷íûé ôîðìàò

Binary image

áèíàðíîå èçîáðàæåíèå

Binary loader

àáñîëþòíûé çàãðóç÷èê

Binary logic

äâóçíà÷íàÿ ëîãèêà

Binary notation

äâîè÷íàÿ çàïèñü

Binary number

äâîè÷íîå ÷èñëî

Binary numeral

1. äâîè÷íàÿ öèôðà 2. äâîè÷íîå ÷èñëî

Binary operation

1. áèíàðíàÿ îïåðàöèÿ (íàä äâóìÿ àðãóìåíòàìè) 2. äâîè÷íàÿ îïåðàöèÿ (íàä ÷èñëàìè â äâîè÷íîì ïðåäñòàâëåíèè)

Binary relation

áèíàðíîå îòíîøåíèå (ìåæäó äâóìÿ ìíîæåñòâàìè)

 

Binary search

äâîè÷íûé ïîèñê, ïîèñê äåëåíèåì ïîïîëàì

 

Binary search tree

äâîè÷íîå äåðåâî ïîèñêà

Binary semaphore

äâîè÷íûé ñåìàôîð

 

Binary synchronous

Communications

äâîè÷íàÿ ñèíõðîííàÿ ñâÿçü

 

Binary-to-decimal conversion

ïðåîáðàçîâàíèå èç äâîè÷íîãî (ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ) â äåñÿòè÷íîå

 

Binary tree

äâîè÷íîå äåðåâî

Binding of modules

êîìïîíîâêà ìîäóëåé

Binding of names

ñâÿçûâàíèå èìåí

 

Binding of variable

ñâÿçûâàíèå ïåðåìåííîé

BIOS (Basic Input-Output System)

áàçîâàÿ ñèñòåìà ââîäà-âûâîäà

BISAM see basic indexed sequential-access method

Bisection algorithm

àëãîðèòì äâîè÷íîãî ïîèñêà

Bit

áèò, (äâîè÷íûé) ðàçðÿä

 

Bit-BLT

ïåðåñûëêà ñòðîêè áèòîâ

 

Bit-by-bit

ïîðàçðÿäíûé

Bit cell

îäíîðàçðÿäíûé ðåãèñòð

Bit density

ïëîòíîñòü çàïèñè

Bit handling

ïîðàçðÿäíûå îïåðàöèè, îïåðàöèè íàä ðàçðÿäàìè

Bit image

äâîè÷íûé [áèòîâûé] îáðàç (ïðåäñòàâëåíèå â âèäå äâîè÷íîãî ìàññèâà)

Bit-interleaved

áèò-ìóëüòèïëåêñíûé

Bit interleaving

÷åðåäîâàíèå áèòîâ

bit manipulation see bit handling

Bit map

áèòîâûé ìàññèâ, ïîðàçðÿäíîå ïðåäñòàâëåíèå; ðàñòð

Bit-mapped display

(ðàñòðîâûé) äèñïëåé ñ ïîòî÷å÷íîé àäðåñàöèåé, äèñïëåé ñ îáùåé ïàìÿòüþ

Bit-mapped graphics

ðàñòðîâàÿ ãðàôèêà

Bit pattern

1. äâîè÷íûé êîä 2. ìàñêà, êîìáèíàöèÿ ðàçðÿäîâ

bit-serial see bit-by-bit

bit slot see bit time

Bit stuffing

âñòàâêà [ïîäñòàíîâêà] áèòîâ

Bit time

âðåìÿ ïåðåñûëêè áèòà; òàêò ïåðåäà÷è

Bitwise addition

ïîðàçðÿäíîå ñëîæåíèå

Bitwise operation

ïîðàçðÿäíàÿ îïåðàöèÿ

 

Black-and-white display

÷åðíî-áåëûé äèñïëåé; ìîíîõðîìíûé äèñïëåé

 

Blackboard

ðàáî÷àÿ îáëàñòü (â ýêñïåðòíûõ ñèñòåìàõ)

 

Blank

ïðîáåë; ñèìâîë "ïðîáåë"

 

Blank common

íåïîìå÷åííûé îáùèé áëîê (â ÿçûêå ÔÎÐÒÐÀÍ)

Blank diskette

ïóñòàÿ äèñêåòà; íåðàçìå÷åííàÿ äèñêåòà

 

Blanking

ãàøåíèå (â ìàøèííîé ãðàôèêå)

Blank instruction

ïóñòàÿ êîìàíäà, ÍÎÏ

Blast

1. îñâîáîæäàòü (â ñèñòåìå äèíàìè÷åñêîãî ðàñïðåäåëåíèÿ ïàìÿòè) 2. ïðîãðàììèðîâàòü ÏÏÇÓ, çàïèñûâàòü èíôîðìàöèþ â ÏÏÇÓ

blaster see burner

Blending function

ñòûêîâî÷íàÿ ôóíêöèÿ (â ìàøèííîé ãðàôèêå ïðè àïïðîêñèìàöèè ëèíèè îòðåçêàìè êðèâûõ)

 

Blind keyboard

"ñëåïàÿ" êëàâèàòóðà (èñïîëüçóåìàÿ äëÿ ââîäà áåç èõ îòðàæåíèÿ íà ýêðàíå äèñïëåÿ èëè áóìàãå)

Blinking

ìèãàíèå (â ìàøèííîé ãðàôèêå)

Block buffer

áóôåð áëîêîâ

Block chaining

ñöåïëåíèå áëîêîâ

 

Block check character

ñèìâîë êîíòðîëÿ áëîêà

Block encryption

áëî÷íîå øèôðîâàíèå

Block gap

ìåæáëî÷íûé ïðîìåæóòîê (äèñêà èëè ìàãíèòíîé ëåíòû)

 

Blocking factor

êîýôôèöèåíò áëîêèðîâàíèÿ (÷èñëî çàïèñåé â áëîêå)

 

Block length

äëèíà áëîêà

Blockmark

ìàðêåð áëîêà, áëîê-ìàðêåð

 

Block multiplexer channel

áëîê-ìóëüòèïëåêñíûé êàíàë

Block number

íîìåð áëîêà

Block-oriented device

áëî÷íî-îðèåíòèðîâàííîå óñòðîéñòâî, óñòðîéñòâî ñ ïîáî÷íûì äîñòóïîì

Block parity

ïîáëî÷íûé êîíòðîëü ÷åòíîñòè

Block retrieval

ñ÷èòûâàíèå áëîêà (â ñèñòåìå óïðàâëåíèÿ ïàìÿòüþ)

Block sort

áëî÷íàÿ ñîðòèðîâêà

Block-structured language

ÿçûê ñ áëî÷íîé ñòðóêòóðîé

Block transfer

1. ïîáî÷íàÿ ïåðåäà÷à             

2. ïåðåñûëêà áëîêà, áëî÷íàÿ ïåðåñûëêà

 

blow see burn

 

BNF see Backup normal form

Body stud

îñòàòîê òåëà (â ÿçûêå Àäà)

Boilerplate

øàáëîí (â ñèñòåìå ïîäãîòîâêè òåêñòîâ)

Bookmark

çàêëàäêà (â ñèñòåìå ïîäãîòîâêè òåêñòîâ)

Boolean algebra

áóëåâà àëãåáðà, àëãåáðà ëîãèêè

Boolean expression

áóëåâî [ëîãè÷åñêîå] âûðàæåíèå

Boolean operation

ëîãè÷åñêàÿ [áóëåâà] îïåðàöèÿ

Boolean operator

çíàê ëîãè÷åñêîé [áóëåâîé] îïåðàöèè

Boolean value

áóëåâî [ëîãè÷åñêîå] çíà÷åíèå

Boolean variable

áóëåâà [ëîãè÷åñêàÿ] ïåðåìåííàÿ

boot block see bootstrap block

bootstrap I

1. íà÷àëüíàÿ çàãðóçêà             2. ðàñêðóòêà (ñïîñîá ðàçðàáîòêè ïðîãðàììíîãî îáåñïå÷åíèÿ)

bootstrap II

1. çàãðóæàòü, çàïóñêàòü 2. ðàñêðó÷èâàòü

Bootstrap block

áëîê íà÷àëüíîé çàãðóçêè

Bootstrap loader

íà÷àëüíûé çàãðóç÷èê, ïðîãðàììà íà÷àëüíîé çàãðóçêè

Bootstrap loading

íà÷àëüíàÿ çàãðóçêà

Bootstrap memory

ïàìÿòü íà÷àëüíîãî çàãðóç÷èêà

Borrow

îòðèöàòåëüíûé ïåðåíîñ, çàåì

BOT see beginning-of-tape marker

BOT character (beginning-of-transmission)

óïðàâëÿþùèé ñèìâîë íà÷àëà ïåðåäà÷è

Both-way channel

äóïëåêñíûé [îäíîâðåìåííûé äâóñòîðîííèé] êàíàë

Bottom of stack

äíî [íèæíÿÿ ãðàíèöà] ñòåêà

Bottom-of-stack pointer

óêàçàòåëü äíà ñòåêà

Bottom-up analysis

âîñõîäÿùèé àíàëèç

Bottom-up design

âîñõîäÿùåå ïðîåêòèðîâàíèå

Bottom-up development

âîñõîäÿùàÿ ðàçðàáîòêà, ðàçðàáîòêà ñíèçó ââåðõ

 

bottom-up parsing see bottom-up analysis

Bottom-up reasoning

èíäóêòèâíûé (ëîãè÷åñêèé) âûâîä; âûâîä (ðàññóæäåíèÿ) îò "ôàêòîâ ê öåëè"

Boundary alignment

âûðàâíèâàíèå àäðåñà

Boundary fill

çàêðàøèâàíèå çàìêíóòîé îáëàñòè (â ìàøèííîé ãðàôèêå)

Boundary protection

çàùèòà ïàìÿòè

Boundary register

ãðàíè÷íûé ðåãèñòð (â ñèñòåìàõ ñ âèðòóàëüíîé ïàìÿòüþ)

Bound check

ïðîâåðêà ïðèíàäëåæíîñòè ê äèàïàçîíó, êîíòðîëü ãðàíèö

Bounded-context grammar

ãðàììàòèêà ñ îãðàíè÷åííûì êîíòåêñòîì

Bounds register

ðåãèñòðû çàùèòû ïàìÿòè, ãðàíè÷íûå ðåãèñòðû (â ñèñòåìàõ ñ âèðòóàëüíîé ïàìÿòüþ)

Bounds violation

âûõîä çà ïðåäåëû (äîïóñòèìîãî) äèàïàçîíà, âûõîä çà ãðàíèöû ìàññèâà

Bound variable

ñâÿçàííàÿ ïåðåìåííàÿ

BPAM see basic partitioned access method

Braces

ôèãóðíûå ñêîáêè

Brackets

1. ñêîáêè 2. êâàäðàòíûå ñêîáêè

branch I

1. âåòâü (äåðåâà, ïðîãðàììû)     2. ïåðåõîä, îïåðàöèÿ ïåðåõîäà

branch II

ïåðåõîäèòü, ïåðåäàâàòü óïðàâëåíèå

Branch and bounds algorithm

ìåòîä âåòâåé è ãðàíèö (àëãîðèòì ïîèñêà îïòèìàëüíîãî âûáîðà íà èãðîâîì äåðåâå)

Branching

ïåðåõîä, ïåðåäà÷à óïðàâëåíèÿ

Branch instruction

êîìàíäà ïåðåõîäà

Branchpoint

òî÷êà âåòâëåíèÿ

Breadboard

ìàêåò, ìàêåòíàÿ ïëàòà

Breadth-first search

ïîèñê [ïåðåáîð] â øèðèíó

Break key

êëàâèøà ïðåðûâàíèÿ

Breakpoint

1. êîíòðîëüíàÿ òî÷êà 2. òî÷êà ïðåðûâàíèÿ

Breakpoint instruction

êîìàíäà ïðåðûâàíèÿ

Bridge

ìîñò; øëþç (ñðåäñòâà, îáåñïå÷èâàþùèå ñâÿçü òåððèòîðèàëüíî óäàëåííûõ ëîêàëüíûõ ñåòåé)

Bridgeware

ñðåäñòâà ïåðåíîñà (ïðîãðàììíûå è àïïàðàòíûå ñðåäñòâà ïåðåíîñà ïðîãðàììíîãî îáåñïå÷åíèÿ íà äðóãóþ ÝÂÌ)

Brittle program

íåïåðåíîñèìàÿ ïðîãðàììà; ìàøèííî-çàâèñèìàÿ ïðîãðàììà

Broadband LAN

ëîêàëüíàÿ ñåòü ñ ìîäóëèðîâàííîé ïåðåäà÷åé, øèðîêîïîëîñíàÿ ëîêàëüíàÿ ñåòü

 

Broadcast

ïåðåäàâàòü ñîîáùåíèå (âñåì óçëàì ñåòè, òåðìèíàëîì, çàäà÷àì, æäóùèì ñîáûòèÿ)

Broadcast address

"øèðîêîâåùàòåëüíûé" àäðåñ   (â ëîêàëüíûõ ñåòÿõ)

Broadcast network

øèðîêîâåùàòåëüíàÿ ñåòü

Browse

ïðîñìàòðèâàòü (â ñèñòåìàõ ïðîãðàììèðîâàíèÿ ñ ìíîãîîêîííûì äîñòóïîì)

Browser

1. îêíî ïðîñìîòðà 2. ïðîãðàììà ïðîñìîòðà (â ñèñòåìàõ ïðîãðàììèðîâàíèÿ ñ ìíîãîîêîííûì äîñòóïîì)

BSAM see basic sequential-access method

BSC see binary synchronous communications

BTAM see basic telecommunication access method

B-test

îïûòíàÿ ýêñïëóàòàöèÿ

Bubble sort

ïóçûðüêîâàÿ ñîðòèðîâêà, ñîðòèðîâêà ìåòîäîì ïóçûðüêà (çàêëþ÷àþùàÿñÿ â ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíîé ïåðåñòàíîâêå ñîñåäíèõ ýëåìåíòîâ ñîðòèðóåìîãî ìàññèâà)

Bucket

1. áëîê, ó÷àñòîê (îïåðàòèâíîé èëè âíåøíåé ïàìÿòè) 2. ÿ÷åéêà õåø-òàáëèöû

Buddy system

ìåòîä áëèçíåöîâ (ñïîñîá äèíàìè÷åñêîãî ðàñïðåäåëåíèÿ ïàìÿòè)

 

Buffer

1. áóôåð 2. áóôåð, áóôåðíîå çàïîìèíàþùåå óñòðîéñòâî

Buffered input-output

ââîä-âûâîä ñ áóôåðèçàöèåé

Buffer pool

îáëàñòü [ïóë] áóôåðîâ

Buffer register

áóôåðíûé ðåãèñòð

Buffer thrashing

ïåðåïîëíåíèå áóôåðîâ

Bug

îøèáêà (â ïðîãðàììå èëè óñòðîéñòâå)

Bug patch

"çàïëàòà" (èñïðàâëåíèå, âíîñèìîå â îáúåêòíóþ ïðîãðàììó â âèäå íàáîðà ìàøèííûõ êîìàíä)

Built-in check

1. âñòðîåííûé êîíòðîëëåð, âñòðîåííàÿ ïðîâåðêà 2. âñòðîåííûå ñðåäñòâà ïðîâåðêè

Built-in macro instruction

âñòðîåííàÿ ìàêðîêîìàíäà

Built-in type

ïðåäîïðåäåëåííûé [âñòðîåííûé] òèï (äàííûõ) (â ÿçûêàõ ïðîãðàììèðîâàíèÿ â ðàçâèòîé ñèñòåìå òèïîâ)

Bulk storage

1. âíåøíÿÿ ïàìÿòü, âíåøíåå çàïîìèíàþùåå óñòðîéñòâî 2. ìàññîâàÿ ïàìÿòü

Bundled attributes

óñëîâíûé àòðèáóò (â ìàøèííîé ãðàôèêå)

Bundled software

ñòàíäàðòíîå ïðîãðàììíîå îáåñïå÷åíèå

Bundle table

òàáëèöà óñëîâíûõ àòðèáóòîâ

Burn

ïðîãðàììèðîâàòü ÏÏÇÓ, çàïèñûâàòü èíôîðìàöèþ â ÏÏÇÓ

Burner

ïðîãðàììàòîð ÏÏÇÓ

Burst

ïàêåò

Burster

óñòðîéñòâî äëÿ ðàçäåëåíèÿ ðàñïå÷àòêè íà ôàëüöîâàííîé áóìàãå íà ñòðàíèöû

Burst mode

ìîíîïîëüíûé [ïàêåòíûé] ðåæèì (ðàáîòû êàíàëà ñâÿçè)

 

Bus

øèíà, ìàãèñòðàëü

Bus arbitrator

àðáèòð øèíû

Bus architecture

1. øèííàÿ àðõèòåêòóðà 2. øèííàÿ òîïîëîãèÿ

Bus extender

ðàñøèðèòåëü øèíû

Business graphics

äåëîâàÿ ãðàôèêà

Business software

ïðîãðàììíîå îáåñïå÷åíèå äëÿ àäìèíèñòðàòèâíûõ è ýêîíîìè÷åñêèõ ïðèìåíåíèé

Bus topology

øèííàÿ òîïîëîãèÿ

 

Busy wait

æäóùèé öèêë, àêòèâíîå îæèäàíèå

 

BW-display see black-and-white display

Bypass

îáõîä

Byte

áàéò

Byte instruction

áàéòîâàÿ êîìàíäà

Byte-interleaved

áàéò-ìóëüòèïëåêñíûé

byte-multiplexer channel see block multiplexer channel

Byte multiplexing

ïîáàéòîâîå ìóëüòèïëåêñèðîâàíèå

Byte-organized memory

ïàìÿòü ñ áàéòîâîé îðãàíèçàöèåé

Ñ

Cache

1. ñâåðõîïåðàòèâíàÿ ïàìÿòü, êåø

2. áóôåð

Cache memory

ñâåðõîïåðàòèâíàÿ ïàìÿòü, êåø

CAD see computer-aided design

CAD/CAM (computer-aided design/ computer-aided manufacturing)

ñèñòåìà àâòîìàòèçèðîâàííîãî ïðîåêòèðîâàíèÿ è ïðîèçâîäñòâà

 

CAE see computer-aided engineering

CAI see computer-aided instruction

Calculator

êàëüêóëÿòîð

Call

1. âûçîâ (ïîäïðîãðàììû) îáðàùåíèå (ê ïîäïðîãðàììå) 2. âûçîâ, ñîåäèíåíèå (ìåæäó óçëàìè ñåòè)

Call address

àäðåñ âûçîâà

Call by name

1. âûçîâ ïî èìåíè 2. ïåðåäà÷à ïàðàìåòðîâ

Call by pattern

âûçîâ ïî îáðàçöó

Calligraphic display

âåêòîðíûé äèñïëåé

Calling sequence

ñîãëàøåíèÿ î ñâÿçÿõ

CAM see 1. computer-aided manufacturing 2. content-addressable memory

Camera ready copy

îðèãèíàë-ìàêåò

CAN (cancel)

ñèìâîë îòìåíû (â êîäå ASCII ïðåäñòàâëåí ÷èñëîì 24)

 

cancel I

îòìåíà (ïðåäûäóùåãî ïðèíÿòîãî ñèìâîëà èëè ãðóïïû ñèìâîëîâ)

 

cancel II

1. îòìåíÿòü 2. ïðåðûâàòü (âûïîëíåíèå ïðîãðàììû èëè îïåðàöèè)

 

cancel character see CAN

Cancellation

ïîòåðÿ òî÷íîñòè (óìåíüøåíèå ÷èñëà çíà÷àùèõ ðàçðÿäîâ ïðè âû÷èòàíèè áëèçêèõ ïî âåëè÷èíå ÷èñåë)

Candidate key

âîçìîæíûé êëþ÷ (ê ðåëÿöèîííîé ìîäåëè äàííûõ)

canned software see common software

Canonical schema

êàíîíè÷åñêàÿ ñõåìà

Capability

ìàíäàò (ðàçíîâèäíîñòü óêàçàòåëÿ)

Capability architecture

àðõèòåêòóðà ñ ìàíäàòíîé àäðåñàöèåé

Capacity

1. (èíôîðìàöèîííàÿ) åìêîñòü, îáúåì 2. ðàçðÿäíîñòü 3. ïðîïóñêíàÿ ñïîñîáíîñòü (êàíàëà ñâÿçè)

Card

1. ïåðôîðàöèîííàÿ êàðòà, ïåðôîêàðòà 2. ïëàòà (îáû÷íî â ïåðñîíàëüíûõ è ìèêðî ÝÂÌ)

Card desk

ïàêåò ïåðôîêàðò

Card feed

ïîäà÷à ïåðôîêàðò (â óñòðîéñòâå ââîäà èëè âûâîäà ïåðôîêàðò)

Carriage return

âîçâðàò êàðåòêè

Carry

1. ðàçðÿä ïåðåíîñà, ïåðåíîñ

2. ïåðåíîñ

Carry bit

ðàçðÿä ïåðåíîñà, ïåðåíîñ

Carry clear

"íåò ïåðåíîñà"

carry digit see carry bit

Carry flag

ïðèçíàê ïåðåíîñà

Carry set

"åñòü ïåðåíîñ"

Cartesian product

äåêàðòîâî [ïðÿìîå] ïðîèçâåäåíèå

Cartridge

êàññåòà

Cartridge disk

êàññåòíûé [äèñêîâûé] ïàêåò

Cartridge tape

êàññåòíûé íàêîïèòåëü íà (ìàãíèòíîé) ëåíòå, êàññåòíàÿ ëåíòà

Cascaded carry

ïîêàñêàäíûé ïåðåíîñ (ïðè ïàðàëëåëüíîì ñëîæåíèè)

Case

1. ðåãèñòð êëàâèàòóðû 2. îïåðàòîð âûáîðà

Case-insensitive search

ïîèñê áåç ó÷åòà ðåãèñòðà (â ñèñòåìàõ ïîäãîòîâêè òåêñòîâ è ðåäàêòîðàõ)

Case-sensitive search

ïîèñê ñ ó÷åòîì ðåãèñòðà (â ñèñòåìàõ ïîäãîòîâêè òåêñòîâ è ðåäàêòîðàõ)

Case statement

îïåðàòîð âûáîðà

Cash dispensing bank teller

àâòîìàòè÷åñêèé êàññèð

cassette tape see cartridge tape

Cast

ïðèâåäåíèå (òèïîâ); ÿäðî (â ÿçûêå Àëãîë-68)

Cast operator

ïðèâåäåíèå (òèïîâ) (â ÿçûêå ÑÈ)

Casual user

ñëó÷àéíûé ïîëüçîâàòåëü

catalog I

êàòàëîã

 

catalog II

êàòàëîãèçèðîâàòü, çàíîñèòü â êàòàëîã

 

Catalog date set

êàòàëîãèçèðîâàííûé íàáîð äàííûõ

Cataloged procedure

êàòàëîãèçèðîâàííàÿ [áèáëèîòå÷íàÿ] ïðîöåäóðà

catenation see concatenation

Cell

ÿ÷åéêà ïàìÿòè

Centralized routing

öåíòðàëèçîâàííàÿ ìàðøðóòèçàöèÿ