Extended-precision arithmetic

àðèôìåòèêà ñ ïîâûøåííîé òî÷íîñòüþ

Extended-precision number

÷èñëî ñ ïîâûøåííîé òî÷íîñòüþ

Extensible addressing

àäðåñàöèÿ ñ ðàñøèðÿåìûì àäðåñîì, ðàñøèðåííàÿ àäðåñàöèÿ

Extensible language

ðàñøèðÿåìûé ÿçûê

Extensible notation

ðàñøèðÿåìàÿ íîòàöèÿ

Extensible syntax

ðàñøèðÿåìûé ñèíòàêñèñ

Extension register

ðåãèñòð ðàñøèðåíèÿ; ðåãèñòð ìëàäøèõ ðàçðÿäîâ(ïðè óìíîæåíèè ÷èñåë ñ ïëàâàþùåé çàïÿòîé); ðåãèñòð ñòàðøèõ ðàçðÿäîâ (ïðè óìíîæåíèè öåëûõ ÷èñåë)

Extent

1. ýêñòåíò (íåïðåðûâíàÿ îáëàñòü íà äèñêå)

2. äèàïàçîí; ïðîòÿæåííîñòü

External decimal

íåóïàêîâàííîå äåñÿòè÷íîå (÷èñëî)

External delay

ïðîñòîé ïî âíåøíåé ïðè÷èíå

External environment

óñëîâèÿ ýêñïëóàòàöèè

 

External file

âíåøíèé ôàéë

External fragmentation

(âíåøíÿÿ) ôðàãìåíòàöèÿ

External interrupt

âíåøíåå ïðåðûâàíèå, ïðåðûâàíèå îò âíåøíåãî óñòðîéñòâà

External key

âíåøíèé êëþ÷ (â ðåëÿöèîííûõ áàçàõ äàííûõ)

External label

âíåøíÿÿ ìåòêà (îïðåäåëåííàÿ â äðóãîì ìîäóëå ïðîãðàììû)

External memory

âíåøíÿÿ ïàìÿòü, âíåøíåå çàïîìèíàþùåå óñòðîéñòâî

External name

âíåøíåå èìÿ

External performance

ôàêòè÷åñêîå áûñòðîäåéñòâèå

External reference

âíåøíÿÿ ññûëêà

External representation

âíåøíåå ïðåäñòàâëåíèå

External schema

âíåøíÿÿ ñõåìà (áàçû äàííûõ)

External sort

âíåøíÿÿ ñîðòèðîâêà

External specification

âíåøíÿÿ ñïåöèôèêàöèÿ

external storage see external memory

External symbol

âíåøíèé ñèìâîë (îïðåäåëåííûé â äðóãîì ìîäóëå ïðîãðàììû)

 

External symbol dictionary

ñëîâàðü âíåøíèõ ñèìâîëîâ

Extract

1. âûäåëÿòü (íàïð. ÷àñòü ìàøèííîãî ñëîâà äëÿ ïîñëåäóþùèõ îïåðàöèé)

2. âûáèðàòü, èçâëåêàòü (÷àñòü çàïèñåé ôàéëà)

 

F

Face

1. íà÷åðòàíèå øðèôòà 2. î÷êî (ëèòåðû íà øðèôòîíîñèòåëå)

Face-change character

ñèìâîë ñìåíû íà÷åðòàíèÿ øðèôòà

Facilities

1. ñðåäñòâà; îáîðóäîâàíèå

2. ëèíèÿ ñâÿçè

Facsimile

1. ôàêñèìèëüíàÿ êîïèÿ, ôàêñèìèëå

2. ôàêñèìèëüíàÿ ñâÿçü

factor I

1. êîýôôèöèåíò; ìíîæåñòâî

2. ôàêòîð

factor II

ðàçëàãàòü íà ìíîæèòåëè

Factorization

1. ðàçëîæåíèå íà ìíîæèòåëè; âûíåñåíèå çà ñêîáêè

2. ôàêòîðèçàöèÿ

Fail

1. îòêàçûâàòü; âûõîäèòü èç ñòðîÿ

2. âûäàâàòü "íåóñïåõ" (ïðè ïåðåáîðå ñ âîçâðàòàìè)

3. íå âûïîëíÿòüñÿ (î ëîãè÷åñêîì óñëîâèè); áûòü ëîæíûì (îá óòâåðæäåíèè)

Fail-safe system

îøèáêîóñòîé÷èâàÿ [îòêàçîóñòîé÷èâàÿ] ñèñòåìà

Fail-soft system

ñèñòåìà ñ àìîðòèçàöèåé îòêàçîâ

Failure

îòêàç; âûõîä èç ñòðîÿ; ñáîé; ôàòàëüíàÿ îøèáêà (ïðîãðàììû)

Failure access

îáðàùåíèå â ðåçóëüòàòå ñáîÿ

Fallback

ïåðåõîä íà àâàðèéíûé ðåæèì

false

"ëîæü" (çíà÷åíèå ëîãè÷åñêîãî âûðàæåíèÿ èëè ïåðåìåííîé)

Falsehood

ëîæíîñòü

Family

ñåìåéñòâî (1. ñîâîêóïíîñòü îáúåêòîâ, èìåþùèõ îáùèå ÷åðòû

2. ñîâîêóïíîñòü ñîâìåñòíûõ ïðîäóêòîâ èëè ñðåäñòâ)

Far plane

çàäíÿÿ ïëîñêîñòü (â ìàøèííîé ãðàôèêå)

Fatal error

ôàòàëüíàÿ îøèáêà

Father file

èñõîäíàÿ âåðñèÿ (îñíîâíîãî) ôàéëà; èñõîäíûé ôàéë

Father node

ðîäèòåëüñêàÿ âåðøèíà

Father tape

èñõîäíàÿ ëåíòà, ëåíòà âòîðîãî ïîêîëåíèÿ

Fault

îøèáêà; îòêàç; íåèñïðàâíîñòü

Fault simulator

èìèòàòîð îøèáîê

fault-tolerant system see fail-safe system

FC see font-change character

FDB see file description block

Feature extraction

âûäåëåíèå ïðèçíàêîâ (â ðàñïîçíàâàíèè îáðàçîâ)

 

Feed

1. ïîäà÷à (ïåðåìåùåíèå áóìàãè â ïå÷àòàþùåì óñòðîéñòâå, ïåðôîëåíòû èëè ïåðôîêàðò â ñ÷èòûâàòåëå èëè ïåðôîðàòîðå)

2. óñòðîéñòâî ïîäà÷è

Feeder

óñòðîéñòâî ïîäà÷è

Feed pitch

èíòåðâàë ñòðîê

Fetch cycle

öèêë âûáîðêè (â òå÷åíèè êîòîðîãî îïåðàíä èëè êîìàíäà ñ÷èòûâàåòñÿ èç îïåðàòèâíîé ïàìÿòè â ðåãèñòð ïðîöåññîðà)

Fetch time

âðåìÿ âûáîðêè, âðåìÿ ñ÷èòûâàíèÿ

FF (form-feed)

ñèìâîë ïåðåâîäà ñòðàíèöû, ñèìâîë ïðîãîíà ñòðàíèöû (â êîäå ASCII ïðåäñòàâëåí ÷èñëîì 12)

FIB see file identification block

Field

ïîëå (1. ïîèìåíîâàííàÿ ÷àñòü ñòðóêòóðû äàííûõ èëè çàïèñè; ýëåìåíò äàííûõ 2. ÷àñòü ýêðàíà, áëàíêà, ïå÷àòíîãî äîêóìåíòà èëè íîñèòåëÿ äàííûõ, ïðåäíàçíà÷åííàÿ äëÿ îïðåäåëåííîãî èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ

3. ÷àñòü ñîîáùåíèÿ, ãðóïïà ðàçðÿäîâ ìàøèííîé êîìàíäû èëè ìàøèííîãî ñëîâà, îáðàáàòûâàåìûå îòäåëüíî)

 

Field engineer

íàëàä÷èê (ðåìîíòèðóþùèé èëè óñòàíàâëèâàþùèé îáîðóäîâàíèå, ïðîäàííîå ôèðìîé)

 

Field extraction

îïåðàöèÿ âûáîðêè çíà÷åíèÿ ïîëÿ çàïèñè

Field mark

ìåòêà [îãðàíè÷èòåëü] ïîëÿ

Field selection

âûáîð [âûäåëåíèå] ïîëÿ

FIFO see first-in-first-out

FIFO algorithm

ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíûé àëãîðèòì, àëãîðèòì òèïà "ïåðâûì ïðèøåë -ïåðâûì âûøåë"

FIFO list see FIFO queue

FIFO processing

îáðàáîòêà â ïîðÿäêå ïîñòóïëåíèÿ

FIFO queue

(ïðîñòàÿ) î÷åðåäü

Fifth-generation computer

ÝÂÌ ïÿòîãî ïîêîëåíèÿ

Figure

öèôðà

File

ôàéë (1. ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíîñòü èëè ìíîæåñòâî îäíîòèïíûõ çàïèñåé

2. ïîèìåíîâàííàÿ öåëîñòíàÿ ñîâîêóïíîñòü äàííûõ íà âíåøíåì íîñèòåëå)

File addressing

ìåòîä äîñòóïà

File allocation

ðàçìåùåíèå (çàïèñåé) ôàéëà

File attribute

àòðèáóò ôàéëà

 

File description block

áëîê îïèñàíèÿ ôàéëà

File device

ôàéëîâîå óñòðîéñòâî, óñòðîéñòâî ñ ôàéëîâîé ñòðóêòóðîé

File directory

êàòàëîã ôàéëîâ

File disposition

äèñïîçèöèÿ (ïàðàìåòð çàêðûòèÿ ôàéëà)

File event

îáðàùåíèå ê ôàéëó; òðàíçàêöèÿ, îáðàáîòêà çàïðîñà

 

File identification block

áëîê îïðåäåëåíèÿ ôàéëà

 

File label

ìåòêà ôàéëà

File locking

çàõâàò ôàéëà (â ìíîãîçàäà÷íûõ ñèñòåìàõ è ëîêàëüíûõ ñåòÿõ)

File maintenance

ñîïðîâîæäåíèå ôàéëà

file manager see file system

File name

èìÿ ôàéëà

File organization

îðãàíèçàöèÿ ôàéëà (1. ìåòîä äîñòóïà, ïðèìåíÿåìûé ê äàííîìó ôàéëó 2. ôèçè÷åñêîå ïðåäñòàâëåíèå çàïèñåé ôàéëà è èõ ðàñïîëîæåíèå íà âíåøíåì óñòðîéñòâå)

 

File overflow area

îáëàñòü ïåðåïîëíåíèÿ â ôàéëîâîé ñèñòåìå

File protection

1. çàùèòà ôàéëà (àïïàðàòíûå èëè ïðîãðàììíûå ñðåäñòâà äëÿ ïðåäîòâðàùåíèÿ âíåñåíèÿ èçìåíåíèé â ôàéë)

2. àòðèáóòû çàùèòû

File qualifier

óïðàâëÿþùèé ïàðàìåòð [êëþ÷] ôàéëà

Filer

1. ôàéëîâàÿ ñèñòåìà 2. ñåðâèñíàÿ ïðîãðàììà ðàáîòû ñ ôàéëàìè

File security

çàùèòà ôàéëà, îãðàíè÷åíèå äîñòóïà ê ôàéëó

File server

ôàéëîâàÿ ñòàíöèÿ, ôàéëîâûé ïðîöåññîð

File store

ôàéëîâàÿ ïàìÿòü; ôàéëîâàÿ ñèñòåìà

File system

ôàéëîâàÿ ñèñòåìà (1. ÷àñòü îïåðàöèîííîé ñèñòåìû 2. ôàéëû, êàòàëîãè è óïðàâëÿþùàÿ èíôîðìàöèÿ, çàïèñàííûå íà äèñê)

File updating

âåäåíèå ôàéëà

File variable

ôàéëîâàÿ ïåðåìåííàÿ, ïåðåìåííàÿ òèïà ôàéë

Filing

çàïèñü [çàíåñåíèå] ôàéë; ó÷åò

Fill

1. çàïîëíÿòü, ðàñïèñûâàòü (ïàìÿòü)

2. çàêðàøèâàòü (â ìàøèííîé ãðàôèêå)

Fill-area attribute

àòðèáóò çàêðàøèâàíèÿ (â ìàøèííîé ãðàôèêå)

Fill character, filler

ñèìâîë-çàïîëíèòåëü

Filter

1. ôèëüòð (ïðîãðàììà, ïîëó÷àþùàÿ âñå äàííûå èç âõîäíîãî ïîòîêà è âûäàþùàÿ âñå ðåçóëüòàòû â âûõîäíîé ïîòîê)

2. ôèëüòð, øëþç (ñðåäñòâà ñâÿçè äâóõ îäíîòèïíûõ ñåòåé)

Finding

çàêëþ÷åíèå (â ýêñïåðòíûõ ñèñòåìàõ)

Fine index

âòîðè÷íûé èíäåêñ

Finite-difference method

ìåòîä êîíå÷íûõ ðàçíîñòåé, êîíå÷íî-ðàçíîñòíûé ìåòîä

Finite-element method

ïðîåêöèîííûé [ïðîåêöèîííî-ðàçíîñòíûé] ìåòîä

Finite set

êîíå÷íîå ìíîæåñòâî

Finite-state automaton

êîíå÷íûé àâòîìàò

Finite-state grammar

ãðàììàòèêà ñ êîíå÷íûì ÷èñëîì ñîñòîÿíèé, àâòîìàòíàÿ [ðåãóëÿðíàÿ] ãðàììàòèêà

finite-state machine see finite-state automaton

Firmware

1. ìèêðîïðîãðàììíîå îáåñïå÷åíèå, ìèêðîïðîãðàììû

2. ïðîãðàììà, çàïèñàííàÿ â ÏÇÓ, "çàøèòàÿ" ïðîãðàììà

First fit

ìåòîä ïåðâîãî ïîäõîäÿùåãî (ïðè ðàñïðåäåëåíèè ïàìÿòè)

First-generation computer

ÝÂÌ ïåðâîãî ïîêîëåíèÿ

First-in-first-out

â ïîðÿäêå ïîñòóïëåíèÿ, "ïåðâûì ïðèøåë - ïåðâûì âûøåë"

First-level address

ïðÿìîé àäðåñ

First normal form

ïåðâàÿ íîðìàëüíàÿ ôîðìà (îòíîøåíèÿ ðåëÿöèîííîé áàçû äàííûõ)

 

First-order logic

èñ÷èñëåíèå ïðåäèêàòîâ ïåðâîãî ïîðÿäêà

fix I

èñïðàâëåíèå (îøèáêè èëè íåèñïðàâíîñòè)

fix II

1. èñïðàâëÿòü (îøèáêè èëè íåèñïðàâíîñòè) 2. ôèêñèðîâàòü çàêðåïëÿòü (ïðèñâàèâàòü ïðîãðàììå èëè áëîêó äàííûõ íåèçìåíÿåìîå â äàëüíåéøåì ïîëîæåíèè â ïàìÿòè)

3. äåëàòü ðåçèäåíòíûì

Fixed area

ôèêñèðîâàííàÿ îáëàñòü (ïàìÿòè)

Fixed disk

ôèêñèðîâàííûé äèñê

Fixed-for, fixed-format

ôèêñèðîâàííîãî ôîðìàòà (î ïðåäñòàâëåíèè äàííûõ èëè ïðåäëîæåíèé ÿçûêà, ïðè êîòîðîì êàæäûé ýëåìåíò ðàñïîëàãàåòñÿ â ïîëå ôèêñèðîâàííîé äëèíû)

Fixed-head disk

äèñê ñ ôèêñèðîâàííûìè ãîëîâêàìè

Fixed-length addressing

àäðåñàöèÿ ñ ôèêñèðîâàííîé äëèíîé àäðåñà

Fixed-length field

ïîëå ôèêñèðîâàííîé äëèíû

Fixed-length record

1. çàïèñü ôèêñèðîâàííîé äëèíû (çàïèñü ôàéëà, â êîòîðîì âñå çàïèñè èìåþò îäíó è òó æå äëèíó)

2. çàïèñü ïîñòîÿííîé äëèíû

Fixed-length record file

ôàéë ñ çàïèñÿìè ôèêñèðîâàííîé äëèíû

 

Fixed-point number

÷èñëî ñ ôèêñèðîâàííîé çàïÿòîé; öåëîå (÷èñëî)

 

Fixed-point representation

ïðåäñòàâëåíèå (÷èñåë) ñ ôèêñèðîâàííîé çàïÿòîé

Fixed routing

ôèêñèðîâàííàÿ ìàðøðóòèçàöèÿ

 

flag I

1. ïðèçíàê, ôëàã (îäíîðàçðÿäíûé ðåãèñòð èëè ëîãè÷åñêàÿ ïåðåìåííàÿ)

2. ðàçäåëèòåëü êàäðîâ, îãðàíè÷èòåëü êàäðîâ (â ïðîòîêîëàõ ïåðåäà÷è äàííûõ Õ.25, SDLC è HDLC)

flag II

ïîìå÷àòü, îòìå÷àòü

Flag bit

ðàçðÿä ïðèçíàêà; ïðèçíàê

Flag field

ïîëå ïðèçíàêà

Flag page

òèòóëüíûé ëèñò

Flag sequence

ðàçäåëèòåëü êàäðîâ, îãðàíè÷èòåëü êàäðîâ(â ïðîòîêîëàõ ïåðåäà÷è äàííûõ Õ.25, SDLC è HDLC)

Flashing

ìèãàíèå (ýêðàíà äèñïëåÿ)

Flat addressing

ïðîñòàÿ àäðåñàöèÿ (ñïîñîá óêàçàíèÿ îáúåêòà â ñåòè ÝÂÌ ñ ïîìîùüþ èäåíòèôèêàòîðà, íå èìåþùåãî âíóòðåííåé ñòðóêòóðû)

Flatbed plotter

ïëàíøåòíûé ãðàôîïîñòðîèòåëü

Flat file

ïëîñêèé ôàéë

Flat graph

ïëîñêèé ãðàô

Flexible array

ìàññèâ ñ ïåðåìåííûìè ãðàíèöàìè

flexible disk see floppy disk

Flicker

(íåæåëàòåëüíîå) ìåðöàíèå èçîáðàæåíèÿ (íà ýêðàíå äèñïëåÿ)

Floating-point arithmetic

1. àðèôìåòèêà ñ ïëàâàþùåé çàïÿòîé

2. ïðîöåññîð ñ ïëàâàþùåé çàïÿòîé

 

Floating-point instruction

êîìàíäà îïåðàöèè íàä ÷èñëàìè ñ ïëàâàþùåé çàïÿòîé

Floating-point notation

çàïèñü ñ ïëàâàþùåé çàïÿòîé

Floating-point number

÷èñëî ñ ïëàâàþùåé çàïÿòîé

 

Floating-point package

ïàêåò ïðîãðàìì äëÿ âûïîëíåíèÿ îïåðàöèé íàä ÷èñëàìè ñ ïëàâàþùåé çàïÿòîé

Floating-point processor

ïðîöåññîð ñ ïëàâàþùåé çàïÿòîé