Data compaction, data compression

ñæàòèå [óïëîòíåíèå] äàííûõ

Data control block

áëîê óïðàâëåíèÿ äàííûìè

Data corruption

íàðóøåíèå öåëîñòíîñòè äàííûõ

 

Data definition language

ÿçûê îïðåäåëåíèÿ [îïèñàíèÿ] äàííûõ, ßÎÄ (â ÿçûêå óïðàâëåíèÿ çàäàíèÿìè JCL)

Data definition name

èìÿ îïèñàíèÿ [îïðåäåëåíèÿ] äàííûõ (â ÿçûêå óïðàâëåíèÿ çàäàíèÿìè JCL)

Data definition statement

ïðåäëîæåíèå îïèñàíèÿ íàáîðà äàííûõ, ïðåäëîæåíèå îïðåäåëåíèÿ äàííûõ, DD-ïðåäëîæåíèå (â ÿçûêå óïðàâëåíèÿ çàäàíèÿìè JCL)

Data density

ïëîòíîñòü çàïèñè

data description language data see definition language

Data dictionary, data directory

ñëîâàðü (áàçû) äàííûõ

Data division

ðàçäåë äàííûõ (â ÿçûêå ÊÎÁÎË)

Data-driven

óïðàâëÿåìûé äàííûìè

data element see data item

Data entry

1. ââîä äàííûõ 2. èíôîðìàöèîííûé ýëåìåíò (â îòëè÷èå îò ýëåìåíòîâ, ñîäåðæàùèõ óïðàâëÿþùóþ èíôîðìàöèþ)

Data entry screen

òðàôàðåò ââîäà äàííûõ

Data error

îøèáêà â äàííûõ

Data field

ïîëå äàííûõ

Data file

ôàéë äàííûõ

Dataflow computer

(âû÷èñëèòåëüíàÿ) ìàøèíà, óïðàâëÿåìàÿ ïîòîêîì äàííûõ

Dataflow graph

ãðàô ïîòîêà äàííûõ

dataflow machine see dataflow computer

Data format

ôîðìàò äàííûõ (ñïîñîá ðàñïîëîæåíèÿ èëè ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ äàííûõ)

Datagram

äåéòàãðàììà (ïàêåò, ïåðåäàâàåìûé ÷åðåç ñåòü íåçàâèñèìî îò äðóãèõ ïàêåòîâ, áåç óñòàíîâêè ëîãè÷åñêîãî ñîåäèíåíèÿ è êâèòèðîâàíèÿ)

Data independence

íåçàâèñèìîñòü (îò äàííûõ)

Data input

ââîä äàííûõ

Data integrity

öåëîñòíîñòü äàííûõ

Data item

ýëåìåíò äàííûõ (çàïèñü, ïîëå çàïèñè, ýëåìåíò ìàññèâà)

Data-limit registers

ðåãèñòðû çàùèòû ïàìÿòè

Data link

êàíàë ñâÿçè

Data link layer

êàíàëüíûé óðîâåíü (âçàèìîäåéñòâèÿ â ñåòè ïåðåäà÷è äàííûõ)

Data link (layer) protocol

ïðîòîêîë êàíàëüíîãî óðîâíÿ

Data manipulation language

ÿçûê ìàíèïóëèðîâàíèÿ äàííûìè, ßÌÄ

Datamation

âû÷èñëèòåëüíàÿ òåõíèêà

Data medium

íîñèòåëü äàííûõ

Data model

ìîäåëü äàííûõ

Data module

âèí÷åñòåðñêèé äèñê, âèí÷åñòåð

Data network

ñåòü ïåðåäà÷è äàííûõ

Data output

âûâîä äàííûõ

Data packing

óïàêîâêà äàííûõ

Data plotter

ãðàôîïîñòðîèòåëü

Data presentation layer

óðîâåíü ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ äàííûõ

Data presentation protocol

ïðîòîêîë óðîâíÿ ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ äàííûõ

Data processing

îáðàáîòêà äàííûõ

Data processing system

ñèñòåìà îáðàáîòêè äàííûõ

Data protection

çàùèòà äàííûõ

Data rate

ñêîðîñòü ïåðåäà÷è äàííûõ

Data record

çàïèñü äàííûõ

Data representation

ïðåäñòàâëåíèå äàííûõ

Data retrieval

âûáîðêà äàííûõ, îáðàùåíèå ê äàííûì

Data set

1. íàáîð äàííûõ, ôàéë (â òåðìèíîëîãèè IBM) 2. ìîäåì, ìîäóëÿòîð-äåìîäóëÿòîð

Data sink

ïðè¸ìíèê äàííûõ (óçåë ñåòè ïåðåäà÷è äàííûõ)

Data source

èñòî÷íèê äàííûõ (óçåë ñåòè ïåðåäà÷è äàííûõ)

Data station

ñòàíöèÿ ñåòè ïåðåäà÷è äàííûõ

Data structure

ñòðóêòóðà äàííûõ (íàïð. ìàññèâ, ôàéë, ñïèñîê)

Data structure language

ÿçûê îïèñàíèÿ ôèçè÷åñêîé ñòðóêòóðû áàçû äàííûõ

Data tablet

(ãðàôè÷åñêèé) ïëàíøåò

Data terminal equipment

òåðìèíàëüíîå îáîðóäîâàíèå ïîëüçîâàòåëÿ, îêîíå÷íîå îáîðóäîâàíèå äàííûõ, ÎÎÄ

Data transfer

ïåðåñûëêà äàííûõ (ìåæäó ÎÇÓ è âíåøíèì óñòðîéñòâîì)

Data translation

êîíâåðòèðîâàíèå äàííûõ (ïðåîáðàçîâàíèå ôèçè÷åñêîãî ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ äàííûõ äëÿ ðàáîòû ñ íèìè â äðóãîé ñèñòåìå óïðàâëåíèÿ äàííûìè)

data transparency see data independence

Data type

òèï (äàííûõ)

Data validation

ïðîâåðêà (ïðàâèëüíîñòè) äàííûõ

 

datum see data item

datum-limit registers see data-limit registers

Daughter node

äî÷åðíÿÿ âåðøèíà (äåðåâà)

DB see database

DBMS see database management system

DC (device control)

ñèìâîë óïðàâëåíèÿ óñòðîéñòâîì (â êîäå ASCII ïðåäñòàâëåí ÷èñëàìè 17, 18, 19 è 20)

 

DCB see data control block

DD see double-density disk

DDL see data definition language

ddname see data definition name

DD-statement see data definition statement

Deactivate

1. îòêëþ÷àòü (îá óñòðîéñòâå èëè óçëå ñåòè ïåðåäà÷è äàííûõ) 2. îòìåíÿòü, âûêëþ÷àòü (î ðåæèìå èëè ïàðàìåòðå ðåæèìà) 3. îñòàíàâëèâàòü, âûáðàñûâàòü (èç ðåøåíèÿ); óíè÷òîæàòü (î çàäà÷å èëè ïðîöåññå)

Dead file

ïîòåðÿííûé ôàéë

Deadlock, deadly embrace

òóïèê, òóïèêîâàÿ ñèòóàöèÿ, âçàèìíàÿ áëîêèðîâêà (ñîñòîÿíèå ñèñòåìû, ïðè êîòîðîì äâà ïðîöåññà áëîêèðóþò äðóã äðóãà)

 

Deallocate

îñâîáîæäàòü (ðàíåå âûäåëåííûé ðåñóðñ)

Debatable time

âðåìÿ ïðîñòîÿ ïî íåâûÿñíåííîé ïðè÷èíå

Deblock

ðàñïàêîâûâàòü áëîê (íà çàïèñè)

Debug driver

îòëàäî÷íàÿ ïðîãðàììà

Debugger

îòëàä÷èê (ïðîãðàììû)

Debugging

îòëàäêà (ïðîãðàììû)

Debugging statement

îòëàäî÷íûé îïåðàòîð

debug monitor, debug tool see debugger

Decimal arithmetic

äåñÿòè÷íàÿ àðèôìåòèêà

Decimal format

äåñÿòè÷íûé ôîðìàò

Decimal point

äåñÿòè÷íàÿ çàïÿòàÿ

Decipher

ðàñøèôðîâûâàòü

Decision box

áëîê (ïðîâåðêè) óñëîâèÿ (â áëîê-ñõåìå)

Decision instruction

êîìàíäà óñëîâíîãî ïåðåõîäà

Decision space

ïðîñòðàíñòâî ðåøåíèé (ìíîæåñòâî, èç êîòîðîãî âûáèðàþòñÿ ðåøåíèÿ)

Decision support system

èíôîðìàöèîííàÿ ìîäåëü, ñèñòåìà ïîääåðæêè ïðèíÿòèÿ ðåøåíèé

Decision table

òàáëèöà ðåøåíèé

Decision tree

äåðåâî ðåøåíèé

Deck

1. ëåíòîïðîòÿæíîå óñòðîéñòâî

2. íàêîïèòåëü íà ìàãíèòíîé ëåíòå, ÍÌË 3. ïàêåò ïåðôîêàðò

Declaration

îïèñàíèå, îïðåäåëåíèå

Declaration part

ðàçäåë îïèñàíèé

Declarative language

äåêëàðàòèâíûé [íåïðîöåäóðíûé] ÿçûê

Declarative representation

äåêëàðàòèâíîå ïðåäñòàâëåíèå

Declarative statement

1. îïåðàòîð îïèñàíèÿ

2. äåêëàðàòèâíûé îïåðàòîð

Declarator

îïèñàòåëü, ñïåöèôèêàòîð (çàäàþùèé òèï èëè àòðèáóò â îïèñàíèè)

Declared symbol

îïèñàííûé ñèìâîë, îïèñàííûé èäåíòèôèêàòîð

Decode

äåêîäèðîâàòü

Decollate

ðàçðûâàòü (ôàëüöîâàííóþ áóìàãó)

Decompiler

äåòðàíñëÿòîð, îáðàòíûé òðàíñëÿòîð

Decomposition

äåêîìïîçèöèÿ (ïðåäñòàâëåíèå ñëîæíîãî îáúåêòà â âèäå ñîâîêóïíîñòè ïðîñòûõ)

 

decrement I

äåêðåìåíò, îòðèöàòåëüíîå ïðèðàùåíèå; âû÷èòàåìàÿ âåëè÷èíà

 

decrement II

óìåíüøàòü

 

Decrement operation

îïåðàöèÿ äåêðåìåíòà, îïåðàöèÿ óìåíüøåíèÿ

Decryption

ðàñøèôðîâêà

Dedicated circuit

çàêðåïë¸ííûé [âûäåëåííûé] êàíàë

Dedicated word processor

ñèñòåìà ïîäãîòîâêè òåêñòîâ íà áàçå ñïåöèàëèçèðîâàííîé ìèêðîÝÂÌ

Deep binding

ãëóáîêîå ñâÿçûâàíèå (â ÿçûêå Ëèñï)

 

Deep structure

ãëóáèííàÿ ñòðóêòóðà (ñåìàíòè÷åñêîå ïðåäñòàâëåíèå òåêñòà)

Default

ïðèíèìàòü çíà÷åíèå ïî óìîë÷àíèþ

Default drive

òåêóùèé äèñê (ëîãè÷åñêîå óñòðîéñòâî)

Default library

áèáëèîòåêà, èñïîëüçóåìàÿ ïî óìîë÷àíèþ

Default option

1. ïàðàìåòð, âûáèðàåìûé ïî óìîë÷àíèþ 2. âàðèàíò, âûáèðàåìûé ïî óìîë÷àíèþ

Default parameter

ïàðàìåòð, ïðèíèìàþùèé çíà÷åíèå ïî óìîë÷àíèþ

Default reaction

ðåàêöèÿ ïî óìîë÷àíèþ

Default value

çíà÷åíèå ïî óìîë÷àíèþ; ñòàíäàðòíîå çíà÷åíèå

Deferred address

êîñâåííûé àäðåñ

Deferred addressing

êîñâåííàÿ àäðåñàöèÿ

Deferred constant

êîíñòàíòà âðåìåíè âûïîëíåíèÿ (ïðîãðàììû)

Definitional domain

îáëàñòü îïðåäåëåíèÿ

Definitional language

ÿçûê ñ îäíîêðàòíûì ïðèñâàèâàíèåì

Definitions module

ìîäóëü îïðåäåëåíèé, îïèñàíèå èíòåðôåéñà (â ÿçûêàõ ìîäóëüíîãî ïðîãðàììèðîâàíèÿ)

Degradation

ñíèæåíèå ïðîèçâîäèòåëüíîñòè

DEL (delete)

ñèìâîë ñòèðàíèÿ, ñèìâîë îòìåíû (â êîäå ASCII ïðåäñòàâëåí ÷èñëîì 127)

 

Delete

èñêëþ÷èòü; ñòèðàòü, óäàëÿòü

Delimiter

ðàçäåëèòåëü (íàïð. ïðîáåë, ñêîáêè)

Demand I/O

ââîä-âûâîä ïî çàïðîñó

Demand multiplexing

ìóëüòèïëåêñèðîâàíèå ïî òðåáîâàíèþ

Demand paging

ïîäêà÷êà ïî îáðàùåíèþ (â ñèñòåìàõ ñ âèðòóàëüíîé ïàìÿòüþ)

Demand processing

îáðàáîòêà (äàííûõ) ïî ìåðå ïîñòóïëåíèÿ

Demand staging

ïåðåìåùåíèå (äàííûõ) ïî çàïðîñó (â èåðàðõè÷åñêîé ïàìÿòè)

Demon

ïðèñîåäèí¸ííàÿ ïðîöåäóðà, äåìîí

Demount

ñíèìàòü (äèñêîâûé ïàêåò èëè ìàãíèòíóþ ëåíòó)

Dense index

ïëîòíûé èíäåêñ

Departure

âîçâðàò (â îïåðàöèîííóþ ñèñòåìó ïðè çàâåðøåíèè ïðèêëàäíîé çàäà÷è)

Dependency grammar

ãðàììàòèêà çàâèñèìîñòåé

Depth-balanced tree

ñáàëàíñèðîâàííîå äåðåâî

Depth-first search

ïîèñê â ãëóáèíó

Depth sorting

óïîðÿäî÷åíèå ïî ãëóáèíå (â ìàøèííîé ãðàôèêå)

Deque

äâóñòîðîííÿÿ î÷åðåäü, «äåê»

Dequeue

óáèðàòü èç î÷åðåäè

Dereferencing

ðàçûìåíîâàíèå; ñíÿòèå êîñâåííîñòè

Derivation

1. âûâîä (â ïîðîæäàþùåé ãðàììàòèêå) 2. ñëîâîîáðàçîâàíèå

Derivation step

øàã âûâîäà

 

Derivation tree

äåðåâî âûâîäà

Derivative

ïðîèçâîäíàÿ

Derived data item

ïðîèçâîäíûé ýëåìåíò äàííûõ (â ñåòåâûõ áàçàõ äàííûõ)

Derived field

ïðîèçâîäíîå ïîëå, ïðîèçâîäíûé ýëåìåíò äàííûõ

Derived type

ïðîèçâîäíûé òèï (äàííûõ)

Descendant

ïîòîìîê (âåðøèíà äåðåâà)

Descender

ïîäñòðî÷íûé ýëåìåíò (ëèòåðû)

Descending sort

ñîðòèðîâêà ïî óáûâàíèþ

Descriptor

äåñêðèïòîð, ïàñïîðò

Deselect

îòìåíÿòü âûäåëåíèå (â ýêðàííûõ ðåäàêòîðàõ è ìàøèííîé ãðàôèêå)

Design

1. ïðîåêò

2. ðàçðàáîòêà, ïðîåêòèðîâàíèå

Designation

îáîçíà÷åíèå, çàïèñü; ëèòåðàë, áóêâàëüíàÿ êîíñòàíòà

Designator

1. îáîçíà÷åíèå, êîä; èìåíóþùåå âûðàæåíèå 2. îçíà÷àþùåå

Desk check

«äîìàøíèé àíàëèç» (ïðîâåðêà ðàáîòû ïðîãðàììû ëîãè÷åñêèì àíàëèçîì å¸ òåêñòà áåç èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ ÝÂÌ)

Desktop metaphore

ìåòàôîðà ðàáî÷åãî ñòîëà

Desktop system

ñèñòåìà íåïîñðåäñòâåííîãî âçàèìîäåéñòâèÿ, ñèñòåìà òèïà «ðàáî÷èé ñòîë»

Despooling program

(ñèñòåìíàÿ) ïðîãðàììà áóôåðèçàöèè âûõîäíûõ ïîòîêîâ (â ìíîãîçàäà÷íûõ îïåðàöèîííûõ ñèñòåìàõ)

Destination

àäðåñàò, ìåñòî íàçíà÷åíèÿ (1. óçåë ñåòè ïåðåäà÷è äàííûõ 2. îáëàñòü èëè ÿ÷åéêà ïàìÿòè)

Destination code

àäðåñ (íàçíà÷åíèÿ)

Destination field

ïîëå àäðåñà

Destination file

âûõîäíîé ôàéë

Destructive backspace

âîçâðàò ñ óäàëåíèåì (â ñèñòåìàõ ïîäãîòîâêè òåêñòîâ)

Destructive read

ñ÷èòûâàíèå ñ ðàçðóøåíèåì

Detail design

ðàáî÷èé ïðîåêò

Detail file

ôàéë èçìåíåíèé (ïðè âåäåíèè ôàéëà)

Detectable element

îáíàðóæèâàåìûé ýëåìåíò (â ìàøèííîé ãðàôèêå)

De-update

âîññòàíàâëèâàòü (èñõîäíîå ñîñòîÿíèå ôàéëà, áàçû äàííûõ, òåêñòà)

Development system

ñèñòåìà ðàçðàáîòêè ïðîãðàìì

Device adapter

àäàïòåð (âíåøíåãî) óñòðîéñòâà

Device allocation

ðàñïðåäåëåíèå óñòðîéñòâ