Прочитайте текст еще раз и найдите английские экви-валенты указанных слов, словосочетаний и предложений.

 

a) второкурсник, жить в гармонии, побочные продукты их деятельности, разрушение озонового слоя, первые шаги.

b) Что касается меня, то я сделал свой выбор давно.

Огромные лесные пространства вырубаются и сгорают.

В результате исчезают навсегда некоторые редкие виды животных, птиц, рыб, многие реки и озера высыхают.

5. Восстановите по памяти (на русском языке) в каком контексте упоминаются следующие словосочетания:

favorite subjects

harmful substances

horrible ecological disaster

research center

Прослушайте дикторскую запись указанных ниже предложений. Постарайтесь понять, какие слова и словосочетания в них отсутствуют. Повторите полные предложения.

1. The by-products of their activity _________ the air we _______, the water we ________, the land we _________ grain and vegetables.

2. The consequences of ________ at the atomic power station are _______ for the Belarusian nation.

3. That is why ________ to create a system of ________ should be taken.

4. In many countries ________ protection ________ and ________ are set up.

5. We are to save life on the planet not only________ of the present but also for the _______ ________.

7. Научитесь читать следующие вопросительные предложения, имитируя интонацию диктора. Ответьте на вопросы.

 

1. What is the source of people’s life?

2. What do the words “development of civilization” mean?

3. What has the development of civilization led to?

4. Why did some species of animals, birds, plants disappear from the earth?

5. What do you know about ecological disasters on the Earth?

6. What are the consequences of these tragedies?

7. What has been done to solve ecological problems?

8. Why is your speciality important for all generations?

Разделите текст на логические части и озаглавьте их.

9. Послушайте тексты и ответьте на вопросы.

а)

1. Why do we have no right to blame our ancestors for their careless attitude to nature?

2. What produces a negative effect on the biosphere?

Our ancestors considered the Earth’s resources to be boundless and endless. We have no right to blame our ancestors for their ecological ignorance: they fought to live.

Even in the 19-th century when the word “ecology” was born people continued to use nature as consumers, considering Man to be “lord and king” of nature and not the child.

In the 19-th century with the growth of science and technology human achievements in conquering nature became so great that man’s economic activities began to produce an increasingly negative effect on the biosphere.

 

б)

1. Why didn’t the past wars affect the atmosphere?

2. What is life on the Earth impossible without?

 

In the past wars left their scars only where they were waged, and didn’t affect the atmosphere or the World Ocean. The impact of nuclear weapons is global and will affect land, air and sea environment. Nuclear explosions on the ground will cause irreversible changes in the chemical composition of the upper atmosphere. Life on the Earth is impossible without ozone. This gas, concentrated chiefly in the stratosphere (at on attitude of 10-50 kilometers) creates an “ozone shield” which protects life on the planet from the deadly impact of harsh ultraviolet radiation from the Sun.

Observations of anomalous phenomena in atmosphere and data on weather and clinic changes in the period between 1958 and 1962, when the most powerful atmospheric nuclear test were held, indicate that nuclear conflict would bring about an ecological disaster and the death of civilization on the Earth.

 

Перескажите текст «My Speciality».

 

MY PROFESSION IS A TEACHER

 

1. Прочитайте, запомните следующие слова:

 

trait	[treI]	характерная черта
loyalty	['lOIqltI]	верность
devotion	[dI'vOuSqn]	преданность
imparter	[Im'pa:tq]	тот, кто делится знаниями
to foresee	[fL'sJ]	предвидеть
to precede	[prJ'sJd]	предшествовать
feudal	['fjHdl]	феодальный
knowledgeable	['nOlIGqbl]	подготовленный

 

Прочитайте и переведите текст на русский язык.

 

If you ask me why of all humanities I have chosen history, my answer will be: it interests me as a science because it helps one to understand and explain the processes going on in various aspects of human history. It also helps one to foresee the course of events in the future. But no one can really study any particular period of history unless he knows a lot about what preceded it, and what came after it.

Now I am a second-year student of the Bratsk State University and I belong to the Humanitarian and Pedagogical Faculty. It was shortly before leaving school that I made up my mind to enter this faculty and take up History seriously as my future speciality.

I know that a teacher is the central figure in the teaching and educational process. A teacher takes an active part in shaping child’s character. He has a lot of difficulties trying to develop such traits of character as: kindness, loyalty, cooperation, respect for ideals, devotion to duty. The teaching profession is one of the most important and difficult ones. The students who have chosen the teaching profession should clearly understand what makes a good teacher. A teacher must be an educated person and he must like children. A real teacher must be a professional, he must have deep knowledge of his subject.

There are many historical subjects in our programme. When we are through with ancient History, we’ll pass over to the study of the Middle Ages. As to Russian History, I think we’ll start learning the pre-Revolutionary period next year, but not until we are through with the feudal period. When I am in my third year, I wish to devote myself to the special study of Modern and Contemporary History which I am greatly attracted to.

But to be a good teacher you also need some of the gifts of a good actor. The main difficulty is to hold the attention and interest of your class. You must be a clear speaker with good, strong and pleasing voice. Lisenkova, Shatalov, Ilyin, Amonashvilly and other famous teachers are not only the imparters of knowledge, but fine actors in class as well. One of the main ideas of their teaching methods is the pedagogics of cooperation. New demands are presented to the teacher by the school reform and the social prestige and authority of teaching profession will be raised.

Whether I’ll make a very good teacher or a research worker remains to be seen, but I’m sure that eventually I’ll become quite knowledgeable in the field of History and perhaps social sciences. Students graduating from our faculty are full of energy to apply in practice knowledge acquired at the University.

 

3. Научитесь правильно произносить следующие интернациональные слова:

humanity	[hjH'mxnItI]
faculty	[fxkqltI]
prestige	[pres'tI:Z]
authority	[LTOrItI]
social	['souSql]
energy	['enqGI]

 

4. Прочитайте текст еще раз и найдите английские эквиваленты:

а) слов и словосочетаний:

определенный; особый; события; незадолго до; учебный процесс; доброта.

 

б) предложений:

Я решил поступить на этот факультет.

Профессия учителя одна из самых важных и сложных.

У учителя должен быть сильный и приятный голос.

К учителям предъявлены новые требования.

У настоящего учителя должны быть глубокие знания по предмету.

 

5. Восстановите по памяти (на русском языке) в каком контексте упоминаются следующие английские словосочетания:

 

the processes going on in various aspects of human history; take up history seriously; a lot of difficulties; the feudal period; some of the gifts of a good actor.

 

Прослушайте дикторскую запись указанных ниже предложений. Постарайтесь понять, какие слова и словосочетания в них отсутствуют. Повторите полные предложения.

 

а) It interests me as ______________ because it _____________ one to ___________ and ______________ the processes going on in various aspects of human history.

б) I belong to the ____________ ___________ ____________.

c) A teacher is _____________ ______________ in the __________ and ____________ process.

d) A real teacher must be a _________________.

c) One of the main ideas of their _____________ ___________ is the __________ of ______________.

 

7. Научитесь читать следующие вопросительные предложения, имитируя интонацию диктора. Ответьте на вопросы.

 

1. Why did you enter the Humanitarian and Pedagogical faculty?

2. What subjects do you study?

3. What is necessary to be a good teacher?

4. When do the students of your faculty begin their specialization?

5. What famous teachers do you know?

6. What are you going to be after graduating from the University?