Разделите текст «My Future Profession» на логические части и озаглавьте их.

9. Прочитайте тексты и ответьте на вопросы.

а) 1. Why are police officers sometimes called “bobbies”?

2. What does “pounding the beat” mean?

 

The British police officer – sometimes called the “bobby” after Sir Robert Peel, the founder of the police force – is a well-known figure to anyone who has visited Britain or has seen British films. Policemen – and women – are to be seen in towns and cities keeping law and order, either walking in the streets (“pounding the beat”) or driving in cars (known as “panda cars” because their distinctive markings). Few people realize, however, that the police in Britain are organized very differently from many other countries.

 

б) 1. What is the lowest professional rank in the British police?

2. What training should police officers get?

 

All members of the police must have gained a certain level of academic qualifications at school and undergone a period of intensive training. Like the army, there are a number of ranks: after the Chief Constable comes the Assistant Chief Constable, Chief Superintendent, Chief Inspector, Sergeant and Constable. Women make up about 10 per cent of the police force. The police are helped by a number of Special Constables – members of the public who work for the police voluntarily for a few hours a week.

Перескажите текст «My Future Speciality».

MATHEMATICS AND INFORMATICS

 

1. Прочитайте, запомните следующие слова:

analysis	[q'nxlqsIs]	анализ
sign	[saIn]	знак, символ
symbol	['sImbql]	символ, эмблема, знак
Arabic	['xrqbIk]	арабский
numeral	['njHmqrql]	цифра
addition	[q'dISqn]	сложение
subtraction	[sqb'trxkSqn]	вычитание
multiplication	["mAltIplI'keISqn]	умножение
division	[dI'vIZqn]	деление
equality	[I:'kwOlItI]	равенство
relatively	['relqtIvlI]	относительно
exciting	[Ik'saItIN]	волнующий
discipline	['dIsIplIn]	дисциплина
device	[dI'vaIs]	устройство, прибор

Прочитайте и переведите текст.

 

My Future Speciality

I am a student of the Bratsk State University. My future speciality is connected with the teaching of mathematics and informatics. No problems in physics, mechanics and many other sciences can be solved without mathematics. Every field of mathematics involves different problems. It is an important subject for the students of science. Mathematics sometimes is called “the queen of sciences.” The language of mathematics may be called the language of science. It consists of signs and symbols. Some of the best known symbols of mathematics are the Arabic numerals (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0) and the signs of addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (x), division (:), equality (=), and the alphabets: Greek, Latin, Gothic. People invented special devices to make computations easier, especially in dealing with large numbers. So modern science is impossible without computers. Computer science is a relatively new and exciting field of study and research. It is a broad discipline covering logic design, the theory of computation, numeral analysis, programming and computer application. That’s why I decided to choose this profession.

 

3. Переведите следующие однокоренные слова, определите, какой частью речи они являются:

Mathematics – mathematician – mathematical.

Teach – teacher – teaching.

Study – student – studied – studious- studio – studentship.

Scientific – science – scientist.

Invent – invented – inventing – inventor – invention.

Compute – computation – computing – computer.

Special – specialist – specialize – specialization – specially –speciality.

Apply – application – applied.

Equal – equality – equalize – equation.

 

4. Расположите следующие слова в алфавитном порядке и переведите их:

fingers, numbers, count, instead of, systems, easy, digits, binary, ancient, hands, written, multiplication, rarely, octal, know, then, present, use, learn.

 

§ Сколько букв в английском алфавите?

§ Сколько букв не хватает в этом списке?

 

Дайте степени сравнения следующих прилагательных. Составьте с ними предложения.

 

Easy

Early

Ancient

Difficult

 

6. Подберите в русском языке слова, соответствующие следующим интернациональным словам:

system, user, figure, numeral, scale, number, special, especially, division, present, numeration, fractions, multiplication.

 

Прочитайте и переведите текст.

Number Systems

Number systems were among the first words used when people began to talk but it has taken thousands of years for people to learn how to use numbers or the written figures which we call “numerals.”

In early days people often counted on a scale of three or four instead of ten and sometimes other number scales were used. Later they found it more convenient to count by tens using the fingers of both hands. We still use this scale in counting: that is, we count to ten; then to ten tens, then to ten times ten tens, and so on.

When people first began to use numbers they knew only one way to work with them: that was to count. Later they found out how to add, subtract and multiply. They invented special devices to make computations easier, especially in dealing with large numbers.

Division was not often needed in ancient times in comparison with multiplication, and it is far more rarely employed than addition and subtraction at the present time.

Besides the decimal number system which we commonly use there are other systems of numeration such as the binary, octal, etc. In the number systems we use digits. The Latin word ''digiti'' means “fingers.”

In ancient times it was very difficult to use fractions because they did not know any easy way of writing them. Decimal fractions were introduced in the 16-th. century and are now much more commonly used than common fractions.

8. Найдите в тексте эквиваленты следующих слов и выражений:

только один способ, древние времена, десятичные дроби, простые дроби, место, потребовались тысячи лет, система исчисления, по сравнению, гораздо реже, особенно при работе (с), намного чаще.

 

9. Составьте все возможные типы вопросов к следующим предложениям:

1. People invented special devices to make computations easier, especially in dealing with large numbers.

2. Decimal fractions were introduced in the 16-th century.

3. It has taken thousands of years for people to learn how to use numbers.

10. Прочитайте письмо и напишите ответ:

Dear Sergei

How are you? I have received your letter of 10-th June for which I thank you very much. I am sorry I haven’t written to you sooner, but I have had many things to do. You know it was a very hard year for me. I spent my time getting ready for my exams and I was doing well in many subjects.

After passing the exams I was enrolled into the University. The whole course of study is five years. My major subject is mathematics. It is my favorite and my hobby. I am good at it and do maths whenever I have a chance. I take many courses in this subject. I like to take part in mathematical competitions organized at our department and at the University. I think that mathematics is “the queen of sciences” and plays an important part in our life. We are lucky to have a brilliant lecturer in mathematics this term. He has a talent to take a difficult subject and make it simple. You leave the lecture hall with a feeling that mathematics is the most interesting subject under the sun. Next term I’ll do research in the field of computer engineering.

Good-bye for the present,

your friend Mike.

 

Расскажите о вашей будущей профессии.

INFORMATION SYSTEM

Прочитайте, запомните следующие слова:

computer	[kqm'pjHtq]	счетно-решающее устройство, компьютер
device	[dI'vaIs]	устройство, прибор
prior	['praIq]	веский, более важный
initially	[I'nISqlI]	в начальной стадии
applicable	['xplIkqbl]	применимый, пригодный, подходящий
complicate	['kOmplikeit]	усложнять
complicated	['kOmplikeitid]	сложный
digest	['daiGest]	сборник, справочник
digest	[dI'Gest]	классифицировать
inventory	['InvqntrI]	опись
purchase	['pq:Cqs]	покупка, стоимость
bill	[bIl]	счет
transaction	[trxn'zxkSqn]	дело, сделка
nowadays	['nauqdeiz]	в наши дни
payroll = paysheet		платежная ведомость
ongoing (going on)		поведение, повадки
manipulate	[mq'nIpjuleIt]	– управлять, умело обращаться

Прочитайте и переведите текст.

My future speciality

I study at the University. My future speciality is the computer technology. Among different devices of calculation computers stand out as prior.

Personal Computers or simply PCs are a common feature of our life. Initially the computer was designed as a tool to manipulate numbers and thus solve arithmetic problems. At present it is applicable for a great variety of tasks.

Nowadays computers are considered to be complicated machines for doing arithmetic and logic. The computer is an important and powerful tool for collecting, recording, analysing and distributing tremendous masses of information.

Today it would be difficult to find any task that calls for the processing of large amount of information that is not performed by a computer. In science computers digest and analyse masses of measurements. In commerce they record and process inventories, purchases, bills, payrolls, bank deposits and the like and keep track on ongoing business transactions. In industry they monitor and control manufacturing processes. In government they keep statistics and analyse economic information.

Advanced automation is impossible without computers. Computer science is a relatively new and exciting field of study and research. It is a broad discipline covering logic design, the theory of computation, numeral analyses, programming and computer application.

All the students improve their knowledge of computer in the computing center of the University. Many students take part in the research work at the department of the faculty.

Those who graduate from our departments work as engineers and teachers. I am a second-year student and I am eager to master my speciality as it is very important and necessary nowadays.