Use the words in the box to fill in the blanks.

Veins             arteries             nutrients         capillaries           away

Transport          oxygen          energy              dark                     heat

Circulatory          lungs                 carbon dioxide        bright                     to

Blood                 heart                    pumped            intestine          atmosphere

 

All animals need to ________________ materials around to the different parts of their body. This is the job of the ________________ system. The circulatory system consists of a liquid called _______________, a pump called the ________________ and a series of vessels called _________________ and ________________.

One thing that must be transported around is a gas called _____________. Oxygen enters the blood through the ______________. It is then ____________ through the heart and around the body where it is used along with food to make ______________. The body produces another gas called _______________, which is a waste product. This gas is carried back to the heart and then to the lungs where it is released back into the _______________.

The vessels that transport blood _________ from the heart are called arteries. The blood in arteries is _____________ red because it is rich in oxygen. The vessels that transport blood _______________ the heart are called veins. The blood in veins is ______________ red because it is low in oxygen. ________________ are small vessels that join the arteries and veins.

_______________ from food are also transported around the body by the circulatory system. They enter the blood from the small _________________. The circulatory system also helps to regulate temperature by transporting _________________ around the body.

Crossword

Across

3. The place where nutrients enter the blood.

7. The pump in the circulatory system.

8. A small vessel that connects veins and arteries.

10. The circulatory system ___________ nutrients, gases, liquids, and heat around the body.

11. The circulatory system transports this, which helps regulate temperature.

12. The liquid in the circulatory system.

13. The place where oxygen enters the blood and carbon dioxide leaves the blood.

14. A vessel that moves blood to the heart.

15. A gas that is transported in arteries from the lungs to the rest of the body via the heart.

Down

1. The heart ___________ blood.

2. The heart, blood, and vessels.

4. Blood in arteries is ____________ red because it is rich in oxygen.

5. The largest artery in the body.

6. A waste gas that is transported in veins from the body to the lungs via the heart.

9. A vessel that moves blood away from the heart.

Word Search

Aorta         artery               blood         bright red capillary

carbon dioxide     circulate                dark red                 four chambers         heart

Lungs               nutrients              oxygen                     red blood cells pump

Transport         valve               Vein               water               white blood cells

Тема2.4.TheDigestiveSystem/ Пищеварительнаясистема

Level A

We learn the new words / Мыучимновыеслова

fuel - топливо

broken down - расщеплена

chemicals - химическиевещества

digestion - переваривание

esophagus - пищевод

stomach - желудок

small intestines - тонкийкишечник

large intestines - толстыйкишечник

gallbladder - желчныйпузырь

pancreas - поджелудочнаяжелеза

liver - печень

sac – мешок

acid – кислот

lining – внутреннепокрытие

squeezing – сжатие

peristalsis –перистальтика

growling – рычание

villi – ворсинки

absorb – всасывать

feces – фекалии

colon – толстаякишка

We read / Мычитаем

    The human body needs fuel to live. We eat food for fuel. But just getting the food into the body is only a small part of the process. The food must be broken down into chemicals that the body can use. This whole process is called digestion. Some of the organs involved in digestion are the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, gallbladder, pancreas and liver.

Traveling Food

The stomach is a sac shaped like a "j" and is about eight inches long. In the stomach, food is mixed with acids. The muscles in the stomach move, which helps break down the food. The stomach is protected from the acid by a lining. From the stomach, the food pulp is sent to the small intestine. Food leaves the stomach a little bit at a time.

    The small intestine is the final place for digestion. Measuring about twenty feet in length, the small intestine is one inch in diameter. Digestive juices released in the small intestine finish breaking down the food.

    The food is moved along the small intestine in a squeezing motion known as peristalsis. This motion is much the same as squeezing a tube of toothpaste. All of this movement causes the noise when we say our stomach is "growling."

Lining the small intestine are millions of fingers called villi. These absorb the chemicals that we need from the food into the body. It is at this point the food is actually in the body.

    Waste products and food that are not absorbed in the small intestine pass into the large intestine. This waste material is called feces. The large intestine is only five feet long but is larger in diameter than the small intestine. The large intestine includes the colon.

    In the large intestine, feces are formed from water, undigested food and bacteria. Water is absorbed back into the body so the waste material becomes more solid as it travels through the colon. It may take as long as twenty hours for food to pass completely through the large intestine.

Quiz