Fill in the blanks with prepositions

1. Ancient Egyptians cut words into walls and wrote... a type... paper.

2. Doctors made medicines... plants, and they were good... putting bandages... wounds.

3. Even today, doctors put honey... wounds because it helps wounds to heal quickly.

4.... Ancient Greece many people believed that evil spirits or angry gods made them ill.

5. Ancient Greek doctors made medicines made... plants and they wrote about which medicines worked.

6. Romans built giant bridges called aqueducts that brought water to cities … the high hills.

 

Grammar Exercises

 

Pay attention to the sentence from the text Обратитевниманиенапредложениеизтекста:

Romans also built pipes to take waste away from the cities to keep the cities clean. Римляне

также проводили трубы, чтобы удалить мусор из городов и поддерживать чистоту в городах.

 

We use the infinitive to say the reason for doing something.

Find other examples of this use of the infinitive in the text. Write them out and translate.

 

Past Simple Tense — Простое прошедшее время
The doctors made medicines	Did the doctors make medicines? What did the doctors make?
I made You made he, she, it made we made you made they made	What When Why How Where What for	Did I make? Did you make? Did he/she/it make? Did we make? Did you make? Did they make?
	Who	Made?

 

Ask special questions to the sentences

1. Ancient Egyptians used magic spells to cure people. (What.../Who...)

2. Ancient Romans built baths and toilets for lots of people. (Who.../ What...)

3. Hippocrates was a Greek doctor and a teacher. (Who...)

4. In Ancient Egypt people cut words into walls. (Where...)

5. Being dirty and drinking dirty water made people ill. (What …)

6. Romans went to the baths to wash and to meet friends. (Why...)

 

Make up sentences from the given words.

1. used/to make/plants/Ancient doctors/medicines.

2. thought/Ancient Romans/drinking/ill./dirty water/that/made people/

3. Doctors/were/putting bandages/in Egypt/on wounds./good at/on wounds

4. Every day/ went/ to wash/ Romans/ and/ to meet friends./ to the baths

5. used /Early/mud/ to heal/people/ broken/ bones.

6. safe to eat./Early people/ plants/ which ones /tasted /were / to test

 

 

Read and translate the text.

 

Words for learning influenza|ɪnflʊˈɛnzə| грипп,простуда, plague|pleɪɡ| чума, fight |fʌɪt| бой. Битва, драка, infected |ɪnˈfektɪd| инфецированный, зараженный, incurable |ɪnˈkjʊərəb(ə)l| неизлечимый, care for заботитьсяо, nuns |nʌnz|монахини ward|wɔːd| палата, surgeon|ˈsəːdʒ(ə)n| хирург, badly wounded- тяжелораненый

 

Medicine in the Middle Ages

In the Middle Ages millions of people died from such diseases as diphtheria, typhoid, fever, influenza and leprosy. But the worst disease at that time was the plague. Plague (the “Black death”) killed millions of people in Europe and Asia. Nobody knew how to fight with the disease and people just ran away from the infected areas. Leprosy was also incurable. Patients with leprosy lived in special colonies away from other people.    

The first hospitals appeared in Ceylon in the fifth century B.C. and in India in 260 B.C. During the Middle Ages hospitals were founded in Italy, France, England and other European countries. Monks and nuns cared for patients in hospitals. They were not doctors ornurses and they did not cure patients. They just gave patients food and a bed and said prayers for them. Monks and nuns cared for many patients who had the plague because the patients had to stay in hospital until they died. 

At the same time in the Middle East there were many hospitals. Many doctors and nurses cared for patients there. These doctors also made medicines for patients. They treated everyone who came to them. There were different wards for different diseases in these hospitals. There were also pools and fountains because doctors thought that the sound of moving water helped patients to rest.

Barbers were the first surgeons. People could go to barber shops where the barbers cut hair. They could also pull out sore teeth. Later barbers started to treat wounds from fights and cut off arms or legs which were badly wounded.

Vocabulary Exercises