A. Are these statements true or false? Write T (true) or F (false).

1. Canto and Owen both eat what they want.

2. A low-calorie diet causes age-related diseases.

3. People who eat less may have longer lives.

B. Circle the letter of the best answer.

1. Owen and Canto the same age.

a. are b. look c. are almost

2. Canto common health problems of old age.

a. has many b. has some c. does not have

3. Researchers think will live 30 percent longer on the low-calorie diet.

a. Owen b. Canto c. people

4. In a research study, mice on a restricted diet lived longer than normal mice.

a. 20 percent b. 30 percent c. 40 percent

5 When does the body produce sirtuin?

a. all the time b. when genes slow the body down

c. when the body does not have a lot of food

6. What was the difference between the two groups of people in the research study?

a. One group consumed only 500 calories per day.

b. One group was healthier at the end of the study.

c. One group was three years older.

7. Members of the Calorie Restriction Society.

a. fast on some days b. believe they will live 200 years

c. eat more than 2,000 calories per day

8. Scientists expect if they consume fewer calories.

a. people will live 30 percent longer b. people will live healthier lives

c. people will feel 60 years younger

VOCABULARY CHECK

C. Retell the story. Fill in the blanks with the correct words from the box.

Will you live longer if you eat less? Scientists are studying the relationship between a low-calorie (1)_________ and (2) _________in animals. In one experiment, one group of mice (3) ___________fewer (4) ___________ than a second group. The first group lived (5) _________ longer than the second and appeared much healthier.

Scientists now want to know if there are benefits to people as well as to (6) __________. They are looking at the (7) _______from a research study involving humans. Members of the Calorie (8) __________ Society eat a limited amount of very nutritious food.

Some days they (9) _________instead of eating. Scientists think that a substance called sirtuin is more active when the body gets less food. Sirtuin may slow down the aging (10) _________. So does eating less help people live longer? Possibly. However, we still need to wait for scientists to do more research.

APPLYING READING SKILLS

A. Work with a partner. Read the questions below. Then go back to the text to find the information that you will need to answer the questions. The information in the box below the questions will help you calculate percentage increase or decrease.

1. Monkeys usually live 27 years. To what age do scientists expect Canto to live?

2. Mice usually live for 12 months. How many months do scientists expect the mice that ate fewer calories to live?

B. Show your understanding of percentage data. Answer the questions below.

1. Average life expectancy in the United States is 77 years. How long do scientists expect average Americans on low-calorie diets to live if they expect them to increase their life expectancy by 2 percent?

2. How long do scientists expect average Americans on low-calorie diets to live if they expect them to increase their life expectancy by 9 percent?

3. If a woman who normally eats 2,000 calories a day restricts her calories a day by 35 percent, how many calories a day will she eat?

DISCUSSION

Discuss the following questions in pairs or groups.

1. Do you think scientists should use monkeys to do scientific experiments? Explain.

2. Does the research make you want to restrict the number of calories you eat? Why or why not?

3. In addition to having a healthy diet, what else can you do to increase your life expectancy?

 

Lesson 69.

VOCABULARY

a) Label the pictures with the expressions from the box

	land pollution / water pollution / land pollution / noise

 

 

 

 

 

b) What are the effects of pollution on the environment and on the people?

Look at the labeled pictures and complete the table:

headache	hole in the ozone layer	smog	disease / sickness
chemical reaction	skin rash	burn	breathing problem
acid rain	stomachache	deafness	weakness

Effects of pollution on people	Effects of pollution on the environment

READING

a) Now read text 1 and text 2 and find out the causes and the effects of each type of pollution

TEXT 1 TEXT 2

 

Text	Type of pollution	causes	effects
			- - - -
			- - -

b) Then, answer the question:

Why is the air we breathe polluted? (text 1)

" The air we breathe is polluted ………………………………………

3)Read text 3 and text 4 and answer the questions:

TEXT 3 TEXT 4

 

 

a) Find equivalent expressions from text 3:

Contaminated food = ………………………………………………………………………………………….………..

Polluted air = …………….………………………………………………………………………………………………….

b) Are contaminated food and polluted air harmful of our health? Justify…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

c) Read text 4 and label the pictures:

 

 

u……………………… v…………………………………..

d) What can happen when inflammables catch fire?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

e) Connect the sentence parts with a linker of consequence:

- - - -

Circle the correct alternative:

Pollution is dangerous. (That’s why / Because / But) everyone has to take actions against it. For example:

E (Therefore / whereas / because) household chemicals are harmful, we must handle them with care.

E Batteries from toys, mobile phones and cars leak heavy metals. (Because / So / Can) they must be disposed of properly.

E Moreover, people cut trees. (As a result / First / Because) many bird species disappear.

E Besides, plastic bags are a major source of waste. (Therefore / Because / will) we should not throw them everywhere.

3. READING