Fill in the blanks with one suitable word and read about another outstanding scientist.

schools	main	member	interest	considered
against	Academy	languages	history	expeditions

Oleksandr Potebnya

Oleksandr Potebnya studied law, history and philology at Kharkiv State University. In the early 1860s, he was an active ____ (1) of the Ukrainophile Kharkiv Hromada, took part in folklore ____(2) to Poltava and Okhtyrka regions to collect ancient folk songs and rituals, wrote a Ukrainian primer for Sunday _____ (3). He was a Professor of Kharkiv Historical Philological society and also a corresponding member of the Russian Imperial ___ (4) of Sciences.

As a linguist Oleksandr Potebnya had four areas of ____ (5): the philosophy of the language, the historical phonetics of the east Slavic ___ (6); etymology and Slavic historical syntax. His ___ (7) works on the philosophy of language are “Thought and Language”, “From Notes of Russian Grammar” and “language and Nationality”.

Oleksandr Potebnya _____ (8) language as an individual’s and nation’s means of world perceiving and thinking. That is why he protested ____ (9) denationalization in general and the Russification of Ukraine in particular.

Potebnya analyzed the history of language as the ____ (10) of its dialects, and one of the first linguists to use a concept of a phonetic law. He wrote numerous works on accentology, esthetics and poetics. In 1945 his name was given to the Institute of Linguistics.

5. READING

A. The Nobel Foundation. Read the text.

Nobel Prizes

Nobel Prizes are awarded every year to people or institutions for important contributions in the fields of: Physics, Chemistry, Medicine, Literature, Peace and Economic Sciences. Alfred Nobel, a Swedish chemist and inventor created a fund to award people or institutions and expressed his wish that the prizes should include a money award, a gold medal and a diploma with the winner’s name and the name of the field of achievement.

The Board of Directors of the Nobel Foundation controls the funds and chooses the winners in each of the six fields. The Foundation awarded the first Nobel Prizes on December 10, 1901. The winners were: Sully Prudhomme from France for Literature; Emil von Behring from Germany for Medicine; Wilhelm Roentgen from Germany for Physics; Jacobus Henricus van’t Hoff from Holland for Chemistry; and the Red Cross from Switzerland and France for Peace.

The Nobel Foundation awarded the Nobel Prize in the field of Economic Sciences in 1968 for the first time.

B. Circle T for true or F for false for the sentences below.

Nobel Prizes are awarded to people or institutions every two years. T /F

There are six fields considered for the Nobel Prizes. T /F

Alfred Nobel created gold medals for the winners. T /F

The Nobel Foundation decides who the winners of the Nobel Prizes are. T /F

Nobel Prize winners get money, a medal and a diploma. T/F

C. Write the correct question word in each question.

1. _________ does the Nobel Foundation award Nobel Prizes?

Every year.

2. _________ fields are included in the Nobel Prizes?

Physics, Chemistry, Medicine, Literature, Peace and Economic Sciences.

3. _________ was Alfred Nobel?

He was a Swedish chemist and inventor.

4. _________ does the Nobel Prize include?

A money award, a gold medal and a diploma.

5. _________ did the Foundation award the first Nobel Prizes?

In 1901

6. DID YOU KNOW?

When Pavlo Tychyna and Mykola Bazhan, both remarkable world-class poets, were nominated for the Nobel Prize, the Soviet Authorities forced them to write letters of refusal. A third poet, Vasyl Stus, the greatest Ukrainian post-war poet, who was imprisoned under Brezhnev, was nominated for the Nobel Prize in 1985 but died in a prison camp that same year.

 

 

Lesson 62

1. VOCABULARY

SPECIALISTS.

A. Some of these words look so much alike that we often confuse them. See if you can get them straight. Here are some specialists with brief descriptions of their specialties. Check the one correct title that fits the description in each case.

1. He treats children’s diseases.

a. He is an orthopaedist.

b. He is a paediatrician.

c. He is a pathologist.

2. He corrects deformities of the body.

a. He is a gynaecologist.

b. He is an orthopaedist.

c. He is a pathologist.

3. He straightens crooked teeth.

a. He is an orthodontist.

b. He is an orthopaedist.

c. He is a pathologist.

4. He is a medical doctor who specializes in diseases of the eye.

a. He is an oculist.

b. He is an optician.

c. He is an orthopaedist.

5. He makes your eyeglasses.

a. He is an oculist.

b. He is an orthopaedist.

c. He is an optician.

6. He specializes in disorder of the mind.

a. He is an intern.

b. He is a psychiatrist.

c. He is a physiotherapist.

7. He treats diseases by electricity.

a. He is a pathologist.

b. He is a physiotherapist.

c. He is a psychologist.

8. His speciality is taking and interpreting X rays.

a. He is a gynaecologist.

b. He is a neurologist.

c. He is a radiologist.

9. He specializes in diseases of the nervous system.

a. He is a cardiologist.

b. He is a dermatologist.

c. He is a neurologist.

10. He treats diseases of old age.

a. He is a cardiologist.

b. He is a geriatrician.

c. He is paediatrician.

11. He specializes in skin diseases.

a. He is a dermatologist.

b. He is a geriatrician.

c. He is a pathologist.

12. He treats women’s diseases.

a. He is a dermatologist.

b. He is a geriatrician.

c. He is a gynaecologist.

13. He brings children into the world.

a. He is a gynaecologist.

b. He is an obstetrician.

c. He is a paediatrician.