B. Stonehenge, southern England

Stonehenge is located on Salisbury Plain in southern England. It was built in three stages starting from 3000 BC onwards and finishing in 2000 BC. It formed a perfect circle of huge rectangular stones that were linked by beams. The stones were lined up precisely so that the sunrise and moonrise could be seen at certain times of the year. Today a visitor to Stonehenge can see parts of two circles of stone blocks.

No one is actually sure who built these mysterious giant stone circles or why. One theory suggested that the Romans built Stonehenge, while another suggested it was the Druids, a group of Celtic priests. In the 20^th century, archaeologists proved these theories wrong. They showed that work on Stonehenge began 2000 years before the Celts or Romans arrived in the area. Today it is widely believed that. Neolithic people in Britain built Stonehenge. But there’s still a lot of mystery surrounding this fascinating stone circle.

3. Underline the correct word.

1. Although the lake is man-made/traditional, it is still beautiful.

2. Unfortunately, pollution has broken/damaged the monument.

3. You can find out more at the information desk/table.

4. Stonehenge is a famous building/landmark.

5. They have been invited to the opening/open day of a new art gallery.

6. The artist had used water colours in his painting/carving.

7. The telephone was invented/discovered by Alexander Bell.

8. The Romans completed/located the Colosseum in 82 AD.

9. They told us not to touch the exhibitions/exhibits.

10. Entry to the museum was free of/from charge.

 

4. Fill in the missing adjectives from the list.

old, traditional, fascinating, enormous, popular, unforgettable

Jorvik Viking Centre, York

The Jorvik Viking Centre is a 1) ………. place to visit, with many strange and delightful sights to see. The museum is located underground, in the 2) ………. town of York. Visitors can see part of the Viking town that was discovered when a local shopping centre was being built. The museum has a display of 3) ………. costumes. You can also see an 4) ………. old wooden fishing boat, which is a 5) ………. exhibit with many tourists. Visitors to this museum will spend an 6) ………. time here.

5. Read the descriptions of the places and fill in the missing words.

 

6.Complete the chart with words from the list. Some words can be used twice.

antiques, paintings, bridges, castle, statues, chapels and churches, gold and silver, carvings, art galleries, sculptures

…………….
……………
…………

 

 

Landmarks and buildings

found in a town

……………

 

…………….
…………

 

……………
…………….

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

.……….

 

IItems found in museums

and galleries

……………………
…………….
…………

 

7.Put the verbs into the correct passive tense, then use the prompts (a-e) to ask and answer questions in pairs.

The Louvre is the national museum and art gallery of France. In 1546, work on the Louvre 1) ……….. (start) by King Francis I. The Louvre 2) ………. (use) as a royal palace until 1682. It 3) ………. (open) to the public as a museum and art gallery in 1793.

Today many of the world’s most famous paintings 4) ………. (keep) in the Louvre, as well as sculptures, jewellery and other forms of art. It 5) ……….. (visit) by millions of people every year.

SA: When was work on the Louvre started?

SB: Work on the Louvre was started in 1546.

a When/work/the Louvre/start?

b What/it/use as/until 1682?

c When/the Louvre/open/to the public?

d What/keep/in the Louvre?

e How many people/it/visit/every year?

 

8. In pairs, ask and answer questions, then talk about each place, as in the example.

Name: Eiffel Tower, Paris, France Name: Parthenon, Athens, Greece

Designer: Gustave Eiffel Designer: Ictinus & Callicrates

Completed: 1889 Completed: 423 BC

Material: iron Material: marble

Built as: memorial to the French Built as: temple of goddess Athena Revolution

 

Name: Leaning Tower of Pisa, Italy

Designer: Bonnano Pisano

Completed: 14 Centery

Material: white marble

Built as: bellfower of Pisa Cathedral

 

Name: Arc de Triomphe (Arch of Triumph), Paris, France

Designer: Jean Chalgrin

Date: 1835

Material: stone blocks

Built as: memorial to Napoleon’s victorious battles

 

SA: WheRre is the Eiffel Tower located?

SB: It is located in Paris, France. Who was it designed by?

SA: It was designed by Gustave Eiffel. When was it completed?

SB: It was completed in 1889. What is it made of?

SA: It is made of iron. Why was it built?

SB: It was built as a memorial to the French Revolution.

 

The Eiffel Tower is located in Paris, in France. It was designed by Gustave Eiffel and it was completed in 1889. It is made of iron. It was built as a memorial to the French Revolution.

9. a. Read the text, then match the paragraphs to these headings.

1. Recommendation ….. 3. Name/Location/Description …..

2. Historical Facts ….. 4. Things to see/do there …..

a. Uluru might just be the most photographed rock in the world. This beautiful, enormous rock is located in Uluru National Park, 450 kilometres from Alice Springs in Australia.

b. The rock was first seen by Europeans in 1872 and was discovered by Ernest Giles. It had been called Ayers Rock until 1985 when it was given to the Anangu Aborigines. They are deeply religious people and the giant rock is very special to them. That’s why it’s now called Uluru, which means ‘The Centre of the Earth’.

c. Uluru is surrounded by very flat land, so the giant rock can be seen from far away. People are amazed by its beautiful orange colour and they enjoy exploring its small caves that contain fascinating carvings and drawings. Visitors who climb to the top of Uluru also get a fantastic view of the countryside.

d. Uluru is certainly one of nature’s most dramatic and beautiful sights. It should not be missed by any visitors to the Australian Outback.

 

b. Read the article again and say if the sentences are T (true) or F (false).

1. Uluru National Park is located in Alice Springs.

2. The rock was first seen by Aborigines in 1985.

3. The Anangu Aborigines are deeply religious people.

4. Uluru is surrounded by giant rocks.

10. Read the notes, then, in pairs, ask and answer questions about the Pyramid of the Sun using the prompts.

what/called, where/located,

what/look like, who/built by,

when/completed, what/made of,

what/used for, who/discovered by,

what/to do

Name: Pyramid of the Sun

Location: ancient city of Teotihuacan, Mexico

Description: pyramid with hundreds of steps that lead up to the site of an old temple

Built by: The Teotihuacanos

Completed: AD 200

Material: earth and red rock

Used for: for religious reasons

Discovered by: Aztecs first found the ancient city

things to do: climb up steps to top of pyramid - admire view – can see two other pyramids and ancient road

9. a) Complete the dialogue using the questions in the list.

How old is it? What does it look like? What’s that?

A: Did you have a good time in Greece, Mary?

B: Yes, thanks. It was wonderful. The best place we visited was the Acropolis.

A: Really? 1) …

B: It’s an ancient building on top of a hill in Athens.

A: Oh. 2) …

B: It was built by the ancient Greeks in 500BC.

A: That’s amazing. 3) …

B: It’s made of marble and it has lots of columns. It’s really beautiful.

A: It sounds fantastic. I wish I’d been there with you.

b) Now, in pairs, use the prompts below to act similar dialogues.

1.

· India

· Taj Mahal

· Ancient building in Agra

· Built by an emperor in the 17^th century

· made of marble – has lots of domes

2.

· Scotland

· Edinburg Castle

· Old building on top of a hill in Edinburgh

· Built in middle Ages

· made of stone

· has lots of rooms

Quiz

How much do you know about the Pyramids?

1. The Pyramids of Giza were built

A in 34 BC. B between 2575 – 2465 BC C in 34 AD.

2. The largest pyramid is the Great Pyramid of

A Cleopatra B King Khafre C King Khufu.

3. It took the Edyptians ……. years to build the Great Pyramid.

A 100 B 20 C 120

4. How many men worked to build the Great Pyramid?

A 100,000 B 1,000,000 C 1,000

5. How many blocks of stone were used to build the Great Pyramid?

A 2,300,000 B 300,000 C 23,000,000

6. Each block of stone weighed about

A 25 tons. B 10 tons. C 2,5 tons.

7. The Pyramids were buildings where

A dead kings and queens were placed.

B kings and queens lived.

C kings and queens got married.

8. The Pyramids are among the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World because they are

A huge.

B geometrically perfect.

C made of stone.

Speaking

Use the information from the quiz and any other information you can find to talk about the Pyramids. Say:

· where they were built

· material used

· how long it took to built them

· what they were used for

Project

Collect information about any widely known sight in our country and write a short text about it. Decorate your project with pictures. Write about:

· what it is famous for

· place where located

· when it was built

· the reason to build

9. Learn the useful phrases.