Тема 19. 3. Контроль знаний. Коллоквиум

1. Is there any difference between the terms “confinement” and “imprisonment”?
2. Speak about the history of prisons in brief. What can you say about the functions of prisons in old times and nowadays?
3. What do you think about the growth of prisoners as well as crimes? What is it connected with?
4. Is it possible to reduce the number of prisoners committed the most “popular” crimes like burglary, robbery, theft? What ways could be effective to your point of view?
5. What kinds of prisons do you know according to the level of security?
6. What levels of security in prison more severe and what are less?
7. Explain what kinds of crimes give an opportunity to “visit” this or that types of jails.
8. Does the imprisonment give any treatment to the prisoners? Prove your point of view?
9. What is your attitude toward the death penalties for the crimes? Is the death penalty allowed in your country or not?
10. What are the ways of juvenile delinquency decrease? What are the most effective of them?
11. Do you agree that the violence on TV can affect the crime level? How can you prove your ideas?
12. What can you say about the crime level in your country?
13. Can you explain what groups of citizens are involved in crime commitment?
14. Do you have in your country the Lawyers’ Day? When do you celebrate it, if you have any?
15. Can you distinguish the terms “advocate” and “lawyer”?
16. What are the merits and demerits of the lawyer’s profession?
17. Do you know any famous lawyer’s companies? Say a few words about these firms.
18. What can you say about the solicitor’s practice?
19. Can you distinguish the difference between the lawyer and the barrister?
20. In what spheres could legal education be used? Could your future work help you to find a job abroad? If not then why?

 

 

Тема 20. Смертная казнь

Цель: развитие навыков и умений устной речи по теме.

Задачи:

- способствовать овладению тематическим словарем,

- совершенствовать навыки чтения текста

- совершенствовать репродуктивные грамматические навыки.

Учащийся должен знать:

- терминологию лексической темы,

- полную фактическую информацию, содержащуюся в текстах лексической темы;

- знать правила употребления и перевода союзов и союзных слов.

Учащийся должен уметь:

- воспринимать языковые средства и их точное понимание в тексте,

- продуцировать подготовленное высказывание по проблеме профессионального общения с использованием активных грамматических правил.

 

 

Тема 20.1. Смертная казнь. История.

Грамматическая тема: Союзы и союзные слова.

 

Study the words and word combinations.

 

capital punishment – смертная казнь

death penalty – смертная казнь

corporal – телесный

severe – суровый

long-term imprisonment – долгосрочное тюремное заключение

life imprisonment – пожизненное заключение

evidence – доказательство

mention – упоминать

prescribe – предписывать

murder – убийство

fornication – внебрачная связь

offence – преступление

treason –государственная измена

larceny – кража, хищение

burglary – кража со взломом

rape – изнасилование

arson – поджог

impose – налагать

reign – царствование

interrogation – допрос

torture – пытка

capital crime – преступление, наказуемое смертной казнью

sentence – приговорить, приговор

commute – заменять

royal pardon – королевское помилование

slave – раб

threaten – угрожать

commit a crime – совершить преступление

effort – усилие

abolish – отменять

abolition – отмена

gather momentum – набирать силу

inspire – воодушевлять

oppose – противостоять

flogging – порка

revenge – месть

deterrent – сдерживающее средство

execution – казнь

assassin – убийца

last – (гл.) длиться

 

I. Read and translate the text.

Capital punishment: history

Capital punishment is a legal infliction of the death penalty, in modern law, corporal punishment in its most severe form. The usual alternative to the death penalty is long-term or life imprisonment.

The earliest historical records contain evidence of capital punishment. It was mentioned in the Code of Hammurabi. The Bible prescribed death as the penalty for more than 30 different crimes, ranging from murder to fornication. The Draconian Code of ancient Greece imposed capital punishment for every offence.

In England, during the reign of William the Conqueror, the death penalty was not used, although the results of interrogation and torture were often fatal. By the end of the 15^th century, English law recognized six major crimes: treason, murder, larceny, burglary, rape and arson. By 1800 more than 200 capital crimes were recognized, and as a result, 1000 or more persons were sentenced to death each year (although most sentences were commuted by royal pardon). In early American colonies the death penalty was commonly authorized for a wide variety of crimes. Blacks, whether slave or free, were threatened with death for many crimes that were punished less severely when committed by whites.

Efforts to abolish the death penalty did not gather momentum until the end of the 18^th century. In Europe, a short treatise, On Crimes and Punishments, by the Italian jurist Cesare Beccaria, inspired influential thinkers such as the French philosopher Voltaire to oppose torture, flogging and the death penalty.

The abolition of capital punishment in England in November 1965 was welcomed by most people with humane and progressive ideas. To them it seemed a departure from feudalism, from the cruel pre-Christian spirit of revenge: an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth. Many of these people think differently now.Since the abolition of capital punishment crime – and especially murder – has been on increase throughout Britain. Today, therefore, public opinion in Britain has changed. People who before, also in Parliament, stated that capital punishment was not a deterrent to murder – for there have always been murders in all countries with or without the law of execution- now feel that killing the assassin is the lesser of two evils. Capital punishment, they think, may not be the ideal answer, but it is better than nothing, especially when, as in England, a sentence of life imprisonment only lasts eight or nine years.

 

II. Complete the following sentences using the appropriate words from the list below:

 

Lasts, crimes, to abolish, assassin, imposed, evidence, severely, alternative, welcomed

 

 

1. The earliest historical records contain … of capital punishment.

2. English law recognized six major …: treason, murder, larceny, burglary, rape and arson.

3. The usual … to the death penalty is long-term or life imprisonment.

4. The Draconian Code of ancient Greece … capital punishment for every offence.

5. Blacks, whether slave or free, were threatened with death for many crimes that were punished less … when committed by whites.

6. Efforts … the death penalty did not gather momentum until the end of the 18^th century.

7. The abolition of capital punishment in England in November 1965 was … by most people with humane and progressive ideas.

8. People now feel that killing the … is the lesser of two evils.

9. In England a sentence of life imprisonment only … eight or nine years.

 

III. Find in the text the English equivalents for the following words:

 

возмездие; долгосрочное тюремное заключение; допрос отмена смертной казни; пожизненное тюремное заключение; приговаривать к смерти; пытка; телесные наказания; меньшее из двух зол; сдерживающее средство

 

IV. Find out whether the statements are true or false.

 

1. Capital punishment is an illegal infliction of the death penalty.

2. By 1800 more than 300 capital crimes were recognized.

3. Blacks, if they were slaves, were threatened with death for many crimes that were punished less severely when committed by whites.

4. The abolition of capital punishment in England in November 1965 was welcomed by most people with humane and progressive ideas.

5. The Bible prescribed death as the penalty for more than 30 different crimes, ranging from murder to fornication.

6. In England, during the reign of William the Conqueror, the death penalty was often used.

7. The abolition of capital punishment in England in November 1965 seemed a departure from feudalism, from the cruel pre-Christian spirit of love.

 

V. Answer the questions:

 

1. What is capital punishment?

1. What is the alternative to the death penalty?
2. Was capital punishment used in ancient times?
3. What offences were recognized as capital crimes in England?
4. Were blacks equal with whites in sentencing?
5. When did efforts to abolish the death penalty gather momentum?
6. How did British people react to the abolition of capital punishment in 1965?
7. Do they welcome the abolition of the death penalty now? Why (not)?