Additional texts for translation

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R. Hughes & Son Ltd. 21 Mead Road, Swansea, Glamorgan 3ST 1DR   Telephone: Swansea 58441 Telex: 881821     17th November 19____   Mr. R.Cliff, Homemakers Ltd., 54-59 Riverside, Cardiff CF1 1JW   Dear Mr. Cliff,   Thank you for your last delivery. You will be pleased to hear that the dressing tables are selling well.   A number of my customers have been asking about your bookcase and coffee table assembly kits which are listed in your Summer catalogue under KT31, and we would like to test the demand for them. Would it be possible for me to have, say, half a dozen units of each kit, on approval, before placing a firm order?   I have enclosed an order, No B1463, in anticipation of you agreeing, and as there is no particular hurry for the units, you could send them along with your next delivery.   Yours sincerely,   R. Hughes

HOMEMAKERS Ltd.   54-59 Riverside, Cardiff CF1 1JW   Telephone: [phone] Telex: 38217     24 November 19___   R. Hughes and Son Ltd. 21 Mead Road Swansea Glamorgan 3ST 1DR   Dear Mr. Hughes,   It was nice to hear from you again, and to learn that our products are selling well in Swansea and that your customers have become interested in our new do-it-yourself range.   You can certainly have the assembly kits asked for (Cat. No. KT31) and there will be no need to wait until you receive another delivery; I will tell my driver to drop them off on his next delivery to Swansea which will be on Monday.   The provisional order, No. B1463, which you enclosed will be sufficient, but would you return any part of the consignment you have not sold within two months?   I look forward to your next order, and hope to see you when I come to Swansea in December.   Yours sincerely,   R. Cliff

F. Lynch & Co. Ltd. (Head Office), Nesson House, Newell Street, Birmingham B3 3EL Telephone: [phone] Fax: [phone] Telex: 341641   9 March 19____   Satex S.p.A. Via di Pietra Papa 00146 Roma ITALY   Attn. Mr. D. Causio Dear Mr. Causio,   Please find enclosed our order, No DR4316, for men's and boys' sweaters in assorted sizes, colours and designs.   We have decided to accept the 15% trade discount you offered and terms of payment viz. documents against payment, but would like these terms reviewed in the near future.   Would you please send the shipping documents and your draft to Northminster Bank (City Branch), Deal Street, Birminham B3 1SQ.   If you do not have any of the listed items in stock, please do not send substitutes in their place.   We would appreciate delivery within the next six weeks, and look forward to your acknowledgement.   Yours sincerely,     Lionel Crane Chief Buyer   Enc. order form No. GR4316

HOMEMAKERS Ltd.   54-59 Riverside, Cardiff CF1 1JW   Telephone: [phone] Telex: 38217   5 February 19___   R. Hughes and Son Ltd. 21 Mead Road Swansea Glamorgan 3ST 1DR   Dear Mr. Hughes,   Thank you for your letter of 3 February in which you said you had received a wrong delivery to your order (No. 1695).   I have looked into this and it appears that you have ordered from an out-of-date catalogue. Our current winter catalogue lists the dressing tables you wanted under DR 189.   I have instructed one of my drivers to deliver the pine-finish dressing table tomorrow and pick up the other consignment at the same time. Rather than sending a credit note, I will cancel Invoice No. T4451 and include another, No. T4467, with the delivery.   There is also a winter catalogue on its way to you in case you have mislaid the one I originally sent you.   Yours sincerely,     R. Cliff   Enc. Invoice No. T4467

F. Lynch & Co. Ltd. (Head Office), Nesson House, Newell Street, Birmingham B3 3EL Telephone: [phone] Fax: [phone] Telex: 341641   15 August 19____   Satex S.p.A. Via di Pietra Papa 00146 Roma ITALY Dear Mr. Causio,   Our Order No. 14478   I am writing to you to complain about the shipment of sweaters we received yesterday against the above order.   The boxes in which the sweaters were packed were damaged, and looked as if they had been broken open in transit. From your invoice No. 18871 we estimate that thirty garments have been stolen to the value of 150.00 pounds. And because of the rummaging in the boxes, quite a few other garments were crushed or stained and cannot be sold as new articles in our shops.   As the sale was on a c.i.f. basis and the forwarding company your agents, you suggest you contact them with regard to compensation.   You will find a list of the damaged and missing articles attached, and the consignment will be put to one side until we receive your instructions.   Yours sincerely,     L. Crane Chief Buyer

Cоглашение о поставках товаров одним

Производителем другому

ДАННОЕ СОГЛАШЕНИЕ заключено ____________ (дата) МЕЖДУ компанией А.В. Со Ltd., зарегистрированная контора которой находится _______ ("Продавец"), и компанией C.D. Co Ltd, зарегистрированная контора которой находится _________ ("Покупатель").

 

НАЧАЛО И СРОКИ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ

СОГЛАШЕНИЯ

 

1. Выполнение данного соглашения начинается _____ (дата) ("Дата начала выполнения соглашения") и (в соответствии с правом прекращения выполнения соглашения, содержащемся в нем) сохраняется в силе до его прекращения предварительным письменным уведомлением не менее, чем за 3 месяца любой из сторон другой стороне [которое вступает в силу не ранее, чем через 3 года со времени начала выполнения соглашения (или Даты начала выполнения соглашения)].

 

ПРОДАЖА ПРОДУКЦИИ, КОЛИЧЕСТВО,

ЦЕНЫ И ПЛАТЕЖИ

 

2.1. Продавец каждый календарный месяц в течение срока действия данного соглашения предоставляет Покупателю продукцию для покупки (описание продукции), произведенную Продавцом до Даты начала выполнения соглашения ("Продукция"), по ценам, существующим на Дату начала выполнения соглашения, в средних объемах, эквивалентных максимальному количеству в __________ Продукции в год.

2.2. В цены на продукцию входят упаковка, страхование и оплата перевозки в помещения Покупателя, которые время от времени сообщаются Покупателем Продавцу в письменной форме, однако они исключают налог на добавленную стоимость и другие налоги и сборы.

2.3. Продавец вправе, начиная с каждой годовщины Даты начала выполнения соглашения, корректировать цены на любые виды Продукции в соответствии с любым повышением цен на материалы, рабочую силу, перевозку и любые другие затраты в течение срока действия данного соглашения не более, чем на процент изменения Индекса розничных цен Соединенного Королевства на протяжении 12 месяцев от каждой годовщины.

2.4. Если какая-либо Продукция требуется в количестве большем, чем ее максимальное количество, то Покупатель предоставляет Продавцу возможность предложить ее поставку.

2.5. Если не будет достигнуто другой взаимной договоренности, то платежи будут осуществляться в конце месяца, предшествующего месяцу получения Продукции в помещениях Покупателя.

 

ПРОГНОЗЫ, ОБЪЕМ И АКЦЕПТ ЗАКАЗА

 

3.1. Покупатель прилагает усилия, чтобы предоставлять Продавцу по крайней мере за 30 дней письменное уведомление о его приблизительных потребностях в Продукции в каждом календарном месяце, и старается передавать заказы на Продукцию по крайней мере за 7 дней до начала месяца.

3.2. Продавец гарантирует, что качество и спецификация Продукции не будут хуже качества и спецификации, достигнутых до Даты начала выполнения соглашения или другим образом указанных в письменной форме Покупателем Продавцу в течение срока действия данного соглашения.

3.3. Покупатель вправе в период доставки Продукции отказаться от любой дефектной Продукции и предоставляет Продавцу приемлемую возможность заменить ее, не нарушая никаких других прав Покупателя.

 

ФОРС-МАЖОР

 

4. Если выполнение данного соглашения или любого обязательства по нему не допускается, ограничивается или затрудняется обстоятельствами, выходящими за рамки разумных возможностей контроля стороной, обязанной выполнять его, то эта сторона, после того, как в кратчайшие сроки дала уведомление другой стороне, освобождается от выполнения своих обязательств в том объеме, в котором она не смогла это сделать, однако делает все возможное, чтобы избежать или устранить подобные причины невыполнения обязательств и продолжает выполнение своих обязательств после того, как подобные причины устранены или их последствия уменьшены.

 

ПРЕКРАЩЕНИЕ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ

СОГЛАШЕНИЯ

 

5. Каждая сторона в любое время обладает правом, направив письменное уведомление другой стороне, приостановить или прекратить выполнение данного соглашения, если другая сторона:

5.1. нарушает какое-либо положение или условие данного соглашения и подобное нарушение (если его можно исправить) остается неисправленным в течение 10 дней с того момента, когда другая сторона сообщила ей об этом;

5.2. добровольно или принудительно прекращает свое существование, становится банкротом.

 

Appendix 2.

Extract from "INTERNATIONAL RULES FOR INTERPRETATION OF TRADE TERMS" (INCOTERMS ICC 1990)

EXW	EX WORKS (... named place)

"Ex works" means that the seller fulfils his obligation to deliver when he has made the goods available at his premises (i.e. works, factory, warehouse, etc. to the buyer. In particular, he is not responsible for loading the goods on the vehicle provided by the buyer or for clearing the goods for export, unless otherwise agreed. The buyer bears all costs and risks involved in taking the goods from the seller's premises to the desired destination. This term thus represents the minimum obligation for the seller. This term should not be used when the buyer cannot carry out directly or indirectly the export formalities. In such circumstances, the FCA term should be used.

 

 

FCA	FREE CARRIER (... named place)

 

"Free Carrier" means that the seller fulfils his obligation to deliver when he has handed over the goods, cleared for export, into the charge of the carrier named by the buyer at the named place or point. If no precise point is indicated by the buyer, the seller may choose within the place or range stipulated where the carrier shall take the goods into his charge. When, according to commercial practice, the seller's assistance is required in making the contract with the carrier (such as in rail or air transport) the seller may act at the buyer's risk and expense.

This term may be used for any mode of transport, including multimodal transport.

"Carrier" means any person who, in a contract of carriage, undertakes to perform or to procure the performance of carriage by rail, road, sea, air, inland waterway or by a combination of such modes. If the buyer instructs the seller to deliver the cargo to a person, e.g. a freight forwarder who is not a "carrier", the seller is deemed to have fulfilled his obligation to deliver the goods when they are in the custody of that person.

"Transport terminal" means a railway terminal, a freight station, a container terminal or yard, a multi-purpose cargo terminal or any similar receiving point.

"Container" includes any equipment used to utilise cargo, e.g. all types of containers and/or flats, whether ISO accepted or not, trailers, swap bodies, ro-ro equipment, igloos, and applies to all modes of transport.

 

 

FAS	FREE ALONGSIDE SHIP (... named port of shipment)

 

"Free Alongside Ship" means that the seller fulfils his obligation to deliver when the goods have been placed alongside the vessel on the quay or in lighters at the named port of shipment. This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage to the goods from that moment.

The FAS term requires the buyer to clear the goods for export. It should not be used when the buyer cannot carry out directly or indirectly the export formalities.

This term can only be used for sea or inland waterway transport.

 

FOB	FREE ON BOARD (... named port of shipment)

 

"Free on Board" means that the seller fulfils his obligation to deliver when the goods have passed over the ship's rail at the named port of shipment. This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage to the goods from that point.

The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.

This term can only be used for sea or inland waterway transport. When the ship's rail serves no practical purpose, such as in the case of roll-on/roll-off or container traffic, the FCA term is more appropriate to use.

 

 

CFR	COST AND FREIGHT (... named port of destination)

 

"Cost and Freight" means that the seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of destination but the risk of loss of or damage to the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the time the goods have been delivered on board the vessel, is transferred from the seller to the buyer when the goods pass the ship's rail in the port of shipment.

The CFR term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.

This term can only be used for sea or inland waterway transport. When the ship's rail serves no practical purpose, such as in the case of roll-on/roll-off or container traffic, the CPT term is more appropriate to use.

 

 

CIF	COST, INSURANCE AND FREIGHT (... named port of destination)

 

"Cost, Insurance and Freight" means that the seller has the same obligations as under CFR but with the addition that he has to procure marine insurance against the buyer's risk of loss of or damage to the goods during the carriage. The seller contracts for insurance and pays the insurance premium.

The buyer should note that under the CIF term the seller is only required to obtain insurance on minimum coverage.

The term can only be used for sea and inland waterway transport. When the ship's rail serves no practical purpose, such as in the case of roll-on/roll-off or container traffic, the CIP term is more appropriate to use.

 

CPT	CARRIAGE PAID TO (... named place of destination)

 

"Carriage paid to..." means that the seller pays the freight for the carriage of the goods to the named destination. The risk of loss of or damage to the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the time the goods have been delivered to the carrier, is transferred from the seller to the buyer when the goods have been delivered into the custody of the carrier.

"Carrier" means any person who, in a contract of carriage, undertakes to perform or to procure the performance of carriage by rail, road, sea, air, inland waterway or by a combination of such modes.

If subsequent carriers are used for the carriage to the agreed destination, the risk passes when the goods have been delivered to the first carrier.

This term may be used for any mode of transport including multimodal transport.

 

CIP	CARRIAGE AND INSURANCE PAID TO (... named place of destination)

 

"Carriage and insurance paid to..." means that the seller has the same obligations as under CPT but with the addition that he has to procure cargo insurance against the buyer's risk of loss of or damage to the goods during the carriage. The seller contracts for insurance and pays the insurance premium.

The buyer should note that under the CIP term the seller is only required to obtain insurance on minimum coverage.

The CIP term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. This term may be used for any mode of transport including multimodal transport.

 

DAF	DELIVERED AT FRONTIER (... named place)

 

"Delivered at Frontier" means that the seller fulfils his obligation to deliver when the goods have been made available, cleared for export, at the named point and place at the frontier, but before the customs border of the adjoining country. The term "frontier" may be used for any frontier including that of the country of export. Therefore, it is of vital importance that the frontier in question be defined precisely by always naming the point and place in the term. The term is primarily intended to be used when goods are to be carried by rail or road, but it may be used for any mode of transport.

 

DES	DELIVERED EX SHIP (... named port of destination)

 

"Delivered Ex Ship" means that the seller fulfils his obligation to deliver when the goods have been made available to the buyer on board the ship uncleared for import at the named port of destination. The seller has to bear all costs and risks involved in bringing the goods to the named port of destination.

This term can only be used for sea or inland waterway transport.

 

 

DEQ	DELIVERED EX QUAY (DUTY PAID) (... named port of destination)

 

"Delivered Ex Quay (duty paid)" means that the seller fulfils his obligation to deliver when he has made the goods available to the buyer on the quay (wharf) at the named port of destination, cleared for importation. The seller has to bear all risks and costs including duties, taxes and other charges of delivering the goods thereto.

This term should not be used if the seller is unable directly or indirectly to obtain the import licence.

If the parties wish the buyer to clear the goods for importation and pay the duty the words "duty unpaid" should be used instead of "duty paid".

If the parties wish to exclude from the seller's obligations some of the costs payable upon importation of the goods (such as value added tax (VAT)), this should be made clear by adding words to this effect: "Delivered ex quay, VAT unpaid (... named port of destination)".

This term can only be used for sea or inland waterway transport.

 

DDU	DELIVERED DUTY UNPAID (... named place of destination)

 

"Delivered duty unpaid" means that the seller fulfils his obligation to deliver when the goods have been made available at the named place in the country of importation. The seller has to bear the costs and risks involved in bringing the goods thereto (excluding duties, taxes and other official charges payable upon importation as well as the costs and risks of carrying out customs formalities). The buyer has to pay any additional costs and to bear any risks caused by his failure to clear the goods for import in time.

If the parties wish the seller to carry out customs formalities and bear the costs and risks resulting therefrom, this has to be made clear by adding words to this effect.

If the parties wish to include in the seller's obligations some of the costs payable upon importation of the goods (such as value added tax (VAT)), this should be made clear by adding words to this effect: "Delivered duty unpaid, VAT paid, (... named place of destination)".

This term may be used irrespective of the mode of transport.

 

 

DDP	DELIVERED DUTY PAID (... named place of destination)

 

"Delivered duty paid" means that the seller fulfils his obligation to deliver when the goods have been made available at the named place in the country of importation. The seller has to bear the and risks and costs, including duties, taxes and other charges of delivering the goods thereto, cleared for importation. Whilst the EXW term represents the minimum obligation for the seller, DDP represents the maximum obligation.

This term should not be used if the seller is unable directly or indirectly to obtain the import licence.

If the parties wish the buyer to clear the goods for importation and to pay the duty, the term DDU should be used.

If the parties wish to exclude from the seller's obligations some of the cost payable upon importation of the goods (such as value added tax (VAT)), this should be made clear by adding words to this effect: "Delivered duty paid, VAT unpaid (... named place of destination)".

This term may be used irrespective of the mode of transport.

 

 

Appendix 3.

ABBREVIATIONS

 

1. Geographic Names

 

Names of states, districts and territories of the Unites States are abbreviated as follows (the two-letter Postal Service Abbreviations must appear on all envelope addresses):

 

STATES, DISTRICTS AND TERRITORIES	ABBREVIATIONS
	Standard	Two-letter
Alabama	Ala.	AL
Alaska	Alaska	AK
Arizona	Ariz.	AZ
Arkansas	Ark.	AR
California	Calif.	CA
Canal Zone	C.Z.	CZ
Colorado	Colo.	CO
Connecticut	Conn.	CT
Delaware	Del.	DE
District of Columbia	D.C.	DC
Florida	Fla.	FL
Georgia	Ga.	GA
Guam	Guam	GU
Hawaii	Hawaii	HI
Idaho	Idaho	ID
Illinois	Ill.	IL
Indiana	Ind.	IN
Iowa	Iowa	IA
Kansas	Kans.	KS
Kentucky	Ky.	KY
Louisiana	La.	LA
Maine	Maine	ME
Maryland	Md.	MD
Massachusetts	Mass.	MA
Michigan	Mich.	MI
Minnesota	Minn.	MN
Mississippi	Miss.	MS
Missouri	Mo.	MO
Montana	Mont.	MT
Nebraska	Nebr.	NB
Nevada	Nev.	NV
New Hampshire	N.H.	NH
New Jersey	N.J.	NJ
New Mexico	N.Mex.	NM
New York	N.Y.	NY
North Carolina	N.C.	NC
North Dakota	N.Dak.	ND
Ohio	Ohio	OH
Oklahoma	Okla.	OK
Oregon	Oreg.	OR
Pennsylvania	Pa.	PA
Puerto Rico	P.R.	PR
Rhode Island	R.I.	RI
South Carolina	S.C.	SC
South Dakota	S.Dak.	SD
Tennessee	Tenn.	TN
Texas	Tex.	TX
Utah	Utah	UT
Vermont	Vt.	VT
Virgin Islands	V.I.	VI
Virginia	Va	VA
Washington	Wash.	WA
West Virginia	W.Va	WV
Wisconsin	Wis.	WI
Wyoming	Wyo.	WY

 

Names of Canadian provinces are abbreviated as follows:

 

PROVINCE	ABBREVIATIONS
	Standard	Two-letter
Alberta	Alta.	AB
British Columbia	B.C.	BC
Labrador	Lab.	LB
Manitoba	Man.	MB
New Brunswick	N.B.	NB
Newfoundland	Newf./Nfld.	NF
Northwest Territories	N.W.Ter.	NT
Nova Scotia	N.S.	NS
Ontario	Ont.	ON
Prince Edward Island	P.E.I.	PE
Quebec	Que.	PQ
Saskatchewan	Sask.	SK
Yukon Territory		YT

 

 

2. International and National Organizations and Agencies

 

ACABQ	Advisory Committee on Administrative and Budgetary Questions	Консультативный комитет по административным и бюджетным вопросам (ККАБВ)
BIS	Bank for International Settlements	Банк международных расчетов
CB	Central Bank of the Russian Federation	Центральный банк Российской Федерации (ЦБ)
CE	Council of Europe	Совет Европы
CEC	Commission of the European Communities	Комиссия Европейских сообществ
CMI	International Maritime Committee	Международный морской комитет
DCS	the US-Russia Defense Conversion Subcommittee	Американо-Российский подкомитет по конверсии
ECA	Economic Commission for Africa	Экономическая комиссия ООН для Африки (ЭКА)
ECE	Economic Commission for Europe	Экономическая комиссия ООН для Европы (ЭКЕ)
ECLA	Economic Commission for Latin America	Экономическая комиссия ООН для стран Латинской Америки (ЭКЛА)
ECOSOC	Economic and Social Council	Экономический и социальный совет ООН
EIB	European Investment Bank	Европейский инвестиционный банк (ЕИБ)
EMCF	European Monetary Cooperation Fund	Европейский фонд валютного сотрудничества (ЕФВС)
EMS	European Monetary System	Европейская валютная система (ЕВС)
EPA	the US Environmental Protection Agency	Управление по защите окружающей среды США
Eximbank	Export-Import Bank of the United States	Экспортно-импортный банк США
FAO	Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations	Организация Объединенных Наций по вопросам продовольствия и сельского хозяйства (ФАО)
FRB	Federal Reserve Bank	Федеральный резервный банк США
FTAC	Foreign Trade Arbitration Commission	Внешнеторговая арбитражная комиссия
IAEA	International Atomic Energy Agency	Международное агенство по атомной энергии (МАГАТЭ)
IBE	International Bureau of Education	Международное бюро по вопросам образования (МБО)
IBI	Inter-governmental Bureau for Informatics	Межправительственное бюро по информатике (МБИ)
IBRD	International Bank for Reconstruction and Development	Международный банк реконструкции и развития (МБРР)
ICAO	International Civil Aviation Organization	Международная организация гражданской авиации
ICC	International Chamber of Commerce	Международная торговая палата (МТП)
ICCA	International Council for Commercial Arbitration	Международный совет по торговому арбитражу (МСТА)
IDA	International Development Association	Международная ассоциация развития
IDB	Inter-American Development Bank	Межамериканский банк развития (МБР)
IEA(1)	International Economic Association	Международная экономическаяя ассоциация (МЭА)
IEA(2)	International Energy Agency	Международное энергетическое агенство
IEFC	International Emergency Food Council	Всемирный продовольственный совет (ВПС)
IFAD	International Fund for Agricultural Development	Международный фонд сельскохозяйственного развития
IFC	International Finance Corporation	Международная финансовая корпорация (МФК)
IFS	Institute of Fiscal Studies	Институт финансовых исследований
IILS	International Institute for Labour Studies	Международный институт социальных исследований
ILA	International Law Association	Международная ассоциация юридических наук
ILO	International Labour Organization	Международная организация труда (МОТ)
IMCO	Inter-governmental Maritime Consultative Organization	Межправительственная морская консультативная организация (ИМКО)
IMF	International Monetary Fund	Международный валютный фонд (МВФ)
INMARSAT	International Maritime Satellite Telecommuni-cations Organization	Международная организация морской спутниковой связи (ИНМАРСАТ)
INPADOC	International Patent Documentation Centre	Международный центр патентной информации
IOC	Inter-governmental Oceanographic Commission	Межправительственная океанографическая комиссия (МОК)
IPFC	Indo-Pacific Fisheries Council	Индо-Тихоокеанский совет по рыболовству
ISO	International Standardization Organization	Международная организация по стандартизации
ITU	International Telecommunication Union	Международный союз электросвязи (МСЭ)
JCTC	the US-Russia Joint Commission for Technological Cooperation on Energy and Space	Американо-российская совместная комиссия по техническому сотрудничеству в области энергетики и космоса
MAC	Maritime Arbitration Commission	Морская арбитражная комиссия
MUNOSYST	Multilateral system for the notification of laws and regulations concerning foreign trade and changes therein	Многосторонняя система уведомления о законах и регламентах, касающихся внешней торговли и об изменениях в них (МНОУСИСТ)
NGO	Non-governmental organization	Неправительственная организация
OAS	Organization of American States	Организация Американских государств (ОАГ)
OECD	Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development	Организация экономического сотрудничества и развития (ОЭСР)
OPEC	Organization for Petroleum Exporting Countries	Организация стран - экспортеров нефти (ОПЕК)
SITC	Standard International Trade Classification	Международная стандартная торговая классификация
UNCDF	United Nations Capital Development Fund	Фонд ООН капитального развития (ФКР ООН)
UNCITRAL	UN Commission on International Trade Law	Комиссия ООН по международному торговому праву
UNESCO	United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization	Организация Объединенных Наций по вопросам просвещения, науки и культуры (ЮНЕСКО)
UNIDO	United Nations Industrial Development Organization	Организация Объединенных Наций по промышленному развитию (ЮНИДО)
UNISIST	Inter-governmental Programme for Cooperation in the Field of Scientific and Technological Information	Межправительственная программа сотрудни-чества в области научной и технической информации
UNO	United Nations Organization	Организация Объединенных Наций (ООН)
UNRF	United Nations Revolving Fund	Оборотный фонд ООН (ОФ ООН)
UNSF	United Nations Special Fund for Economic Development	Специальный фонд ООН для экономического развития
UPU	Universal Postal Union	Всемирный почтовый союз (ВПС)
USAID	US Agency for International Development	Агенство международного развития США
USIA	United States Information Agency	Информационное агенство США
WAITRO	World Association of Industrial and Technological Research Organizations	Всемирная ассоциация организаций промышленных и технических исследований (ВАИТРО)
WB	World Bank	Всемирный банк
WFC	World Food Council	Всемирный продовольственный совет ООН
WIPO	World Intellectual Property Organization	Всемирная организация по охране интеллектуальной собственности (ВОИС)
WTC	World Trade Center	Центр международной торговли

 

3. Academic Degrees

 

A.A.	Associate in Arts
A.A.S.	Associate in Applied Science
B.A. or A.B.	Bachelor of Arts
B.B.A.	Bachelor of Business Administration
B.S.	Bachelor of Science
D.A.	Doctor of Arts
D.B.A.	Doctor of Business Administration
D.D.	Doctor of Divinity
D.D.S.	Doctor of Dental Surgery Doctor of Dental Science
Ed.D.	Doctor of Education
Ed.M.	Master of Education
Ed.S.	Specialist in Education
J.D.	Doctor of Jurisprudence
J.M.	Master of Jurisprudence
J.S.D.	Doctor of the Science of Law
LL.B.	Bachelor of Laws
M.A. or A.M.	Master of Arts
M.B.A.	Master of Business Administration
M.D.	Doctor of Medicine
M.Div.	Master of Divinity
M.S.	Master of Science
Ph.D.	Doctor of Philosophy
Th.D.	Doctor of Theology

 

 

4. Abbreviations Used in Commercial Documents