Лабораторная работа 3 (лексическая)

Задание 1. Найдите синонимические пары:

quantity, to call, several, usually, within, some, for, rapidly, various, since, fast, commonly, to name, different, therefore, shape, form, that is why, in, characteristic, number, property.

Задание 2. Переведите на русский язык группы слов одного корня:

to define – definite – definition – indefinite – indefinitely; to exist – existence; to mean – meaning, to free – freedom – free – freely, gas – gaseous; to equal – equality; equation – equally; to continue – continuation – continuous – continue – continually; to occupy – occupation; to contain – contains – content, to vaporize – vapour – vaporization – to evaporate – evaporation; to attract – attraction – attractive.

Задание 3. Подберите к следующим английским словам русские значения:

1. a great quantity	1. жидкость
2. subdivision	2. кислород
3. the characteristics of the compound	3. твердое тело
4. oxygen	4. существование
5. nitrogen	5. кусочек соли
6. the original compound	6. смесь
7. equal	7. двуокись углерода
8. gaseous	8. сила притяжения
9. existence	9. первоначальное соединение (вещество)
10. solid	10. азот
11. mixture	11. газообразный
12. liquid	12. характерные особенности соединения
13. an attractive force	13. деление (подразделение)
14. carbon dioxide	14. большое количество
15. a lump of salt	15. равный

Задание 4. Составьте предложения из следующих групп слов; переведите их на русский язык:

1. nuclear reactors; by, chemists, a number of, means of, produced, new elements; 2. scientists, Ukraine, care of, great, takes; 3. continual, motion, and, the molecules of, are, very rapid, in a state, gas, of, rapid; 4. the gaseous, the liquid state, is, and solid, states, between; 5. the molecules, the closer, are, the less, together, they are, free, to move.

Задание 5. Прочитайте и переведите предложения, заполняя пропуски английскими словами, приведенными ниже.

1. There are more than a hundred … …. 2. We can determine the pressure of … … with the help of a barometer. 3. A molecule moves about within the body of the liquid … … …. 4. In the nineteenth century scientists … … the atomic theory of the structure … …. 5. The very common air that we breathe can condense into … (a clear different atoms; our atmosphere; from point to point; established experimentally)

Задание 6. Составьте предложения, соединяя подходящие по смыслу части:

1. When we think or a substance which we call water…	1. Water can exist also as a gas and a solid.
2. It does not mean, however, that…	2. We commonly think of it as a definite liquid.
3. The liquid state is the normal state for the substance which we call water but…	3. That is the only possible state in which water can exist.
4. Many substances can and do at various times exist in more...	4. They are quite far apart.
5. In gases we find that the gas molecules are free to move and...	5. Than one of these three possible states.

Задание 7. Прочитайте следующие предложения. Скажите, правильны или нет данные утверждения. Используйте в ответах: it seems to be wrong; I am afraid you are mistaken; to my mind it's right, it's wrong, on the contrary; as it is known.

1. When we think of a substance which we call water, we commonly think of it as a definite liquid that Is the only possible state in which water can exist. 2. A body of gas has no definite volume or shape but takes the volume and shape of the vessel. 3. A solid also has no definite volume or shape. 4. A molecule is able to move within the body of the liquid from point to point and there doesn't exist an attractive force between the molecules. 5. If a molecule moves very fast it may overcome the force of attraction and will become a molecule of vapour.

Задание 8. Ответьте на вопросы:

1. What do we call the gas around our planet? 2. Is air a single gas or a mixture of several gases? 3. What gases does air consist of? 4. In what states can substances exist? 5. What do substances consist of? 6. What do molecules consist of? 7. In what way do molecules move in solids, liquids and gases?

Задание 9. Переведите предложения на английский язык:

1. Мы проведем ряд экспериментов с несколькими газами. 2. Вообще молекулы газа движутся свободно и могут находиться очень далеко друг от друга. 3. Как строение молекул, так и строение атомов представляет очень большой интерес для ученых. 4. Жидкость - это не следственное состояние, в котором может существовать вода. 5. Молекулы - элементы, из которых состоит физический мир.

Задание 10. Прочитайте, прослушайте текст "States of Matter. Solids, Liquids and Gases". Прочитайте внимательно утверждения (statements). Отметьте, правильны или нет данные утверждения (It is true; it is false).