Лабораторнаяработа 2 ( грамматическая)

PastParticiple.

ГруппавременIndefinite (Passive),.

Понятие о герундии (Gerund).

Предлоги to, with, byкак эквиваленты падежей.

Задание 1. Найдите глагольную форму PassiveVoice.

1.To study 2. To be studying 3. To have studied 4.to be studied 5. Canbestudied

Задание2. Поставьте глагол-сказуемое в следующих предложениях в пассивном залоге.

Образец: The first Sputnik(to create) in the former Soviet Union.

The first Sputnik was created in the former Soviet Union.

1.Many experiments with different kinds of gases (to make) in the laboratory last year. 2. Various materials (to use) for our report next month. 3. All the necessary conditions for the work of our scientists (to provide) by the former Soviet Government. 4. Some weather Sputniks (to launch) next year. 5. Different new elements (to produce) artificially. 6. The St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (to establish) as early as 1725. 7. Substance (can change) from one state to another. 8. The state, but not the composition (to affect) by the process of heating, cooling. 9. Atomicenergy (mustuse) forpeacefulpurposes.

Задание3. Задайте вопросы к следующим предложениям. Используйтевопросительныеслова.

1. TheMoscowUniversity was founded in the 18^thcentury (when, what).

2. The Lenin Library is visited by many foreigners (what, by whom).

3. Our laboratory is provided with up-to-date equipment (with what).

4. This article will be discussed tomorrow (when).

5. Some important research work was carried out by a group of medical students last year (what, by whom).

Задание 4. Заполните пропуски, выбрав нужную форму причастия и переведите предложения на русский язык:

Образец: 1. a) The girl … on the blackboard is our monitor.

b) Everything … here is quite right.

2. a) The girl writing on the blackboard is our monitor.

b)Everythingwritten here is quite right.

1.a) The article … by Petrov is full of mistakes.

b)The student … this article has a good knowledge of English.

(translated, translating)

2. a) The house … by tall trees is very beautiful.

b) The wall … the house was very high. (surrounding, surrounded)

3.a) Who is that boy … his homework at the window?

 b) The exercises … by the students are very easy.(doing, done)

4. a) The girl … the floor is my friend.

b) The … floor looked very clean. (washing, washed)

Задание 5. Перефразируйте следующие предложения, употребив ParticipleII

Образец: The story which was told by the teacher was long.

The story told by the teacher was long.

1.We live in a house which was built last year. 2.The expression which was used by the student was not correct. 3. She received a telegram, which was sent yesterday. 4. The books which are borrowed from the library may be kept for ten days. 5. I’ve got a TV set which was made in Minsk. 6. The decisions, which were adopted at the congress, are supported by the whole Ukrainian people. 7. The machines which are made at our plant are exported to many countries of the world. 8. Some of the questions which were put to the lecturer were very interesting.

Задание 6. Определите функцию PastParticiple в следующих предложениях: а) определение; б) часть сказуемого; в) часть сказуемого PassiveVoice.

1.The heroic spaceflight made by a Soviet man opened a new era in history. 2. We use many materials found in the earth. 3. Many materials can be found in the earth. 4. Every substance is made up of particles so small that they cannot be seen even under a good microscope. 5. The particles called molecules cannot be divided without changing the nature of the substance. 6. The substance formed possessed important properties. 7. The substances obtained were subjected to a chemical change. 8. The atomic space station created provides important information on space.

Задание 7. Переведите предложения, заменив инфинитив герундием.

Образец: To consolidate peace is the essence of our foreign policy.  

Consolidating peace is the essence of our foreign policy.  

1.To prevent a new war is the duty of all nations. 2. To strengthenthe country’s system is the essence of our policy. 3. To build up a new school is an immediate task. 4. To discover new mineral deposits is very important for our industry. 5. To support the people’s struggle for liberation is our duty.

Задание 8. Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык, обращая внимание на употребление герундия.

1.После окончания школы они начали работать в совхозе. 2. Я люблю читать. 3.Нельзя научиться говорить на иностранном языке, не говоря на нем. 4. Он мечтает стать биологом. 5. При добавлении тепла мы вызываем усиленное движение молекул. 6. Вы не можете преобразовать воду в пар без нагревания. 7.Припревращении воды в лёд состав её не изменяется. 8. Он решил проблему изобретения такого прибора. 9. По приезду в Киев он решил осмотреть его достопримечательности. 10. Ваши успехи в английском языке зависят от ваших регулярных занятий языком.

Задание 9. Поставьте, где нужно, предлоги и переведите на русский язык(with, to, by, of, for)

1.Our laboratory will be provided … all the necessary instruments. 2. The instruments provided… our plant are very accurate. 3. This plant provided … a great number of accurate instruments last year. 4. Air can be liquefied if it is subjected … great pressure and cooling. 5. Atomic energy must be used … peaceful purposes. 6. Electronics opens wonderful possibilities … controlling various technological processes. 7. It is necessary to subject a body … chemical change if we want to alter is composition. 8. … studying and experimenting man came to know the structure of matter.

Задание10. Переведите на английский язык при помощи страдательного залога.

1.Работу нашего профессора использовали многие ученые. 2.Нами было проделано большое количество опытов. 3. Состав этого вещества был определен экспериментально. 4. Нам разрешают проводить разные опыты в нашей лаборатории. 5. Можно ли продолжать нашу исследовательскую работу? 6. Когда будут известны свойства этого газа?

Ключи к лабораторной работе 2:

Задание 1 4,5

Задание2 1. Weremade: 2. Willbeused 3. Wereprovided4.Willbelaunched 5. Areproduced 6. Wasestablished 7.Canbechanged 8. Isaffected 9.Mustbeused

Задание3 1. When was the Moscow University founded? What was founded is the 18^thcentury? 2.What is visited by many foreigners? By whom is the Lenin Library visited?3. Whenwillthisarticlebediscussed? 4. Withwhatisourlaboratoryprovided? 5. What was carried out by a group of medical students last year? By whom was some important research work carried out?

Задание 4 1) a)1; b)2; 2 A)2; b) 1;3; a)2; b)1;4 a)1; b)2;5. A)1; b) 2.

Задание 5 1. We live in a house built last year 2. The expression used by the student was not correct. 3. She received a telegram sent yesterday 4. The books borrowed from the library may be kept for ten days. 5. I’ve got a TV set made in Minsk. 6. The decisions adopted by the congress are supported by the whole Ukrainian people. 7. The machines made at our plant are exported to many countries of the world. 8. Some of the questions put to the lecturer where very interesting.

Задание6 1- a; 2-a; 3- b; 4-b,b; 5-a,b; 6- a; 7-a,b;8-a

Задание7 1. Preventing a new war is … 2. Strengthening the country’s system is … 3. Building up a new school is … 4.Discovering new mineral deposits is… 5. Supporting the people’s struggle for liberation is …

Задание8 1. After finishing school they began working on the collective farm. 2.I am fond of reading. 3. It is impossible to learn to speak a foreign language without speakingit. 4. He dreams of becoming a biologist. 5. By adding heat, we cause a greater motion of the molecules. 6. You cannot transform water into steam without heating it. 7. In changing water into ice its compositions is not changed. 8. He solved the problem of inventing such a device. 9. Upon arriving in Kiev he decided to go sightseeing. 10. Your progress in English depends on your learning English regularly.

Задание9 1. 1- with;2-by; 3-0, 4-to; 5-for,6-for, 7-to, 8- by.

Задание10 1. Our professor’s work was used by many scientists.2. A great number of experiments were made by us. 3. They composition of this substance was determined experimentally. 4. We are allowed to carry out different experiments in our laboratory 5. Can our research be continued? 6. When will the properties of this gas be known?