IX. A word in one language may have different equivalents in another.

е.g. место — room, place жертва — sacrifice, victim приносить — fetch, bring

a) Look op the words given above in an English-Russian dictionary, find out the exact meaning of each pair of words and write sentences illustrating the difference in their use.

b) Ask the students to translate the Russian variants of your sentences.

X. Translate the sentences into English using Essential Vocabulary (1);

1. Какое удовольствие слушать ее пение! 2. После концерта детей угощали чаем с пирожными. 3. Выключи радио, эта музыка действует мне на нервы. 4. Я повернула за угол и столкнулась лицом к липу со своей подругой. 5. Почему нужно переворачивать все вверх дном, чтобы найти какой-то пустяк? 6. Мальчика лечили от кори, но оказалось, что у него скарлатина. 7. Девочке нравилось, что с ней обращаются как со взрослой. 8. Она не могла удержать ребенка от шалостей. 9. Мы прекрасно провели время на пляже. Было очень весело. 10. Дэвиду не приходило в голову, что он всех задерживает. 11. Детей нужно приучать хорошо (kindly) обращаться с животными. 12. Кто бы мог подумать, что она станет талантливой актрисой! 13. Ах, вот как ты держишь свое слово! 14. Ваш приятель — такой весельчак, — Да? Представьте, мне это никогда не приходило в голову. 15. Это случилось много лет назад. Она, должно быть, уже забыла обо всем. 16. Как весело играть в эту игру! 17. Школьные товарищи Роберта смеялись над его зеленым костюмом. 18. Какая забавная шляпка!

XI. Retell the test following the outline (see Ex. VI, p. 132). Speak about the contradictions between the words and the behaviour of the members of the family:

е.g.... They said, they realized what their mother had sacrificed for their sake and wanted to thank her for everything she had been doing for them. In fact, I believe, they just wanted to make it a holiday for themselves. They stayed at home... etc.

XII. a) Translate these sentences into Russian.

I. We may just as well dance now. 2. I would rather hire a taxi. I'm very tired. 3. It will never do to punish the child for what he has not done. 4. He never keeps people waiting if he can help it. 5. We must keep him from making trouble. 6. Take my gloves, they will keep your hands warm. 7. It's no use trimming this old hat, it won't look better. 8. We got everything arranged for the trip by 9 o'clock. 9. We got her to believe our story. 10. The arrangements for the party will keep me busy the whole day, I'm afraid. 11. You shouldn't keep the children out after dark. 12. Keep the ticket if you don't want to be fined.

b) Write sentences of your own using the phrases in bold type. Address them to the other students who should reply them expressing their approval or disapproval.

P r o m p t s: How nice (good, clever, bad, awful) of you (him, her)! I don't think you should have done it. Sure. But that's not quite true. No wonder. I am delighted at your idea.

ХIII. Make up a conversation which took place after the day described in the text between: the two girls, the two boys, the father and his son, the mother and her friend, two neighbours. You may find the following openings useful:

I say...; Honestly...; If you ask me...; You know what I think...; The point is...; Don't you agree that...; I must say that...; Tell you what,..; Eventually...; Actually...; Definitely....

XIV. Fill in prepositions or adverbs where necessary:

I. The dress is just wonderful. It is very becoming... you. 2. I haven't seen you... ages. How are you getting...? 3. I liked the cake you treated me.... How do you make it? 4. Turn... the page and do Exercise 3. 5. He turned... a very good story-teller. I enjoyed... his stones immensely. 6. We shall discuss the matter... our way home. 7. I'm sure you'll get... all the difficulties... the end. 8. Pete didn't want to take his younger brother fishing, he was afraid that he would be... his way. 9. The students-... Group 3 will help to decorate the hall... flowers and mottoes. 10. The father had promised to take the boys... a drive... the country... Sunday. But unfortunately the weather changed... the morning and they had to stay... home. 11. Celia waved her hand... Lanny until the train was out... sight. 12.... such a big occasion all the children were dressed... their best. 13. When all the things were packed... a suit-case, it turned... that my ticket had somehow got there too, and I had to turn everything......in search... it. 14. The children were allowed to stay... home... school, as the mother's birthday was a great occasion... all the family.

XV. Translate the sentences into English, using Essential Vocabulary (I) and Patterns 1-4:

1. У меня так много дел, что я просто не могу позволять себе терять время. 2: Вот та самая шляпа, о которой я вам говорила. Я уверена, что она очень пойдет вам. 3. Не могу себе представить, как вы сумеете преодолеть все эти трудности. 4. Я не могла позволить себе купить такой дорогой подарок. 5. Я надеюсь, что мы успеем добраться до станция метро до того, как оно закроется. 6. Сегодня я получила от него письмо. Он пишет, что у него масса работы и он почти никогда не может даже доставить себе такое удовольствие, как сходить в кино. 7. Вы все время встаете и садитесь, входите и выходите. Не годится работать таким образом. 8. Завтра у нас вечер, и я хочу принарядиться по этому поводу. 9. Что-то выпало из моей сумочки, вероятно, авторучка. 10. Он, должно быть, все приготовил к отъезду. 11. Разве мог кто-нибудь подумать, что она сказала это в шутку? 12. Неужели ты не можешь заставить ребенка вовремя лечь спать? 13. Все семейство великолепно провело время за городом, хотя героине дня пришлось остаться дома и готовить обед. 14. Этот цвет тебе очень к лицу.

XVI. Review the text. Say a few words about the style and language of Leacock's story. Be sure to touch on a) selection of words, b) syntax, c) method of characterization, d) humour.

XVII. Try your hand at teaching.

1. Say what you would do in the teacher's position:

John's first day in school went smoothly. On the second day, another child sat in the place John wanted. John refused to sit in any of the vacant places and was given the choice of sitting down at another place or standing. He chose to stand. His parents came to school several times in the next few weeks, very distressed that all John did at school was stand.

2. Practise your "Classroom English".

Ask your pupils: a) to do Exercise XIV on p. 134 (written work); b) to get ready with Exercise XVm (orally).

XVIII. a) Translate the text below into Russian:

To me it has always seemed that the very essence of good humour is that it must be without harm and without malice. I admit that there is in all of us a certain vein of the old original demoniacal humour or joy in the misfortune of another which sticks to us like our original sin. It ought not to be funny to see a man, especially a fat and pompous man, slip suddenly on a banana skin. But it is. When a skater on the pond who is describing graceful circles and showing off before a crowd, breaks through the ice, everybody shouts with joy. To an original savage, the cream of the joke in such cases was found if a man who slipped broke his neck, or a man who went through the ice never came up again. I can imagine a group of pre-historic men standing round the ice-hole where he had disappeared and laughing till their sides split. If there had been such things as a pre-historic newspaper, the affair would have been headed up: "Amusing Incident. Unknown Gentleman Breaks Through Ice and Is Drowned".

But our sense of humour under the civilization has been weakened. Much of the fun of this sort of the thing has been lost on us. (From "Humour As I See It" by Stephen Leacock)

b) Discuss the following questions:

1. Do you agree with Leacock that good humour must be without harm and without malice? 2. What purpose should humour serve? 3. Is Leacock right when he says that humour has been weakened under civilization? Does he really mean it? 4. Do you agree to Leacock's opinion that humorous Siies of life are revealed only to the few who have given thought to it? 5. Do you think that his story "How We Kept Mother's Day" and the like may get people to understand their imperfections and try to get rid of them? 6. Is that story true to life? 7. What do you think is the essence of good humour?

LABORATORY EXERCISES (I)

1. Listen to the text "How We Kept Mothers Day", mark the stresses and tunes, repeat the text following the model.

2. Make your sentences less categoric by using the given model.

3. Write a spelling-translation test. Check it with the key. Check your spelling with a dictionary.

4. Paraphrase the sentences using the given patterns.

5. Extend the following sentences.

6. Translate the given sentences. Check your translation with the key.

7. Listen to the text "Being a Househusband" or some other text on the topic "Family Holidays". Find the English equivalents of the given Russian phrases. Get ready to speak on the part of the wife.

TOPIC: MEALS