B. Answer the questions below.

1. Lily mentions five different art forms – what are they?

2. What is Lily’s definition of art?

3. What is Jack’s definition of what doesn’t constitute art?

4. In what way does Jack say the floor of the modern art museum is similar to the floor at his sister’s house when his nephew has left his toys out?

5. Where does Lily say the originality or beauty in many installations and modern paintings lies?

6. Why does Jack imagine some installations at modern art museums might be thrown away by the cleaners?

7. What does Jack say he is not afraid of?

8. How would you summarize the difference in opinion between Jack and Lily?

C. Complete the crossword below. If all the words are correct, the dead animal (4.3m long and preserved in formaldehyde) used by British artist Damien Hirst to create one of his most famous and controversial installations, in the 1990s, will read from top to bottom.

1. Lily doesn’t believe great ___________ skills are necessary in order to create a great work of art.

2. It seems Jack and his ___________ disagree about art.

3. Lily thinks the ideas behind simple-looking art installations can be very ___________.

4. Lily thinks Van Gogh was a ___________ artist.

5. The installations Jack saw were on the ___________ of the gallery.

6. Lily thinks people are often wrong to ___________ simple-looking installations.

7. Jack thinks the exhibition he went to was ___________.

8. Jack certainly wasn’t impressed by the ___________ he saw.

9. ___________ is an example of a visual art.

10. It is safe to say Jack and Lily wouldn’t ___________ each other’s opinions about art.

FINE ART

Match the terms on the left with their definitions on the right.

1. caricature	a. a picture made with a pencil
2. cartoon	b. a drawing showing the parts of something to explain how it works
3. collage	c. a drawing showing by a line the connection between two quantities
4. diagram	d. a rough drawing without many details
5. drawing	e. a picture to go with the words of a book
6. fresco	f. a picture in solid black
7. graph	g. a picture painted in water colour on a surface of fresh wet plaster
8. illustration	h. woven cloth hanging on a wall, with pictures woven from coloured wool or silk
9. mural	i. a humorous drawing, often dealing with something of interest in the new in an amazing way
10. silhouette	j. a representation of a person made so that aspects of his or her appearance appear more noticeable than they really are
11. sketch	k. a picture made by an unusual combination of bits of paper, cloth, metal, etc.
12. tapestry	l. a picture painted directly onto the wall

Match the images with the corresponding terms.

A.	B.	C.
D.	E.	F.
G.	H.	I.
J.	K.	L.

Lesson 17.

Instruments of the orchestra

These are the four sections of an orchestra:

strings

woodwind

brass

percussion

Label the following four sections, then match the names of the instruments in colour with the pictures:
Section 1: violin, viola, cello, double-bass, harp
Section 2: French horn, trombone, trumpet, tuba
Section 3: oboe, clarinet, bassoon, flute
Section 4: cymbals, drum, timpani, triangle
We usually say play the flute, play the piano, play the violin etc. Notice pianist, violinist, cellist, oboist, but horn/trumpet player and the unusual flautist.

Classical music

Use these words to complete the definitions below:

concerto	overture	movements
symphony	conductor	composer

1. The person who writes a piece of music is the ……. – Beethoven, for example.

2. The person who directs the performance of an orchestra is the ……….

3. A long musical composition in several ………. for the full orchestra is a ………..

4. A …….. is usually played by a solo instruments such as the piano or violin and the full orchestra.

5. An ……… is a piece of music written as an introduction to an opera or ballet.

Making Music

Complete the sentences using these words:

music	voice	practice	solo
choir	ear	lessons	piece

1. Katy’s got a beautiful ….. She sings in the local church ……….

Really? Does she ever sing ………?

2. A friend of mine plays the piano really well even though she can’t read …...

She plays everything by ……….

3. I’m having piano …… at the moment.

I try to do one hour’s …… a day.

4. “The Four Seasons” is my favourite ………. of music.

A choir sings in church.

A chorus sings in an opera.

Music on paper

Match the names with the right number in the picture below:

 

……… bar line	………… leger line
……… clef sign	……….. staff
……… key signature	………… time signature

Read the story.

A Catchy Little Tune

This simple four-line ditty was written as a classroom greeting in1893 by two sisters. Mildred Hill, a teacher at the Louisville, Kentucky Experimental Kindergarten, and Dr Patty Hill, the principal of the same school, together wrote the song for their five-year-old pupils.

The melody of the song was composed by Mildred, who was born in Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.A, on June 27th, 1859. The song was first published in 1893, with the lyrics written by her sister, Patty, as Good Morning To All.

Mildred was an expert on spiritual songs and played the organ in her local church, while Patty, who later became a professor at Columbia University, specialized in kindergarten education. Although the song was published in 1893, it wasn’t copyrighted until 1935. The copyright was taken out under a different name and it wasn’t renewed until 1963.

The song was popularised in the late 1930's when it was sung in the Broadway production of As Thousands Cheer, and has since become the mega-classic hit of all time.

In 1988, Birch Tree Group Ltd, the original publishers, sold the rights of the song, and all their other assets, to Warner Communications for an estimated $25 million.

During the 1980s, the song was believed to generate about $1 million in royalties annually. Along with Auld Lang Syne (sung at midnight on New Year’s Eve) and For He's a Jolly Good Fellow (sung to celebrate someone’s achievement), it is among the three most popular songs in the English language.

It continues to bring in around $2 million in licensing revenue each year, according to current publisher Warner Chappell.

A. Answer the questions. Write your answers in the puzzle below to reveal the name of the song.

1. In which city was Mildred born?

2. The song was originally titled Good ______ To All.

3. What’s the word for a short, simple song or poem?

4. Which musical instrument did Mildred play?

5. Which US state were the sisters from?

6. Which sister wrote the words of the song?

7. What do Americans call a school for 5 to 6 year-olds?

8. Which sister wrote the music for the song?

9. The Broadway show which made the song famous was called As ______ Cheer.

10. Money or property that a person or company owns.

11. You get paid this if someone uses your work.

12. What was Patty’s position at her school?

13. What was the name of the university where she later worked?

14. On New Year’s Eve, people sing Auld Lang ______.

15. If something is your intellectual property, it means you own the ______.

16. What kind of songs was Mildred an expert on?

17. The publishers who now own the song are called ______ Chappell.

18. The publishers who first owned the rights were called __________ Tree Group.

Music.

Answer the clues.

1 _ _ _ _ _ C_ _ _ 2 _ _ _ O _ 3 _ _ _ _ _ _ N _ 4 _ _ C _ _ _ _ 5 _ _ _ _ _ _ E_ 6 _ _ _ R _ 7 _ _ T _

1. the person who stands in front of an orchestra (9) 2. the stick used by the person who stands in front of an orchestra (5) 3. a classical composition for an orchestra (8) 4. a performance of music by one person (7) 5. writes music (8) 6. singing and acting together (5) 7. a written sign for a musical sound of a particular length and pitch (4)

Lesson 18.