Give a brief summary of the text in English.

Напишите на английском языке краткую аннотацию прочитанного текста. (см. Гл. IV.)

 

К зачету необходимо подготовить:

1. Устное сообщение, беседа по одной из следующих тем:

1. Судебная система Великобритании.

2. Профессия юриста в Великобритании.

3. Преступление и наказание.

4. Судебная система Беларуси. Профессия юриста в Беларуси.

 

Вопросы к зачету.

1. What systems of law courts are there in the UK?

2. What are civil cases deal with?

3. What are criminal cases deal with?

4. What common features do legal systems of Scotland, Northern Ireland, England and Wales have?

5. What is a judicial precedent?

6. What are the main types of legal professions in the UK?

7. How are jury chosen?

8. What is the difference between a solicitor and a barrister?

9. What training do solicitors have?

10. What is the job of a barrister?

11. Who is a lay magistrate?

12. What types of legal professions in Belarus do you know?

13. What are the lowest courts in Belarus?

14. Are all the judges in Belarus appointed for life?

15. What is the job of legal advisers? (an investigator, a notary)

16. What types of crime do you know?

17. What kinds of punishment go you know?

18. What do Articles 151-161 of the Constitution of Belarus provide?

19. What is the hierarchy of the Belarussian court system?

20. What functions does the court of first instance have?

21. What are the main functions of the court of second instance?

 

Защита контрольной работы включает умение объяснить употребление любого изученного грамматического явления.

3 курс 5 семестр.

Для выполнения следующей контрольной работы необходимо повторить грамматический материал: инфинитив и инфинитивные обороты;

причастие 1,2; герундий.

Контрольная работа №5.

Вариант 1.

Underline the infinitive and translate the sentences into Russian.

Подчеркните инфинитив и переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. He could not refuse to fulfil demands of the court.

2. This is the place to see.

3. I had no intention to commit a criminal act.

4. I have no books to read.

5. Don’t forget that she has a baby to take care of.

6. Here is a new brush to clean your teeth with.

Translate the sentences into English using Complex Object.

Переведите предложения на английский язык, используя сложное дополнение.

1. Мы видели, как его арестовали.

2. Я бы хотел, чтобы ты сказал правду.

3. Это заставило меня подумать, как исправить ошибку.

4. Она почувствовала, что кто-то подошел к ней, но не повернулась.

5. Мне хочется, чтобы вы зашли ко мне сегодня вечером.

6. Мальчик наблюдал, как механик чинил холодильник.

Encircle the Participles, mark the Present Participle with “Pres.” and Past Participle with “Past” and translate the sentences into Russian.

Отметьте предложения, содержащие причастие настоящего времени словом “Pres.”, а предложения, содержащие причастие прошедшего времени словом “Past”.

1. The fine paid amounted to three hundred dollars.

2. All criminal trials in the USA are held before a judge and a jury consisting of twelve ordinary people.

3. The police never found the money stolen in the robbery.

4. I heard him answering the question on the US Constitution.

5. He is going to have this job finished.

6. If read, the article must be discussed.

Choose the right form of the Participle.

Выберите правильную форму причастия.

1. Everything (writing, written) here is quite right.

2. The wall (surrounding, surrounded) the house was very high.

3. The exercises (doing, done) by the students were easy.

4. The girl (washing, washed) the floor is my sister.

5. We listened to the Russian folk songs (singing, sung) by the girls.

6. Do you know the girl (playing, played) in the garden?

Underline the Gerund and translate the sentences into Russian.

Подчеркните Герундий и переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Law and legislation date back to the days when primitive communal society which had no need for having law, gave way to first class-based socio-economic formation.

2. Laws are made for the sake of man and society with the aim of protecting them.

3. FBI is responsible for investigating of all Federal crimes.

4. After having been identified the offender was arrested by police.

5. There is a need for drawing a distinction between crimes and those violations of law, which are not criminal.

6. The defendant was not informed of the right of being provided with legal counsel at the trial.

Use Infinitive or Gerund.

Употребите инфинитив или герундий.

1. The preliminary hearing is an investigation by a magistrate of the facts and circumstances surrounding a suspect who has been charged with a crime and arrested, in order to determine whether there are sufficient reasons for trial; after (to hear, hearing) the magistrate may find no basis for the charges and dismiss them or present the case to the trial court.

2. The court ruled that an officer may lawfully search a person in the course of

(to make, making) an arrest.

3. I heard him (talk, talking) to somebody loudly.

4. I remember (to meet, meeting) him.

Read and translate the text in written form.

Прочтите и переведите текст письменно.

Lobbyists.

In the pervious centuries people who wanted to hand in petition or to discuss some project went to Washington, to the Capitol and there met the Congressmen from their states. The tradition is still alive, only today it is big corporations; social organizations, foreign diplomats, etc, who try to influence law making in their favour. This is done with the help of lobbyists who arrange meetings with Congressmen, and through bribery and persuasion make them vote for measures favourable to the group they represent. Practically lobbyism (backstage influencing of legislation) has become legal, it means, that the passing of a bill can be prevented if it does not suit the interests of a definite group of Big Business.

The delicate art of influencing legislation has moved a great distance from the days when votes were bought with black satchels full of money. Today’s successful lobbyists are more likely to be smooth professionals. But if lobbying techniques have grown complicated, the name of the game is still the same: special interest. Lobbyists may call themselves legislative counsels or Washington representatives, but they are still hired to sell their clients special interest.

The lobbyists’ role in government, to hear them tell it, is greatly misunderstood. They only exercise their Constitutional right of petition.

Although a 1946 law requires all lobbyists to register with the clerks of both chambers of Congress, and to give annual reports of the money used for this or that bill, the most effective lobbyists seldom do. They try to remain, if possible, invisible. They do not even like to call themselves lobbyists. But more and more people realize that legislation is shaped as much by the hidden influences as by the public debates.

Answer the questions in the written form.

Ответьте на вопросы письменно.

1. What did people do in order to hand in petition in the previous centuries?

2. Who tries to influence law-making process now?

3. What is a job of a lobbyist?

4. In what case can the passing of the bill be prevented?

5. Who is a successful lobbyist today?

6. What is the lobbyists’ role in government?

7. Do all lobbyists give annual reports of the money used for this or that bill?

Put all types of questions to the sentences.

Поставьте все типы вопросов к следующим предложениям. Обозначьте тип вопроса.

1. They only exercise their Constitutional right of petition.

2. Lobbyists are hired to sell their clients special interests.

 

Курс 5 семестр.

Контрольная работа №5.

Вариант 2.

Underline the infinitive and translate the sentences into Russian.

Подчеркните инфинитив и переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. I would like to see this witness again.

2. At the College we are also taught to find evidence.

3. I entered Law Institute to become a lawyer.

4. The girl was quite young when both her parents died and she remained alone with younger brothers to take care of.

5. Here are some tablets to relieve your headache.

6. I would like to speak to you.

Translate the following sentences into English using Complex object.