Ex.26. Here are the answers. Write the questions.

1) Almost all the students. 2) During the entrance examinations. 3) Either today or tomorrow. 4) Very difficult. 5) English. 6) At the Railway Academy. 7) Dean of our faculty. 8) It is out of question. 9) I have nothing against it. 10) At the next lesson.

 

Ex.27. Choose and use. Work in pairs. Make up your own dialogues using the given phrases.

1) How’s life?

a) Nothing to boast of. b) It’s none of your business. c) Nothing to look at. d) Who cares? e) Thank you, I’m fine. f) It is too good to be true. g) So-so.

2) Excuse me, how can I get to the University?

a) Five stops from here. b) It’s far from here. c) Don’t hurry. d) You’d better take the trolley-bus. e) Leave me alone.

3) Excuse me, where is the nearest Metro station?

a) Unfortunately I don’t remember. b) It must be somewhere about. c) It’s over there, on the left. d) You will go far. e) I’ll see you off if you don’t mind.

4) It was a pleasure to talk to you.

a) What do you mean? b) I’m sorry to hear it. c) The more the better. d) The pleasure was mine. e) You are hard to please. f) Indeed?

5) Excuse my being late.

a) See you later. b) Glad to hear it. c) Better late than never. d) You are welcome. e) No need to be sorry. f) It is inexcusable! g) How could you!

6) What do you do?

a) I’m doing well, thank you. b) Nothing to boast of. c) I’m a first-year student. d) It’s none of your business.

7) Thank you for your help.

a) Never mind. b) It was a pleasure for me. c) Glad to hear it. d) Thank you for coming. e) I have nothing to do with it. f) I can’t believe my ears.

8) I’m taking my exam in two days.

a) Take care. b) So long. c) Good luck! d) Let’s hope for the best. e) Nothing good will come of it. f) There is nothing to be done. g) Put it out of your head. h) Are you sure? i) That doesn’t interest me.

TEXT В

Read the text filling in the blanks with the prepositions if necessary. Translate it without a dictionary and find at least 10 differences between our Academy and Cambridge (do it in written form).

CAMBRIDGE

Cambridge is one ___ the two main universities ___ England located ___ the Cam River. It was founded ___ the beginning ___ the 12^th century. Until 1871 Cambridge University was exclusively ___ men. Nowadays University consists ___ 24 different colleges, including 4 colleges ___ women. The oldest college was founded ___ 1284, and the most recent is Robinson College which was opened ___ 1977.

The head ___ the University is the chancellor who is elected for life. The teachers are commonly called «dons» and «tutors». The University developed its own system, which is called “a system ___ individual tuition”. Each student has a tutor who practically guides him through the whole course ___ studies. The tutor plans the student's work and once a week the student goes ___ his tutor to discuss his work ___ him. Besides, the student attends lectures. The course ___ studies lasts 4 years. The academic year is divided ___ 3 terms. The students study natural and Technical Sciences, Law, History, Languages, Geography and a number ___ other subjects. After 3 years ___ study a student may proceed (получить учёную степень) to a Bachelor's degree and later to the degrees ___ Master and Doctor.

Students are required to wear gowns (мантия) ___ lectures, ___ the University library, ___ the street ___ the evening and ___ official visits. All the students must pay ___ their education, exams, books, laboratories, hostel, the use ___ libraries, etc. Not many children ___ working class families are able to get higher education, as the cost is high. The cost ___ education depends ___ the college and speciality.

A number ___ great men, well-known scientists and writers studied ___ Cambridge. Among them are Erasmus (the great Dutch scholar); Bacon (the philosopher); Milton and Byron (the poets); Cromwell (the soldier); Newton and Darwin (the scientists).

 

TEXT С

Read the text find answers to the given questions.

STUDENTS' LIFE

 

1) What are students “sconced” [штрафовать] for?

In the old days when Colleges were religious institutions the students were clergymen [священник], and their life was much more strict and disciplined than now. Friendship with young ladies was not allowed and the only women inside the college were washerwomen. The legend is that these had to be “old and ugly”.

The students eat their meals in the College dining-hall. At some Colleges there is an interesting tradition. It is known as “sconcing” [наложение штрафа на студентов за нарушение правил]. If a student comes late to dinner or he is not correctly dressed, or if he breaks one of the laws of behavior, then the senior student orders him to be “sconced”. A large silver cup, known as «sconce cup», filled with beer is brought and placed in front of him and he must drink it in one attempt without taking the cup from his lips (it holds two and a half pints, or 1,5 liters). If he can do it, then the senior student pays for it, if not, the cup is passed round and the student who has been “sconced” must pay for it.

 

What do the so-called “Bulldogs” do if a student whom they come up to runs away?

The students can stay out till twelve o'clock. Each evening a Proctor [административное лицо, в чьи обязанности входит надзор за поведением студентов и наложение дисциплинарных взысканий] with two assistants, called “Bulldogs”, walks about the town keeping an eye on the students' behavior. If he sees a student breaking a rule he will come to him and say: “Are you a member of the University, sir?”, and if a student runs away, then “Bulldogs” run after him and if they catch him (they are chosen, it is said, because they are good runners), fine him.

Apart from fines a student may be dismissed from the University for one term.

In what case is “Boredom Button” pushed?

In most schools and universities teachers give their students marks for their work. All students hate a “D” and are happy if their teacher gives them an “A”. Now at one American University both the students AND the lecturers must work hard if they want good marks.

During classes the students give their lecturers marks. Each desk is equipped with a “Boredom button”. If a student thinks that the lecture is boring he can press the special button. When he does this, a light at the back of the classroom is switched on. There is one light there for every student. The lecturer can look at the lights and he can see if his students think the class is interesting or boring. The lecturer can't see which students are pressing the buttons. So, the students can be completely honest. If too many lights come at the back of his class, a lecturer knows that he must do something quickly and make the class more interesting.

LESSON TWO

TRAVELING BY TRAIN

Ex.1. Practice the reading.

► -ture, -sure

▪ lec ture, fu ture, depar ture, mix ture, expendi ture, struc ture, punc ture, frac ture, manufac ture, crea ture, fix ture, curva ture, fea ture, conjunc ture, adven ture, mois ture;

▪ mea sure, plea sure, lei sure, clo sure, disclo sure, embra sure, trea sure, trea sury;

▪ BUT: sure, ensure, insurance

► ea

▪ incr ea se, conc ea l, m ea n, def ea t, ea ger, tr ea ty, f ea sible, h ea ter, l ea d, r ea sonable, h ea ver, rel ea se, d ea n, d ea ler, l ea ve, ea sy, b ea con, l ea se, m ea ning, r ea ch, tr ea tment, w ea k.

▪ BUT: overhead, headway, tread, ready, steady, spread, instead, treadle, measure, pleasure, weather, meant, heavy; break; really, create, realize

► pay attention to the letters which are not pronounced:

ha l f, wa l k, ta l k, shou l d, cou l d, wou l d, h our, hi gh, hei gh t, strai gh t, fri gh ten, sli gh tly, si gh t, ali gh t, fi gh t, mi gh t, midni gh t, frei gh t, reti gh ten, ou gh t, wei gh t, desi g n, beni g n; si g n, ali g nment, consi g nment, assi g n, w h at, w h eel, w h arf, w h is t le, w rong, w rist, w rite, w rench, ship w re c k, de c k, cli c k, ra c k, re c kon, sto c k, co c kpit, k now, k not, k no c k, k nu c kle, clim b, com b.

Words and word combinations to be remembered

1) to appear –появляться; казаться 2) to approach – приближаться, подходить 3) to arrive – прибывать arrival – прибытие 4) average– средний 5) berth –спальная полка (в вагоне) lower berth –нижняя полка upper berth –верхняя полка 6) bridge– мост 7) to call – называть; вызывать; звонить so-called – так называемый 8)carriage– вагон 9) to carry – перевозить, транспортировать; нести 10)to change – менять, изменять(ся) to change (trains) – делать пересадку change – изменение; пересадка; сдача 11)compartment– купе 12)to connect – соединять, связывать connection– соединение, связь 13)crew –бригада, экипаж locomotive crew –локомотивная бригада train crew –поездная бригада 14) to depart – отправляться departure – отправление 15)destination– место назначения 16)discount– скидка 17)fare(s)– плата за проезд to pay the fare(s) – оплачивать проезд, брать билет(ы) 18)fast– быстрый, скорый 19)heavy –тяжёлый; интенсивный, сильный 20) to improve –улучшать, усовершенствовать improvement – улучшение, усовершенствование 21)junction– железнодорожный узел, узловая станция 22)necessary– необходимый 23)to notice – замечать notice –объявление 24)porter– носильщик 25)to propose – предлагать 26)to serve – служить, обслуживать service – услуга, обслуживание; перевозки 27)suburb– пригород suburban train – пригородный поезд, электричка 28)suitable –подходящий 29)terminal (terminus)– вокзал, конечная станция 30) ticket – билет single ticket – билет “туда” (билет в одном направлении) return ticket – билет “туда и обратно” 31)traffic – движение, перевозки traffic frequency – частота движения traffic jam – пробка на дороге 32) to try –пытаться, пробовать

Mind the prepositions

1) to arrive in (a city, a country) 11) to look for

2) to arrive at (a railway station, an airport) 12) to look forward to

3) to leave for (London) 13)to be in a hurry

4) to depart from (Moscow) for (Samara) 14) to be at somebody’s disposal

5) to get on (the train, the bus, etc.) 15) at the railway station (airport)

6) to get off (the train, the bus, etc.) 16) to see somebody off

7) to get to 17)to take notice of

8) to go by (train, bus, car, etc.) 18) a ticket for (the 12 o'clock train)

9) to transfer from (bus) to (train) 19) a ticket (a train) to (Moscow)

10) to look at 20) on the train

 

Ex.2. Choose the word having an opposite meaning to:

1) expensive a) enormous; b) dear; c) cheap; d) suitable

2) fast a) rapid; b) quick; c) swift; d) slow

3) heavy a) light; b) intense; c) necessary; d) busy

4) low a) tall; b) average; c) high; d) small

5) frequently a) often; b) rarely; c) numerous; d) seldom

6) major a) large; b) small; c) main; d) minor

7) a stopping train a) a direct train; b) a local train; c) an express train; d) a fast train

8) to arrive a) to approach; b) to go; c) to depart; d) to appear

9) to get on a) to leave; b) to enter; c) to get into; d) to get off

10) to see off a) to look at; b) to meet; c) to get off; d) to part

11) to appear a) to arrive; b) to approach; c) to disappear; d) to suggest