Прошедшее совершенное время длительного вида

The Past Perfect Continuous Tense образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to be b Past Perfect и причастия I основного глагола.

The Past Perfect Continuous употребляется для выражения:

1. Длительного действия, которое началось в прошлом и закончилось к определенному моменту в прошлом:

He was out of breath. He had been running fast.

2. Длительного действия, которое началось раньше момента в прошлом и продолжалось и определенный момент и прошлом:

He had been teaching English for ten years when we met.

При этом может быть обозначен как весь период (предлог for) в течение которого длилось действие, так и начальный момент (since):

We had been smoking in silence for a few minutes before he spoke again.

He had been studying foreign languages since he became a student.

Exercise 1. Supply either the Past Perfect Continuous or the Past Continuous of the verb in brackets.

1. Jim was on his hands and knees on the floor, he (look) for his pen. 2. When 1 arrived she (wail) for me. But she looked angry as she (wait) for a very long time. 3. They still (walk) when it started snowing. 4. The children looked tired. They (walk) since early morning. 5. The magnificent car (wait) at the door. It (wait) for two hours. 6. The sun (shine) all day long yesterday. 7. She (cry) for a few minutes more before she could stop. 8. John (drive) the cur when the accident happened. 9. The sky (clear) though it (rain) still, 10. The telephone (ring) for a few minutes before somebody picked up the receiver.

Exercise 2. Supply the Past Simple, the Past Continuous, the Past Perfect, the Past Perfect Continuous of the verbs in brackets.

1. We (talk) for some time when the bell (ring). 2. That day the sun (shine) since morning and the sky (be) blue. 3. I (tell) Slim what 1 (do) and lie (tell) me what he (do) in the last three months. 4. They (walk) along the street for half an hour before they (see) a cafe. 5. 1 (have) breakfast when the telephone (ring). 6. How long you (know) Mike before you (get mar lied)?

 

Exercise 3. Supply the Past Simple, the Past Continuous, the Past Perfect, the Past Perfect Continuous of the verbs in brackets

 1. She (cook) dinner when her husband (return) home. 2. She (cook) dinner for half an hour when she (remember) that she (run out) of bread. 3. She (thank) me for what 1 (do). 4. The children (clean) the front step for more than an hour before their mother (call) them to dinner. 5.The front step (look) very clean after the children (scrub) it. 6.The family (watch) TV when I (come) home.

 

The Future Simple (Indefinite) Tense

Будущее время общего вида

The Future Simple (Indefinite) Tense образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола shall (для 1 лица ед, и мн. числа) и глагола will (для всех остальных лиц) и смыслового глагола без частицы to.

 

The Future Simple Tense употребляется длявыражения:

1. Однократных действий, которые произойдут в будущем:

He will come back in two days.

 

2. Повторяющихся действий, которые произойдут и будущем:

She will take English lessons twice a week.

Запомните: Разграничение между глаголами shall и will характерно для британского варианта английского языка, но в разговорной речи более употребительным является глагол will для всех лиц и чисел.

Будущее действие в английском языке может также выражаться:

1. При помощи конструкции  to be going + инфинитив:

I am going to do this exercise -  Я собираюсь сделать это упражнение.

2. При помощи времени Present Simple, особенно с глаголами движения go, start, b egin, come и т.д.:

The train starts in a quarter of an hour -

Поезд отправится через 15 минут.

3. При помощи времени Present Continuous (с теми же глаголами):

The expedition is arriving in a week -

Экспедиция прибудет через неделю.

4. Будущее время не употребляется в придаточных предложениях времени и условия, оно заменяется настоящим:

If the weather is nice this afternoon we will have a picnic.

Если погода будет хорошей днем, мы устроим пикник.

The Future Continuous Tense