Колышкина Л.Л., Вихарева Г.А., Воскресенская Н.Е., Ершова Н.Э., Захарова С.А., Зачиняева О.В., Маковецкая И.А., Силина Е.К.

АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК

ДЛЯ СТУДЕНТОВ бакалаврИАТА

 

Под редакцией профессора Н.А.Голиковой

 

 

Утверждено советом университета

в качестве учебного пособия

Санкт-Петербург

 

ББК 81.2 Англ.

УДК 802.0

 

Рецензенты:

кандидат педагогических наук, доцент Л.В.Семенова

кандидат филологических наук, доцент Т. А. Строгая

 

 

Колышкина Л.Л., Вихарева Г.А., Воскресенская Н.Е., Ершова Н.Э., Захарова С.А., Зачиняева О.В., Маковецкая И.А., Силина Е.К.

Английский язык для студентов бакалавриата:учебное пособие / Под ред. проф. Н.А.Голиковой. – СПб: СПбГМТУ, 2012. – 104 с.

 

 

Учебное пособие предназначено для обучения речевой деятельности на английском языке студентов всех направлений подготовки по программам бакалавриата.

Пособие состоит из шести разделов, охватывающих следующие темы: «Семья», «Высшее образование», «Россия», «Мировая культура», «Спорт и фитнес», «Моя будущая профессия».Каждый раздел содержит тексты для изучающего и ознакомительного чтения, лексико-грамматические и коммуникативно-речевые упражнения, тематический словарь и тестовые задания.

В пособии имеются приложения, включающие образцы деловой корреспонденции, примеры разговорных клише, таблицы грамматических и словообразовательных моделей.

 

ББК 81.2 Англ.

УДК 802.0

 

Ó СПбГМТУ,

 

 

 

CONTENTS

 

Unit 1. Family…………………………………………….........5

Unit 2. Higher Education………………….…………….........21

Unit 3. Russia……………………………….………………...40

Unit 4. The World of Culture…………….…………………...54

Unit 5. Sport and Fitness……………………………………...69

Unit 6. My Future Profession…………………………………78

Appendix 1. Irregular Verbs…………………………………..90

Appendix 2. English Tenses…………………………………..92

Appendix 3. Wordbuilding………………………….………...94

Appendix 4. Business Letters…………………………………96

Appendix 5. Speech Patterns………………………...............102

 

Phonetic Symbols

Согласные Consonants

Гласные Vowels

[b] but [p] pen [v] very [f] fine [k] cat [g] go [s] sit [z] zero [d] day [t] ten [G] jam [C] child

[T] think [D] this [j] yes [m] my [n] no [r] red [l] like [Z] television [S] she [h] he [w] we [N] song

[A] but [e] pen [I] sit [x] cat [P] dog [u] put [q] about, center [R] car [J] see [L] four [H] too [W] girl

[eI] day [aI] my [OI] boy [eq] where [qV] no [Iq] here [uq poor [aV] now [aIq] fire [aVq] our [eIq] chaos [OIq] lawyer

UNIT 1. FAMILY

Grammar: Personal pronouns and their derivatives; to be; to have; there is/are; plurals of nouns; some, any, no and their derivatives; Active Simple tenses; basic forms of the verb; Conditional I

Vocabulary

Bachelor of Science /Arts – бакалавр естественных /

гуманитарных наук

cousin n – двоюродный брат, /-ая сестра

divorced a – разведенный

enough adv – достаточно

get on – ладить

grandparent n – бабушка, дедушка

grandchild n – внук, внучка

guest n – гость

housewife n – домохозяйка

hostel n – общежитие

husband n – муж

magazine n – журнал

married a – женатый, замужем

modern conveniences – современные удобства

neighbour n – сосед

pen-friend / penpal / keypal n – друг по переписке

parent n – родитель

secondary school – общеобразовательная школа

share household chores/duties – делить домашние обязанности

single a – одинокий, холостой,

незамужняя

suburb n – пригород

surname n – фамилия

spend time – проводить время

teenager/teen n – подросток

wife n – жена

1.1 Read these words and give their Russian equivalents.

Nouns n (существительные): university, principle, mathematics, physics

Verbs v (глаголы): form, start, finish, organize

Adjectives a (прилагательные): special, technical, practical, general, favourite

Adverbs adv (наречия): finally, practically, generally, often, seldom

Grammar: Plurals

student / students, office / offices

country / countries, study / studies

watch / watches, class / classes, box / boxes

man / men, woman / women, child / children, tooth / teeth, mouse /mice

1.6 Give the following nouns in the plural:

magazine, dictionary, fax, woman, city, address, day, baby, match,

play, page, fish, eye, desk, bus, fridge, ship, hobby, house, name

Grammar: there is/are – есть/имеется, существуют

There are four of us in the family.

There is a sofa and two armchairs at the wall.

Is t here a shopping centre near your home? – No, there is not.

There are no foreign students in our group.

– Is there a football match on TV?

– Yes, there is.

– How many films are there this evening, John?

– There are two or three good films.

– It’s great.

1.7 Exam topic. Read the text My Family and make up a story about your own family. Say how big your family is; describe your parents (names, age, occupation); your flat/room; free time.

MY FAMILY

Let me tell you about myself. My first name is Ann. My surname is Lebedeva. I am 17. I was born in Rostov. I left a secondary school. My favourite subject at school was maths. Now I am a first year student at the Marine Technical University. I study here to be a Bachelor of Science/Arts. I like reading. I prefer detective stories, historical novels and modern writers.

My family is not large. We are four in the family. My father’s name is Anton. He is 45 years old. He is an engineer. My mother’s name is Helen. She is 41. She is a housewife. My brother/sister is a pupil. I love my family. We are all friends and we get on very well.

We live in a three-room flat in a new block of flats. There is a living room and two bedrooms. We also have a kitchen, a bathroom and a toilet. We have all modern conveniences: gas, running water, central heating, electricity and the telephone. My mother keeps the house and we share household chores to help her. I have my duties about the house. I go shopping for food and clean the rooms. It’s not difficult for me. There is no place like home, you know.

I have many friends. Most of them are my former classmates. We spend much time together, go for a walk or to a disco party, talk about lessons, music, and discuss our problems. I like listening to modern music and my favourite group is U2. I haven’t got much time for TV but sometimes I spend an hour or two watching an interesting film or a news programme. In the evening I often read magazines or an interesting book. I like fresh air and exercise, but I don’t have enough time for sport.

What is your name?

- Excuse me.

- Yes.

- What is your name, please?

- My name is Olga.

- Is this your first name?

- Yes, it is.

- What is your second name?

- My second name is Pavlovna.

- And what is your last name?

- My last name is Savchuk.

- How old are you?

- I’m twenty.

Presents for the Family

- What comes next?

- Let me see… Tights and lipstick for my nieces, a large box of chocolates for my granny, as she has a real sweet-tooth.

- Who comes next?

- My nephew will be five next week.

- You should buy him a wind-up toy and a pack of bubble-gum.

- And what about my wife’s brother?

- You mean your brother-in-law? What does he do?

- He’s a writer.

- That is easy then. Buy him a good portable computer!

 

1.8 Tell your partner which of the following are true about you and you family.

– we spend a lot of time together

– we are close to each other

– we share secrets

– we make decisions together

– we help each other

– we don’t communicate much

– they help me believe in myself

– we criticize each other

 

1.9 Exam task. Answer the questions. Then make up a dialogue about your family with a partner.

1.What’s your full name? 2.How old are you? 3.When and where were you born? 4.Is your family big? How many are you in the family? 5.Have you got any brothers or sisters? 6.What is your father’s name? How old is he? What does he do? 7.What is your mother’s name? How old is she? What is her job? 8.Who keeps your house? 9.How do you spend your free time?

 

1.10 Match questions A – F to answers 1 – 6. Then make the answers longer from lines a) – f) below.

A Have you got any brothers or sisters?

B Can you please describe one of your friends to me?

C What do you like doing in your free time?

D Can you tell me something about your family?

E What are some of your good and bad qualities?

F How do you spend time with your friends?

1. I love cycling and doing tricks on my bike.

2. I’m rather lazy.

3. My best friend is Katya. She’s a very interesting person.

4. No, I’m an only child.

5. We go out together, especially at the weekends.

6. There are four of us: my parents, my brother and myself.

a) Sometimes we go dancing, sometimes to the cinema, and sometimes we just walk around the city centre.

b) But I’ve got four cousins, two girls and two boys. My favourite cousin is the same age as me.

c) I go out on my bike every day if the weather is not too bad.

d) I usually leave doing all work till the last moment.

e) My mother is a doctor and my father is an engineer.

f) She paints and draws and plays the piano.

 

Grammar: Pronouns some, any, no and their derivatives
some	any	no
somebody	anybody	nobody
someone	anyone	no one
something	anything	nothing
somewhere	anywhere	nowhere

Note: Any in positive sentences means любой, всякий: Any student can

join a scientific society. You can call me any day, any time.

 

– Mom, what is there for lunch?

– Ham and some salad.

– Is there any grapefruit juice?

– I’m afraid there isn’t. There is some apple juice in the fridge.

– Is there any fruit?

– Yes, there are some bananas and pears.

– Oh, there isn’t any bread.

– So, let’s go to the store.

Translate the sentences.

1.She will cook something. 2.She went somewhere. 3.I read some interesting stories yesterday. 4.He picked up something from the ground. 5.He saw somebody in the distance. 6.There are some books on the table. 7.Is there anybody in the library? 8.You can go anywhere now. 9.Where are you going? – Nowhere. I’m staying here. 10.The accident looked serious but fortunately nobody was injured. 11.The boy refused to tell us anything. 12.I don’t mind where you sit. You can sit anywhere. 13. Nobody tells me anything. 14. No intelligent person could do such a stupid thing. 15.There were no shops open. 16.There was nobody in the room.

Welcome

– Come in. This is my room.

– You have a nice room and you have got a computer. Have you got any

computer games?

– Yes, I have quite a lot.

– Do you have “Space Quest V”?

– Yes, here it is.

– Have you got any chess computer games?

– No, I’m afraid I haven’t.

– Please, come in.

– Thank you.

– Please, sit down. Would you like a cup of tea?

– Yes, please.

– Help yourself to scones.

– Thank you.

– How about some cream?

– No, thank you. Could you pass me the sugar, please?

– Yes, here you are.

– Can I have another cup of teа?

– Yes, sure.

LEISURE

1.17 Use the words from the word bank and talk about your free time.

Do you have free time? When? How do you like to spend it? Do you prefer spending your free time alone or with anybody else? Have you got any hobby? Is it collecting things, doing things, designing things, learning things? What is your favourite activity?

Word bank. Hobbies: have yoga classes, read books; activities: go rock climbing/for a walk/for a ride/clubbing/ skiing/dancing/skateboarding

/shopping; chat on the phone, watch a film, have a coffee, surf the Net, stay at home.

1.18 Chris and Rose have recently started going out together and are trying to decide what to do in the evening. Complete their conversation with the words in bold.

a) watching, b) play, c) listen, d) go out, e) clubbing, f) dance

CHRIS: So, what shall we do tonight?

ROSE: Let’s go ___ (1)! I feel like a dance.

CHRIS: Oh, no …I can’t stand all that noise. Can’t we just stay at home and ___ (2) chess?

ROSE: You must be joking!

CHRIS: Well, actually, yes, it is… But if you don’t like it, we can do something else.

ROSE: Like what?

CHRIS: How about___ ( 3) a good film on DVD?

ROSE: You really don’t want to ___ (4) at all, do you Chris? What are you, sixty years old or something?

CHRIS: We could ___ (5) to some music later… we could___ ( 6) on our own, just the two of us. What do you think of that, Rosie?

ROSE: Oh, OK, then. Maybe you can be romantic after all. But no chess, right?

 

TEST 1

Complete the dialogue with the phrases given.

a) No, thanks. b) Are you free tonight? c) Cool! d ) That’s a great idea!

Tony: Hi David. ___ (1 )?

David: I think so. Why?

Tony: Because there is a new thriller on at the Rex. Would you like to join

me?

David:___ (2). I don’t like thrillers.

Tony: Oh … What about a comedy then? There is one starring Jim Carrey.

David: I don’t know … I don’t really like him.

Tony: Oh. I’ve got it! It’s Thursday today and your favourite sitcome is on

TV!

David: Yes, that’s true … Do you want to watch it with me?

Tony:___ (3) Let’s meet at your place at 7:30 then!

David: ___ (4) How about some pizza for dinner?

Tony: Count me in!

 

At the Shop

- Hello, could you show me one of those T-shirts?

- Here’s a nice one. What size?

- Size 44, I think.

- Yes, here’s one.

- How much is it?

- $ 4.50.

- Here’s $ 5.00.

- That’s 50 cents of change.

1.29 Put the words from the list into the following categories:

TEST 2

Exam task. Read the text. Are these sentences true or false?

1. Mona wants to become a computer programmer.

2. She is an only child in the family.

3. She isn’t married.

4. Mona speaks three languages.

5. Her family live in the center of the capital.

My name is Mona Saeed and I am from Manama. It is the capital city of Bahrain. I am a student at Bahrain Training Institute. I am studying computer programming. I hope to work in a bank one day. I am 18 years old and I am single. I have two brothers and three sisters. We all live with our parents and grandmother in a large house in the suburbs of Manama. I speak Arabic, and English quite well. I also understand Farsi, but I can’t speak it very well. In my free time I like reading novels, watching TV, and playing computer games.

UNIT 2. HIGHER EDUCATION

Grammar: Numerals; Degrees of comparison; Simple Passive; the Participle; Quantifiers; Continuous tenses; in, on, at

Vocabulary

academic staff – преподавательский состав

attend v (lectures) – посещать лекции

carry out v (experiments) – проводить, ставить (опыты)

defend the diploma project – защищать дипломный проект

degree / diploma n – научная степень, диплом

design v – конструировать, проектировать

develop v – развивать, разрабатывать

device n – устройство, прибор

double period – занятие (пара)

education n – образование

engineering n – техника, машиностроение

engineer’s degree – диплом инженера

enter v – поступать (в вуз)

exam (in) n – экзамен (по)

establish v – учреждать

field n – отрасль, область (знания)

first year student – первокурсник

full time student – студент дневного отделения

graduate n – выпускник

graduate from – закончить вуз

higher school – высшее учебное заведение

have / take / pass / fail an exam – сдавать / сдать / не сдать экзамен

investigate / research v – исследовать

naval а – военно-морской

offer v – предлагать

outstanding a – выдающийся

part time student – студент вечернего отделения

postgraduate n – аспирант

science n – наука

shipyard (shipbuilding yard)– судостроительная верфь, завод

student’s record book – зачётная книжка

study v – учиться; исследовать

subject n – предмет (обучения)

teach / train / instruct v – обучать

technology n – технология, техника

term n – семестр

time-table n – расписание

the humanities (pl) – гуманитарные науки

to revise (to do a revision) v – готовиться к экзамену, повторять

for an examination материал

undergraduate n – студент

2.1 What does it mean to be well educated? How can education be of use for you? Is learning a foreign language an important part of education?

2.2 Write ten important reasons to study English.

2.3 Read these numerals according to the models:

	Model 1	17 (seventeen)–70 (seventy)
	18 – 80	13 – 30	19 – 90	14 – 40	15 – 50	16 – 60
Models 2	(whole numbers):
	– a (one) hundred 100,000 – a (one) hundred thousand
1,000	– a (one) thousand 1,000,000 – a (one) million
	– three hundred 5,000,000 – five million
2,000	– two thousand
345; 2,700; 60,000; 44,502,000; 758; 6,289; 5,002,004; 1,568; 568.

 

Model 3^1/6	– a (one) sixth	^1/2	– a half
^2/6	– two sixths	^1/4	– a quarter (a fourth)
1^1/3	– one and a (one) third

 

²/₃; ⁵/₆; ⁶/₇; ³/₄ ; ¹/₈; 3½; 2¹/₅; ⁷/₉; 1²/₅;;²/₆; ³/₇

 

Model 4	0.5	– zero point five (ou point five; point five)
	2.5 – two point five
13.25; 5.6; 3.1; 24.7; 8.15; 3.6; 5.04; 0.6; 22.4; 67.15

 

Model 51914 – nineteen fourteen, 1900 – nineteen hundred, 2005 – two thousand and five
1147; 1242; 1380; 1703; 1905; 1941; 1945; 1986; 2000

2.4 Read the text and find all the words and expressions related to education.

Translate the sentences.

1.Tom is as intelligent as Mark. 2.The Moskva river is less navigable than the Neva. 3.The more we study, the more we know. 4.Jane is not as pretty as Alice. 5.The more attentive we are at the lessons, the more we learn. 6.The voyage to Odessa is as beautiful as the voyage to Sochi. 7.This shipyard is not so well-known as the Admiralty shipyard. 8.Russia has more natural resources than any other country in the world.

Grammar: Simple Passive

	be + Past Participle
Present	am / is / are invited
Past	was / were invited
Future	will be invited

We write notes. – Notes are written.

They explained the rule. – The rule was explained.

He will meet the new students in the hall. – The new students will be met in the hall.

We can make films. – Films can be made.

We looked at the student. – The student was looked at.

Translate the sentences.

1.A lot of experiments are carried out in our laboratories. 2.Higher mathematics is taught in the first year of students' studies. 3.The student was immediately sent for. 4.Were you asked to come in time? 5.The second talk on the new machine will be given tomorrow by one of the inventors. 6.The text was followed by exercises. 7.The world’s first underground railway was opened in 1863 in London, it is also called the tube. 8.“Hamlet” was written by Shakespeare.

 

2.14 Rewrite these sentences, putting the verbs in the passive. Keep them in the same tense, and remove they, we, etc.

Model: We clean the garages every day.

The garages are cleaned every day.

1.They export this computer to seventy different countries. 2.We opened the office at nine o’clock. 3.They send two million books to India every year. 4.We told him not to be late again. 5.They posted all the letters yesterday. 6.They’ll pay me a lot of money to do the job. 7.Fortunately, they didn’t damage the machinery. 8.We send the newspapers to Scotland by train.

HISTORY OF THE UNIVERSITY

The history of St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University goes back to 1902 when a special department for professional education in naval architecture was established in St. Petersburg Polytechnic Institute. The first twenty seven graduates of this department received the degree of naval engineers and were trained to “construct any ships and ship machines”.

In 1930 the Shipbuilding Faculty of the Polytechnic Institute gave birth to the Leningrad Shipbuilding Institute which became the leading educational institution of marine engineering and ocean technology in the country. In 1992 it was renamed the Marine Technical University (MTU).

At present the MTU offers a wide range of undergraduate and postgraduate programmes leading to degrees of a specialist, Bachelor of Science, Master of Science, candidate and doctoral degrees, equivalents to Doctor of Philosophy and Doctor of Science.

Within the MTU there are many faculties. The main are as follows: the Faculty of Shipbuilding and Ocean Technology, the Faculty of Marine Engineering and Automation, the Faculty of Designing Marine Devices, the Faculty of Economics.

 

2.17.What new things have you learned from the text? What faculty did you enter? Why? Talking about your choice, use the expressions:

I like the sea; I would like to build ships; this University is not far from my home; I am good at maths; I would like to go into research (industry, business, teaching); I will have fundamental knowledge of many sciences.

2.18 Read about the faculties. Translate the text about your faculty.

For nearly a century the Faculty of Shipbuilding and Ocean Technology has been one of the leading centres of ship research and design and it is widely recognized for its contribution to such areas as ship design, structural mechanics, applied mathematics, hydromechanics and naval architecture. Students can also take programs concerning all phases of discovering, producing and delivering offshore oil and gas resources. Much attention is also paid to new technologies making the exploration of the ocean economically attractive and environmentally friendly. The dominating area of research concerns the development of mathematical modelling and computer simulation of all types of waterborne vehicles.

Notes: structural mechanics – строительная механика

applied mathematics –прикладная математика

naval architecture – кораблестроение, теория кораблестроения

environmentally friendly – экологичный

computer simulation – компьютерное моделирование

waterborne vehicle – плавучее транспортное средство

The Faculty of Marine Engineering and Automation trains mechanical engineers covering the spheres of research, design, manufacturing and assembly of marine power installations, i.e. ship engines of all types. At the faculty fundamental subjects comprise mathematics, physics, mechanics, materials science, computer science with further emphasis on thermodynamics, heat transfer, electronics, electrical circuits, etc. These subjects along with the humanities are an integral part of any program at the faculty.

Notes: assembly n. – сборка

marine power installation n. – судовая силовая установка

i.e. – that is – то есть

electrical circuit – электрическая цепь

heat transfer – теплопередача

along with – наряду с

The Faculty of Designing Marine Devices was organized in 1945. Most of the educational programs are designed to train students for developing and operating modern naval systems, including navigation and control. The students are taught to design, control and operate underwater robots with some elements of artificial intelligence. The following programs are provided: underwater technology control systems, marine electronics and hydrophysics, computer systems and networks.

Note: artificial intelligence – искусственный интеллект

The Faculty of Economics was established in 1939. It was originally intended for training professionals in the sphere of financial activities at shipbuilding enterprises. Now the graduates of the faculty have a great range of career opportunities – from an accountant to the head of an enterprise. The faculty offers the courses of Principles of Macroeconomics and Microeconomics, Theory of Economic Development, Marketing, International Business.

Grammar: the Participle Present Participle
	Active	Passive
Simple	building	being built
Perfect	having built	having been built

Past Participle

 

constructed, built

It's a very tiring job. (What kind of job? Tiring.)

He's very tired. (How does he feel? Tired.)

Having done her homework, she watched TV.

(= After she had done her homework, she watched TV.)

He broke his arm (while) playing hockey.

(= He broke his arm while he was playing hockey.)

Being late, Adam took a taxi.

(= Because he was late, Adam took a taxi.)

The man standing at the door is my boss.

(= The man who is standing at the door is my boss.)

The information presented in the article was invaluable.

(= The information which was presented in the article was invaluable.)

 

2.19 Choose the correct word.

a) 1. A: Have you read that new book yet?

B: Only some of it. It's very bored/boring.

2. A: Did you enjoy your holiday?

B: Oh, yes. It was very relaxed/relaxing.

3. A: I'm going to a lecture tonight. Do you want to come?

B: No thanks. I'm not interested/interesting in the subject.

b) 1.The film was really interested/interesting. I was quite shocked/shocking. 2.There was a really excited/exciting basketball match on television last night. 3. I was a bit disappointed/disappointing that my team lost. 4. I was very pleasing/pleased with the results of my exams.

 

2.20 Translate the sentences and make difference between Past Simple and Past Participle.

1.Money spent on brain is never spent in vain. 2.My sister is called Jane. I have a sister called Jane. 3.Cheese is produced from milk. 4.Cheese produced at this factory is popular. 5.The text read was too difficult to understand. 6.In Russia, there are at least two cities founded by Peter I: Saint-Petersburg and Taganrog. 7.The food served was too hot.

Grammar: Quantifiers

С исчисляемыми существительными	С неисчисляемыми существительными
a lot of (много), lots of (очень много) plenty of (много)
many (много)	much (много)
a few (несколько)	a little (немного)
few (мало)	little (мало)

 

2.21 Fill in (very) little, a little, (very) few or a few.

1.I’m going shopping, I need to buy … things for tonight’s party. 2. … people swim in the sea in the winter. 3.I can’t wait for you. I’ve got … time. 4.There is … snow on the ground. The children can’t make a snowman. 5.He knows … people who can help him find a job. 6.We need … milk and … eggs to make the cake. 7.I have … free time for hobbies because I work a lot.

 

2.22 Exam task. Read the text, answer the questions, make up your own story and retell it.

1.When was the Institute (later the university) organized? 2.What subjects do you study? 3.What forms of teaching are there at the university? 4.What faculties are there at the university? 5.Can students combine their work and studies? 6.How long does it take a student to graduate from the university? 7.What activities do graduates usually go into?

STUDENT LIFE

2.27 What do you know about student life in Russia – cultural, sport, scientific? What do you know about student life at your university? Read the text and say which event or activity do you take part in?

At SMTU studying is not confined to the classroom. There is a wide range of social, recreational and sports activities. There are also a lot of annual traditional and cultural events to look forward to.

Students’ social life is planned to encourage their creativity and abilities. A wide range of students’ activities in the SMTU includes a variety of festivals such as “KVN” clubs, intellectual games (“What? Where? When?”, Brain Ring), various competitions and parties. The “Korabel” club offers to try your hand at singing in “Gaudeamus” choir, a patriotic club, dancing, drumming, photo-, theatre-, DJ-, showmen studios and others. Balls, holidays, contests and marine festivals are held all year long.

University students’ scientific life is marked by participating in the All-Russia Science Festival, the International Cultural-educational technical higher school course of the Shanhai Cooperation Union countries and the Student Scientific Forum “Lomonosov’s Land”.

There are sport and fitness clubs at the University. They hold chess, rowing, sailing, billiards, football, basketball, volleyball sport competitions and tournaments. Every spring nearly all the students take part in a sport competition “Lotsmanskaya Mile”.

 

OUR GROUP AND OUR STUDIES

There are twenty-five students in our group. Most of us entered the university just after leaving school. We have both boys and girls in the group. Our group is friendly and we like spending time together.

Many of us live in the hostel. Our hostel is not far from the University. It takes us about ten minutes to get to the University on foot (by bus, by tram, by metro). There is a library and a reading room in our hostel.

At the University we have lectures, seminars, classes and laboratory works. In the first year we have higher mathematics, physics, chemistry, the history of Russia, science of materials, foreign languages English, German or French and some other subjects. By the way, I am good at history but maths doesn’t come easy to me.

Most of my groupmates get basic grants and three of us get increased grants. All of us take part in social activities. We all go in for sports. I go in for rowing.

The academic year is divided into two terms: the autumn term and the spring term. At the end of each term students take examinations and if they work hard enough, they pass them successfully.

 

2.29 Answer the following questions.

 

1.How many students are there in your group? 2.Did you enter the University just after leaving school? 3.Did you work anywhere after leaving school? 4.Do you live in the hostel? 5.How do you get to the University? 6.How long does it take you to get to the University? 7.What subjects do you have in the first year? 8.What foreign language do you learn? 9.Do you take part in social activities? 10.What sports do you go in for?

 

2.30 Read and pay attention to prepositions of position: in, on, at.

a) 1.There’s nobody in the room. 2.They are walking in the park. 3.I met Tom in the street. 4.Who is the woman in that photograph? 5.There wasn’t a cloud in the sky. 6.Robert lives in a small village in the mountains. 7.Look at the girl swimming in the sea / in the river!

b) 1.Write your name at the top / at the bottom of the page.2.Jack’s house is the white one at the end of the street. 3.Who is that man standing at the bus-stop / at the door/at the window? 4.I couldn’t see very well because I was standing at the back. 5.She studies medicine at university. 6.I’ll be at work until 5.30 but I’ll be at home all evening.

Note: We say arrive in a country or town:

When did he arrive in Britain / in London?

We say arrive at with other places (buildings etc.) or events:

What time did he arrive at school / at work / at the hotel / at the party?

We say arrive home (without a preposition):

When did he arrive home?

c) 1.Don’t sit on the floor / on the ground. 2.The book is on the table. 3.There’s a report of the football match on page 7 of the newspaper. 4.In Britain they drive on the left. 5.Our flat is on the second floor of the building. 6.London is on the river Thames. 7.We stopped at a pretty village on the way to London.

 

2.31 Put in the correct prepositions in, at, on. Translate the sentences.

1.My friend lives … Moscow. 2.My flat is … the third floor. 3.I can’t find Tom … this photograph. Is he … it? 4.Paris is … the river Seine. 5.I read about the accident … the front page of the newspaper. 6.Last year we had a lovely skiing holiday … the Swiss Alps. 7.She spends all day sitting … the window. 8.Don’t phone tomorrow evening. I won’t be … home. I’ll be … Ann’s. 9.It’s always too hot … Ann’s house. 10.What time do you expect to arrive … London? 11.What time do you expect to arrive … the hotel? 12.I arrived … home feeling very tired.

 

2.32 Read the text and discuss what academic mobility is. Would you like to study abroad?

ACADEMIC MOBILITY

Many students enrich their lives with studies abroad. Those who do this say that they will never be afraid to do anything else in their lives. They spend a term (Am. semester) or more studying in England, Scotland, France, Germany, Finland, and other countries. These students say the months spent abroad help them to love their own country more.

Many of the students who go abroad or even overseas are studying foreign languages, and they say there is no better way to improve language skills and to understand another culture than to immerse yourself into that culture.

Note: immerse v – погружать

 

2.33 Act out the dialogues. Learn it by heart.

At the Airport

A: Can I have your ticket, please?

B: Yes, of course. Here you are.

A: Do you have just one suitcase?

B: Yes. This bag is hand luggage.

A: That’s fine. Smoking or non-smoking?

B: Non-smoking, please. Oh … and can I have a seat next to the window?

A: Yes, that’s OK. Here’s your boarding pass. Have a nice flight!

 

2.34 To enter the UWC you must complete the application form with information about yourself.

Name: _____________________________________________

Date of Birth: ________________________________________

Sex: _______________________________________________

Nationality: _________________________________________

Address: ____________________________________________

Choice of College: ____________________________________

List of subjects you are studying at university this year

___________________________________________________

Do you regularly take part in sports? Give details.

___________________________________________________

Do you have musical or artistic interests?

___________________________________________________

TEST 1

Complete the dialogue with the words given.

a) Come on! b) I couldn’t hear. c) That’s our flight.

A Ah! …… BA 476 to Madrid. …… (1).

B Was it gate 4 or 14?

A …… (2). I think it was 4.

B Ssssh! There it is again. It is gate 4.

A OK. …… (3).

 

2.35 Fill in the following forms in your notebooks.

CROSSROADS HOTEL

Registration form

 

Surname ________________ First name(s) _____________ Nationality ______________ Date and place of issue _____ Passport number __________ _________________________ Address _________________ Date of departure __________ Date of arrival ____________ Signature ________________

The Oak Tree School of English

Enrolment form – PLEASE WRITE IN CAPITAL LETTERS Mr/Mrs/Ms^* ______________ ___ Family name _________________ First name ___________________ Date of birth _________________ Nationality __________________ Language(s) __________________ Address in your country _____________________________________ Occupation _______________________________________________ Reason for learning English: Business/pleasure/exams/other ^* (if other, please specify) ____________________________________________ How many hours a day do you want to study? ___________________ How long are you going to stay at the school? ___________________ What date do you want to start? ______________________________ ^*Delete where not applicable

2.36 Grammar revision. Active / Passive Voice. Complete the information from the leaflet about the United World Colleges (UWC) with correct form of the verbs.

The Colleges (be) ___ international communities where young people of all races (give) ___ the opportunity of living and studying together.

The students (learn) ___ about each other’s country and societies.

Two of the Colleges – Singapore and Swaziland – (provide) ___ secondary education for students aged 11 to 19.

The Colleges of Canada, Italy, the UK and the USA (offer) ___ two-year upper-secondary courses to students aged 16-19.

Waterford Kamhlaba College (found) ___ in 1963. It was the first school in South Africa (open) ___ to all races and religions.

TEST 2

Complete the dialogue with the words given.

a) Thank you very much. b ) I’m sorry. c) Excuse me.

A ………. (1). I think that’s my suitcase.

B ………. (2). My suitcase is red, too.

A Is this yours?

B Yes, it is. ………. (3).

TELEPHONING

Making a personal call

Hi, it’s Pete.

Can I speak to Frank?

Could I leave a message?

 

Answering a personal call

Hello, this is Frank Green.

Who’s this (US) / that (UK)?

I’m sorry, Mary’s out at the moment.

Can I take a message?

Sorry, you’ve got the wrong number.

 

Making a business call

Could I have the sales department?

Can you ask him/her to call me back, please?

Could I speak to Ms Howe, please?

 

Answering a business call

Can I help you?

Thank you, goodbye.

Can I take a message?

I’m sorry, there’s no answer.

Can you hold, please?

I’m sorry, the line’s busy.

Who’s calling, please?

CULTURE NOTE: In Britain and the USA, people usually give the reason for their call first and make small talk afterwards.

 

UNIT 3 RUSSIA

Grammar: Perfect tenses, Modal verbs

Vocabulary

ancient a ­древний

approve(of) v ­одобрять

approach v ­ приближаться

award­ награждать

belong v ­ принадлежать

collapse n ­ крушение, крах

concern v ­ касаться, иметь отношение

defeat v ­ наносить поражение

defend v ­ оборонять(-ся), защищать(-ся)

dig v ­ копать

establish v ­ основывать, создавать

executive a ­ исполнительный

independence n ­ независимость

involve v ­ включать

judicial a ­ судебный

legislative a ­ законодательный

literacy n ­ грамотность

represent v ­ представлять

set up v ­ учреждать

treaty n ­ договор (международный)

undergo v ­ испытывать

unemployment n ­ безработица

3.1 Match English to Russian word combinations.

1. to undergo changes a) назначить министров

2. to enforce a law b) одобрить законопроект

3. to improve the situation c) претерпеть изменения

4. to become a law d) улучшить ситуацию

5. to appoint ministers e) проводить закон в жизнь

6. to approve of a bill f) стать законoм

 

3.2 Read the text about the Russian Federation and answer the questions.

THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The State System. The Russian Federation was set up by the Constitution of 1993 after the collapse of the Soviet Union. According to the Constitution, Russia is a Presidential Republic. The President is the head of the State. The President is the Supreme Commander-in-Chief, he signs treaties, enforces laws and appoints ministers. The State System consists of three branches: legislative, executive and judicial. All of them are checked by the President.

The legislative power is represented by the Federal Assembly. It consists of two chambers. The Upper Chamber is the Council of Federation. The Lower Chamber is the State Duma. To become a law, a bill must be approved of by both chambers and signed by the President. The President may veto the bill.

The executive power belongs to the President and the Government which is headed by the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister forms his Cabinet.

The judicial branch is represented by the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court and regional courts.

The state symbol of Russia is a three-coloured banner with three horizontal stripes. The National Emblem, the Coat of Arms, is a two-headed eagle which is the most ancient symbol of Russia.

Notes: Coat of Arms – герб

Supreme Commander-in-Chief – Верховный Главнокомандующий

Federal Assembly – Федеральное собрание

Constitutional Court – Конституционный cуд

sign a treaty – заключать договор

enforce a law – проводить закон в жизнь

1.What is the official name of our country?2.What is the structure of the Russian state system?3.What chambers does the Federal Assembly consist of?4.Who is the head of the Government?5.What is the National Emblem of Russia?

3.3 Complete the sentences.

1.The greater part of the territory of Russia is …. 2.The Urals divide Russia into …. 3.Lake Baikal is …. 4.The Arctic Ocean influences …. 5.Our country is very rich in …. 6.In 1957 …was launched in Russia. 7.On the 12^th of April we celebrate …. 8.The Russian Federation is …. 9.The legislative branch is …. 10.The executive branch is …. 11.The judicial branch is headed by ….

3.4 Look at the title of the text. Why is Novgorod called the Father of Russian cities? Read the text again and match the paragraphs to the headings: History, Trade, Famous Citizens, Novgorod today, Art and Education.

THE CAPITAL OF FOUNTAINS

Peterhof is located 30km west of St.Petersburg on the shores of the Gulf of Finland. It was the summer residence of Peter the Great, built to commemorate the victory over the Swedes in 1709 and to show the strength of the Russian Empire.

Peterhof was designed to resemble Versailles in France and architects from all over the world were involved in its design. Peter the Great himself helped to plan the layout of the gardens and fountains. Vasily Tuvolkov, Russia’s first hydraulics engineer, built the fountains in 1721-1722.

The Great Cascade fountain in the gardens has 17 waterfalls, 142 water jets, 66 fountains, 29 bas-reliefs and 39 gilded statues, including the famous five-ton Sampson Fountain. Another fountain, the Chess Hill, contains some of the best waterfalls cascading over bronze dragons. The Pyramid fountain was designed by Peter the Great and is made up of seven tiers and 505 jets.

Some of the fountains are there to surprise and amuse visitors. The Little Umbrella fountain sprays out water from 164 jets as soon as anyone sits on a bench underneath it. The Little Oak fountain sprays out water if it senses any weight approaching it and the Pebbles fountain also drenches visitors who sit on a nearby bench.

To feel happy and make their spirits high, Russians and foreign visitors come to Peterhof to enjoy its magic charms.

Notes: commemorate victory – праздновать годовщину победы

resemble – походить

bas-relief – барельеф

layout – расположение

tier – ряд, ярус

3.15. Discuss these questions with a partner.

1.Do you ever go to exhibitions? 2.When did you go last to a museum in your home town? 3.Do you like modern art? 4.What do you think art is for?

3.16 Read the text and do the tasks after it.

FAMOUS RUSSIAN MUSEUMS

1. The Hermitage is one of the world’s most universal and unique museums of art and culture. It is situated in St. Petersburg, Russia.

Being the largest fine arts museum in Russia, it contains the world famous collection of the West-European paintings, covering a span of about 700 years (13 – 20 centuries). It also houses the works by Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, Titian, El Greco, Velasquez, Murillo, as well as paintings of Rembrandt, Van Dyck, Rubens; a remarkable French canvas group of the 18 ^th century; impressionist and post-impressionist paintings.

The collections illustrate the art of many countries: Spain, Italy, Holland, Germany, Finland, Britain, Sweden, Denmark and many others.

The museum also includes European sculpture: Rodin, Michelangelo and many other eminent masters. Besides, it has several departments representing the art of China, Egypt, India, Greece, Rome, not to mention the Scythian art.

Visitors also admire the collections of tapestry, textiles, weapons, ivories, pottery, porcelain and furniture. They can make a complete and serious study of the art and culture of the past.

Having lost its original meaning (‘hermit’s dwelling’), the name “Hermitage” has gone into our literature and art and is now associated with the biggest treasure-house of the world culture and art.

2. The Tretyakov Gallery. There are many wonderful galleries in our country. The Tretyakov Gallery is the most famous and richest picture gallery both in Russia and abroad. It dates from 1856. It is named after its founder Pavel Tretyakov who began collecting Russian paintings in 1836.

In the late 60-s Tretyakov started collecting canvases by the painters of the 18 ^th and the first half of the 19^th centuries. He was the first to appreciate the newest trends in Russian painting. In the 1870-s he turned to collecting the portraits of the Russian cultural figures and it was highly appreciated by the Russian public.

His brother Sergey also collected pictures both by Russian and foreign painters, especially those by French and Dutch masters.

The brothers’ collections were opened to the public in 1874 as a private museum and soon became very popular. Some years later, in 1892, the brothers donated their picture collection to Moscow. Pavel Tretyakov remained the life-long curator of this gallery.

In 1918 the gallery and collections of paintings were nationalized and became a state museum.

Today the Tretyakov Gallery has got many departments. Some of them are devoted to the great Russian painters Repin, Levitan, Rublev, Serov and many others. Their paintings reflect the history and beauty of Russia, the Russian people’s lives and soul, give us amazing portraits of many prominent people of our country.

One of the most famous museums in Saint Petersburg is the Russian Museum, a treasure house of national culture. It contains more than 300.000 works of art and covers the period from the 11 ^th century to the present day. The museum possesses one of the finest collections of Russian paintings and the country's largest collection of national sculpture. It also has enormous collections of drawings and examples of decorative and folk-art and ancient Russian art.

The Russian Museum is situated on Arts Square. A great architect and town planner Carlo Rossi designed this square. The Mikhailovsky Palace, which now houses the Russian Museum, was built by Rossi between 1819 and 1825 for Grand Duke Mikhail, the youngest son of Paul I.

The thousands-year-old history of Russian art is represented in 130 rooms of the museum starting with the splendid collections of ancient Russian icons by famous Russian icon painters such as Andrei Rublev and Simon Ushakov. There is a fine collection of portraits by Antropov, Rokotov, Levitsky, Borovikovsky and others and of sculptures by Carlo Bartolomeo Rastrelli, Shubin and others.

The Russian Museum periodically organizes exhibitions both in our country and abroad. Paintings and sculptures from the museum have been on display in many countries of the world.

 

3.17 Complete the sentences below with the suitable words from the text.

1. The Hermitage is a universal and unique museum of ….

2. It can be ranked among the world’s richest museums in ….

3. The museum has several sections illustrating the art of ….

4. The Tretyakov Gallery dates from ….

5. It is one of the world’s most famous ….

6. The Gallery was named after its … Pavel Tretyakov who remained

its life-long ….

7. Many sections of the Gallery are devoted to ….

8. Their works reflect the ….

9. In 1918 the Gallery was nationalized and turned into ….

Translate the sentences.

1.The student has to prepare carefully his homework. 2.Our University is to train many specialists for the shipbuilding industry. 3.At the last lesson I was able to tell a long story in English. 4.The students of all the faculties are allowed to work at the University or at any other office and plant. 5.My friend was to defend his diploma project in March but he fell ill. 6.I had to carry out experiments with electricity in the physics laboratory yesterday.

 

TEST 1

Read the text about Russian Nobel prize winners and say if the statements are true or false.

RUSSIAN NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS

Every year, six Nobel prizes are awarded for outstanding work in science, literature, economics and the promotion of peace. This international prize was founded by the Swedish scientist Alfred Nobel, who invented dynamite and built up companies and laboratories in countries all over the world.

Many Russians have been nominated for the Nobel Prize since it started in 1901 and 19 of them have received the Nobel Prize for their outstanding contributions, particularly in the field of physics, but also in other areas.

The first Russian Nobel winner for medicine (1904) was Ivan Pavlov. He made many remarkable discoveries about blood circulation and the central nervous system and he discovered the conditioned reflex through his research on the digestive system. His experiments on dogs had a great impact on behavioural psychology.

Mickail Sholokhov, the outstanding 20^th century Russian writer, wrote and published a number of short stories while completing his most famous work And Quiet Flows the Don, which took him fourteen years to finish. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1965.

In 1978, Russian physicist Pyotr Kapitza was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics. He founded the Institute for Physical Problems in Moscow, and he was the oldest scientist ever to win the award.

The Nobel Peace Prize has been awarded over the years to individuals and organizations that work actively for peace and greater understanding. It was suspended during both World Wars. It has been awarded to Russian physicist and civil rights campaigner Andrei Sakharov (1975) and to Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev (1990).

1. The Nobel Prize is awarded annually.

2. Ilya Mechnikov is the only Russian who has won the Nobel Prize for medicine.

3. Pavlov’s work promoted the development of psychology.

4. Two Russians have been the Nobel Peace Prize winners.

TEST 2

Match the names of Russian Nobel Prizewinners to their descriptions.

a) Boris Pasternak

b) Ivan Bunin

c) Alexander Solzhenitsyn

d) Nikolay Semyonov

e) Nikolay Basov and Alexander Prokhorov.

 

1. A Russian writer wrote “The Gentleman from San Francisco”, which won him a Nobel Prize in 1933.

2. In 1964, two Russian physicists shared the Nobel Prize in Physics with Charles Touwns from the USA.

3. Many of his works are autobiographical, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1970.

4. He made a great contribution to th