Тема «Medical institutions. The problem of Russian health care system»

2. Значение темы: Тема «Medical institutions. The problem of Russian health care system» является актуальной для социальной и практической ориентации студента-медика. Речевые конструкции, усвоенные в ходе изучения данной темы, послужат основой профессионального общения с англо-говорящими медиками, будут необходимы для аннотирования и реферирования текстов по специальности и в ходе научно-практических конференций и симпозиумов медицинской направленности.

Работа над данной темой активизирует логическое мышление, умение анализа специального медицинского текста, что способствует общему профессионально-личностному развитию студента.

3. Цели занятия: Обучающийся должен знать лексику и разговорные конструкции по теме «The problem of Russian health care system». Читать литературу по теме, уметь вести беседу и строить самостоятельные высказывания по теме «Medical institutions.The problem of Russian health care system».

4. План изучения темы:

4.1. Исходный контроль знаний. Фронтальный опрос. Проверка знания ключевых слов и синтаксических конструкций по теме.

4.2. Изучение нового материала.

- знакомство с проблемой здравоохранения в России на основе материала текста «The problem of Russian health care system».

- чтение и перевод текста «Health Service in Russia»

- ответы на вопросы по содержанию текста:

- грамматический материал, употребление Present вместо Future.

- выполнение тренировочных упражнений. Упр.1, стр.145; упр.2, стр.145. У.П. А. М. Масловой «Essential English for Medical Students».

4.3. Заполнение анкеты по тексту «The problem of Russian health care system».

4.4. Итоговый контроль знаний.

- письменный ответ на открытый вопрос анкеты

5. Основные понятия и положения темы:

Тема «Medical institutions. The problem of Russian health care system»

предполагает ознакомление с медицинскими учреждениями в России, с историей российской медицины, с недостатками и достоинствами системы медицинского обслуживания в нашей стране.

The basic unit in our country is the polyclinic. Besides there are specialized hospitals in Russia for the treatment of particular diseases – infectious, psychiatric diseases, cancer, ophthalmological diseases and other. The emergency ambulance service operates day and night and is free of charge. Many dangerous diseases are done away with. But in the 21^st century our health care system is currently living through a complicated and difficult stage of its history. The motto “Everything for the benefit of man” turned out to be largely a slogan. The new situation requires new scientific and methodological approaches.

Задания для усвоения темы, методики вида деятельности.

6.1. Вопросы для самоподготовки

а) What is the main attention of health service in Russia paid to?

б) What is one of the most important tasks in the fight against different diseases?

в) What is helpful in health education?

г) Is the polyclinic the basic medical unit in our country?

д) How many hours does the doctor work?

е) Is the emergency ambulance service free of charge?

ж) What can you say about the equipment of the emergency ambulance service?

з) Are there many specialized hospitals in Russia?

и) What are the problems, studied by the Mother-and-Child Health Care Centre in Mosсow?

к) Is much attention in our country paid to the scientific problems?

 

6.2. Задания для самостоятельной работы. Заполнение анкеты по содержанию доклада министра здравоохранения.

 

 

The problems of Russian health care system

The People`s Health is Society`s Wealth

 

The first Russian Congress of Doctors was held in 1925.

In those days doctors had to work for a bright new nation, and especially a healthy one. By placing the emphasis on preventive health care and setting up a system of basic medical institutions such as polyclinics, hospitals, dispensaries, clinics, the nation managed to find effective solutions to such problems as smallpox, plague, cholera, malaria, which were wiped out. General health standards were improved. Many dangerous diseases were done were done away with in 1978. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommended our system of basic medical aid to all countries as a model way of organizing health care.

In the 21-th century our health care system is currently living through a complicated and difficult stage of its history.

The motto “Everything for the benefit of man” turned out to be largely a slogan. The health system was given whatever funds remained after the needs of the other spheres of out society had been satisfied. We remember that for decades the medical profession was the lowest paid category, some doctors grew indifferent to their work and unwilling to upgrade their skills.

In the middle of the last century disease patterns visibly changed. Various non-infectious pathologies such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, lung diseases, AIDS and diabetes had become the chief causes of disability and death.

Preventive health care was confronted with new problems as a result of expanding ferrous metal making, increase in motor transport, and the use of herbicides in agriculture.

The new situation required new scientific and methodological approaches.

Over the past twenty years the number of doctors has doubled. But how has this influenced health – care standards?

The first thing is to clearly realize that unless there is a drastic change in the system of planning, funding and administration of the health service, we will not solve the problems facing us.

Special emphasis must be placed on combating bureaucracy in health care.

The doctor must focus on treatment; he must help the patient, instead of doing a lot of unnecessary paper-work.

We will use the experience of a family-doctor principle.

We will improve the work of outpatient service.

We will pay great attention to preventive medicine to the protection of mother and child health.

These steps are the key to success of the Nation’s Health.

The main attention of health service in Russia is paid to prophylaxis. One of the most important tasks in the fight against different diseases is the early detection of the first signs of the disease. We pay much attention to the popularization of medical science among the population. We believe that one of the main available methods of preventing the spread of diseases is health education. The press, cinema, radio and television are very helpful for this purpose.

The basic medical unit in our country is the polyclinic. We have polyclinics for the adult population and for children. Ambulant patients are seen at the policlinic by the district doctors. A patient who is ill at home is visited by his district doctor. The doctor works 6 hours a day. For the district doctor this is made up of 3 hours in consultation at the policlinic and 3 hours in visiting patients in their homes.

The emergency ambulance service operates day and night and is free of charge. The ambulances are equipped by diagnostic, respiratory, anesthetic and electro-therapeutic apparatus, blood-transfusion and other equipment.

There are several specialized hospitals in Russia for the treatment of particular diseases - infections, psychiatric diseases, cancer, ophthalmological diseases and others.

Some words must be said about the Mother-and-Child Health Care Centre in Moscow. This centre concentrates effort not only on traditional problems of obstetrics and gynecology but also on research in normal physiology of the female organism. The main task of this centre is to ensure the birth of a healthy child. The centre developed new methods of disease prevention, diagnostics and treatment. Much attention in our country is paid to the scientific problems, concerning the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular, viral and oncological diseases, the problems of gerontology, medical genetics, immunology and the creation of artificial organs.

6.3 Ситуационные задачи по теме. Письменные ответы на открытые вопросы по теме.

What is your opinion of this publication in terms of?

 

 

	good	satisfactory	could be better
… informative content?
… up-to-datedness?
… convincing argumentation?

What is your overall impression of the publication?

good points _______________________________

_______________________________

bad points _______________________________

_______________________________

 

7. Список тем по УИРС:

«Основные типы мед. Учреждений в России»

«Главные проблемы российской системы здравоохранения»

«Шаги, которые необходимо предпринять для улучшения работы системы здравоохранения России»

8. Рекомендуемая литература:

а) Учебное пособие под редакцией А.М. Масловой «Essential English for Medical Students»;

б) Материалы доклада министра здравоохранения;

в) Учебное пособие Л.Г. Козыревой «Английский язык для медицинских колледжей и училищ»;

г) Англо-русские, русско-английские словари.

 

 

Занятие №13