Albert Einstein —Эйнштейн, Альберт (1879—1955)

2. Zurich — Цюрих (город в Швейцарии)

Planck — Планк, Макс (1858—1947), выдающийся немецкий физик

4. Brownian motion — броуновское движение; Brown [broun] —Броун, Роберт (1773—1858), шотландский ботаник

VII. Прочтите 5-й-абзац-текста-и вопрос к нему. Выберите правильный ответ в соответствии с содержанием текста.

What anniversary did people throughout the world celebrated in 1979?

a) A birthday of a well-known English physicist and mathematician.

b) The birth centenary of the great 20th century foreign member of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

c) The birth centenary of the Russian Academy of Sciences

 

 

ВАРИАНТ 2

I. Перепишите предложения. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются слова, оформленные окончанием –s, и какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т.е. служит ли оно:

а) показателем 3-го лица единственного числа глагола в Present Indefinite;

б) признаком множественного числа имени существительного или

в) показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного.

The students will not solve this problem without their teacher’s help.

In the gaseous state water changes into steam and in the solid state it becomes ice.

One of the greatest advantages of a water-power station is that it does not exhaust energy resources.

The world’s first tidal station to supply electrical power to the people of France

Realizes one of the man’s oldest dream – harnessing the sea.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, учитывая особенности перевода на русский язык определений, выраженных именем существительным.

1. The tank serves to store the water with little temperature loss.
2. Noise pollution in geothermal power plants is only the problem during construction.
3. Geothermal energy will help to overcome the energy crisis problem of today.
4. Heat transfer is directly proportional to surface area.

III. Перепишите следующие предложения, содержащие разные формы сравнения, и переведите их на русский язык.

The density of the liquid air is only a little less than the density of water.

Your advice is more important for us than hers.

The smaller the size of the building, the more quickly it gains or loses heat.

It is the most efficient method to supply hot water at the top when you couple up

Radiators.

IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, обращая внимание на перевод неопределенных и отрицательных местоимений.

Any new methods are of great importance for our plant.

This element has some important properties.

The experiment added nothing new to our knowledge of the properties of this substance.

There were no changes in the properties of the solid under test.

V. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в них видовременные формы глаголов и укажите их инфинитив; переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. There were hundreds of streets in London in the 19^th century that had no sewers.

Water and air pollution are the two main factors that destroy the environment in big cities.

In future smog will continue to kill hundreds of people and will be the cause of serious illnesses for many thousands peoples.

The degree of humidity depends on the amount of ventilation.

VI. Прочтите и устно переведите на русский язык с 1-го по 4-й-абзацы текста. Перепишите и письменно переведите 1-й и 3-й абзацы текста.

ERNEST RUTHERFORD (1871-1937)

Ernest Rutherford was born in New Zealand where he lived up to 1895. At the age of 19 after finishing school he entered the only New Zealand University founded in 1870. At that time there were only 150 students and 7 professors there. At the university Ernest took great interest in physics and developed a magnetic detector of radio waves. However, he was absolutely uninterested in the practical applications of his discoveries.

2. In 1895 Rutherford went to Cambridge where he con­tinued research under Thomson (1856—1940), the out­standing English physicist. There Rutherford studied the processes of ionization in gases and took great interest in radioactivity opened by Becquerel (1852-1908), a world-known French physicist. About ten years Ernest Rutherford lived and worked in Canada. Later he lectured in leading universities in the USA and England from 1909 till 1919.

3. Rutherford's famous work "The Scattering of Alpha and Beta Particles of Matter and the Structure of the Atom" dealt with so-called "atom models". All main Rutherford's works deal with the nuclear atom. The split­ting of the atom has opened to man a new and enormous source of energy. The most important results have been obtained by splitting the atom of uranium.

4. For working out the theory of radioactive disintegra­tion of elements, for determining the nature of alpha particles, for developing the nuclear atom, Rutherford was awarded the 1908 Nobel Prize in chemistry.

Rutherford created a school of talented physicists in the field of atomic research, Soviet scientists P. Kapitza and Y. Kchariton were among his pupils. E. Rutherford died in 1937 at the age of 66.

VII. Прочтите 4-й-и 5-й-абзацы-текста-и вопрос к ним. Выберите правильный ответ в соответствии с содержанием текста.

What for did E. Rutherford get the Nobel Prize in 1908?

a) his first scientific work?

b) the practical application of his investigations?

c) a number of researches in physics.

VII. Прочтите и устно переведите на русский язык с 1-го по 4-й-абзацы текста. Перепишите и письменно переведите 1-й 3-й абзацы текста.

MSTISLAV KELDYSH (1911 — 1978)

Mstislav Keldysh, a well-known Russian scientist, was born in Riga on January 28, 1911. He was a very capable boy and finished school at the age of 16. He wanted to become a building engineer like his father, but one could enter an engineering institute only at 17. The boy decided to enter Moscow University to study mathematics and physics.

2. After his graduation from the University at the age of 20, he began his research work at the Central Airo- Hydrodynamical Institute — the centre of aviation science at that time. The young scientist worked with enthu­siasm and soon published a number of important scien­tific papers. When Keldysh was 27, he became Doctor of Sciences.

3. The scientist did his research in the field of mathe­matics and airo-hydrodynamics. Later he solved a number of problems in aviation, atomic and cosmic techniques.

At the same time as a professor of Moscow Univer­sity he gave much of his abilities to the teaching of stu­dents.

4. For his fruitful research M. Keldysh got two State Prizes and the Russian Government awarded him the title of Hero of Socialist Labour three times. At the age of 30 M. Keldysh became an academician and on May 19, 1961 he became President of the Academy of Sci­ences of Russia.

VII. Прочтите 2-й абзац текста и вопрос к нему. Выберите правильный ответ в соответствии с содержанием текста.

Where did he get his higher education?
a) at Moscow University;

b)at the Central Airo-Hydrodynamical Institute;

c) at the centre of aviation science.

ВАРИАНТ 3

I. Перепишите предложения. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются слова, оформленные окончанием –s, и какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т.е. служит ли оно:

а) показателем 3-го лица единственного числа глагола в Present Indefinite;

б) признаком множественного числа имени существительного или

в) показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного.

1. Experts say that the nation’s water problems may be as difficult and expensive to solve as the energy crisis.
2. Water is one of the main factors in man’s life.
3. The practical results of the state policy in environmental protection include the development of technology to control air ant water pollution.
4. The operation of the safety valve results is a reduction of pressure in the boiler.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, учитывая особенности перевода на русский язык определений, выраженных именем существительным.

Water supply at the expense of ground water plays an important role in the lives of many towns and cities.

Heat builds up on the exterior of concrete walls and roofs due to solar radiation.