Curriculum and Teaching Theory, Master degree, Ufa

The invention, research and application of the robot are based on the needs of scientific research and social production. However, because of its wide range of knowledge and the integration of technology, which makes the robot has more value for education.

The educational robot is specially developed by the manufacturer in order to stimulate students' interest in learning, cultivate student’s comprehensive abilities of the robot product, kit or spare parts. In addition to the robot itself, there are corresponding control software and teaching materials, etc.. Because the robot education adapt to the new curriculum, cultivating and improving students' scientific literacy plays a positive role in many primary and secondary schools to promote, and its «play school» features loved by young people, and the popularity of the campus computer robot into the school, has become an inevitable trend, education has become a new robot the field of education curriculum in primary and secondary schools. Educational robots will become a trend in the future, today's society needs to have innovative consciousness, creative thinking of the talent, and the future of society needs these, too.

According to the research and practice of robot education experts, the application of robot education can be divided into 5 types.

The first type Robot Subject Instruction, RSI:

Robot teaching refers to robotics as a science, in all types of education at all levels, to the specialized courses, so that all students master the basic knowledge of robotics and basic skills. The teaching objectives are as follows. (1) knowledge: understanding the basic knowledge of software engineering, hardware structure, function and application. (2) skills goal: to create robot programs and design, can be assembled a variety of utility function of the robot, the robot can use and smart appliances maintenance, self - development of robot control software. (3) the emotional goal: to cultivate the interest of artificial intelligence technology, the real understanding of the role of intelligent robot to social progress and economic development. Robot education has become a subject curriculum, especially for primary and secondary school. But it also has many difficulties in teachers, equipment, venues and activities, funding, teaching experience.

Robot-Assisted Instruction, RAI Robot assisted instruction refers to the teaching and learning activities carried out by teachers and students as the main teaching media and tools. Similar to the concept of teaching and robot assisted robot assisted learning (Robot-Assisted Learning, RAL), robot aided training (Robot-Assisted Training, RAT), robot assisted education (Robot-Assisted Education, RAE), and based on the robot's education (Robot-Based Education, RBE). Compared with the robot course, the characteristic of robot assisted teaching is that it is not the main body of teaching, and it is a kind of assistant. That is,learning environment, and act as an assistant or intelligent equipment, play a common role in some intelligent teaching cannot.

Third type Robot-Managed Instruction, RMI The instruction of robot management refers to the planning, organization, coordination, command and control of the robot in the classroom teaching, educational administration, finance, personnel, equipment and other teaching management activities. The robot management is from the organization form, the organization efficiency and so on carries on its automation, the intelligence characteristic, is one kind of auxiliary management function. Fourth type Robot agent (teacher and student) affairs (Robot-Represented Routine, RRR) robot with human intelligence and part of the function of the human body, can completely replace the teachers and students to deal with some of the other things outside the classroom teaching. For example, the robot on behalf of the library, on behalf of the notes, or on behalf of the top meal, rice, etc.. The use of the robot agent transaction function, the purpose is to improve the learning related, can promote learning efficiency, quality improvement. Fifth type Robot-Directed Instruction, RDI Robot-Directed Instruction, (RDI) is the highest level of robot application in education. At this level, the robot is no longer a supporting role in many ways, but become the master of teaching organization, implementation and management. The robot becomes the object of our study, this seems to be a distant thing, but the combination of artificial intelligence and virtual reality technology, multimedia technology and make it realize is not too difficult, just how to more in line with the development of education is more important. Throughout the robot into the education of the five ways, many features are mutually complementary, interrelated, mutual integration, we are not easy to completely separate them.

The main performance of robot education in primary and secondary schools lies in the competition, which reflects the ability of the robot to design the students' ability of design and innovation. Observation of primary and secondary schools in all aspects of the way the robot education is generally divided into four: First, some students like robot inhalation through schools, children's palace, a few stations and other units, composed of intelligent robot learning team activities to students, and to participate in various competitions on behalf of the region. This form is the most important and the most effective way for the robot to enter the primary and middle school students. Second, the study of intelligent robot technology into the practice of universal practice in the large and medium-sized cities in the very common, the situation is relatively less developed and underdeveloped areas.

Third, the intelligent robot as one of the contents of information technology courses into primary and secondary school information technology education courses, this form is in the formative period, the preparation of teaching materials, curriculum is the regular opening. However, this will undoubtedly bring new vitality to the discipline of information technology, the situation of today's information technology education software development will be improved. Fourth, intelligent robot education as the research course form into the middle school, the research learning curriculum is paid more and more attention, because of the long-term, personalized education robot determines if the form of promotion will be more conducive to the cultivation of students' innovative ability through inquiry learning. However, due to the lack of the status of the course of the study, and the difficulty of the organization determines the amount of class, which will affect the overall advancement of robot education.

In China, there are some special extracurricular courses which apply robots into class to cultivate children’s creativity and ability. The first one is Lego. Lego robot education is based on Lego equipment, Lego brand, training children's ability and creativity for the purpose of the game in the natural and happy learning. Lego robot education in terms of teaching objectives and principles and «doing» is very close, and the Lego robot education is relying on Lego equipment, has a very clear operability, can think of Lego teaching is carried out with Lego robot toys «doing» activity. Have time to take a child to experience the Lego robot education, very interesting, the child's ability and innovative thinking ability will have a good upgrade.

Lego robot training courses including robot design, build, programming, control. Robot courses open the way to build the way to liberate children's thinking, divergent thinking, tap the child's imagination and creativity, cultivate children's creative thinking ability. According to the curriculum system of our high code robot: Primary class: for ages 5 to 7 With the aid of Lego, in the course of situational teaching method, let the children through their own imagination and creativity to build to solve real life problems of the robot works, exercise the child's hands-on ability and logical thinking ability. Intermediate class: for ages 8 to 9 With the aid of Lego EV3, each lesson is to complete the task to challenge the way in class, learning robot design and build image programming, docking of domestic and international large-scale robot competition. Advanced class: for ages 10 to 18 The AIDS is vex-IQ, the robot is learning C language code programming, docking of domestic and international large-scale robot competition.

The second one is Dr Le robot. Dr Le robot curriculum includes the following enlightenment courses include - my zoo, car mobilization, undersea explorers and I am an architect; let the children know what is a robot, understand the robot structure, the basic principles of robot My zoo This series of activities for children to explore the animal world, understand the characteristics and habits of the animal growth of knowledge; the development of mathematical logic intelligence and problem solving skills, understand the animal model to build a variety of real and imaginary and living environment, causing the children curious about the animal world, stimulate their love and care for animal animal emotions. Car mobilization Building a mechanical device related to transportation, building with amazing suit, develop fine motor coordination ability of children with eye and skilled in using a screwdriver. I am an architect. Through a variety of learning related structure, balance ability, measurement, comparison, design and estimation of logical thinking training children; let children through various tasks to cultivate their ability to analyze and solve problems; to complete the task by the way of cooperation to improve child teamwork and interpersonal skills. Sea Explorer To travel around the world as the main story to introduce each lesson teaching situation, teachers will take the children to understand the local customs and practices around the world, understanding the world famous landmarks or unique buildings, by the children to express their views, group discussion and reference on the cards, finally let the children create a self a series of process, capacity development, training children's mental development, small muscle force of teamwork and communication, the concept and the establishment of space based on the familiar on aids.

With the expansion of the educational robot production and the reduction of it's price, educational robot tends to spread to individual application. And there will be a revolution of individual education:

2. the trend of community education Robot educational activity is suitable for teamwork and it has rich models, continued investment. These features bring the possibility for community education. And with the help of the union of businesses and the organization of social groups, community education will have more time, more flexible activities and more smooth fund circle. All of these will bring vitality to robot education.

3. the trend of class education Almost of the robot education takes place in the extracurricular activity team. But in the future, robot education stepping into daily class education is inevitable. And, when it comes into classroom, it will work for the construction of textbooks and the research of teaching methods. It will be an innovative process.

Robot education is a promising career, and with the effort of researchers, teachers and scientists, it will have a big breakthrough in the future.

References

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