Topic: industrial centers and ports of great Britain

GRAMMAR: THE PRESENT PARTICIPLE

Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:

furniture	-меблі
establishment	-установа
commerce	-торгівля
district	-район
tools	-інструменти
tubes	-труби
metal ware	-металеві вироби
petrochemicals	-нафтохімікати
dye	-фарбник
cutlery	-ножові вироби
densely	-густо, щільно
dairying	-молочне хазяйство
moorland	-місцевість, що поросла вересом

2. Read and translate the text:

Industrial Centers and Ports of Great Britain

England is a highly developed industrial country. London is the biggest city. It is important for products of all kinds including food, instrument engineering, electrical and electronic engineering, clothing, furniture and printing. It has some heavy engineering plants and several leading research establishments. London is a great port with many docks. It is also the centre of commerce.

The North-west of London, in the midland counties (the Midlands) is a very important industrial district which is known as the "Black country". In Birmingham, the centre of this area, and in the manufacturing towns nearby, various goods are produced: machine tools, tubes, domestic metal ware, rubber products, etc. The largest coal and iron fields in Britain are located in the Midlands. Further north is Manchester, one of the main centers for electrical and heavy engineering and for the production of a wide range of goods including computers, electronic equipment, petrochemicals, dye-stuffs and pharmaceuticals. The Manchester Ship Canal links Manchester with Liverpool, one of Britain's leading seaports. East of Manchester is the city of Sheffield, well known for its manufacture of high quality steels, tools and cutlery. A short railway journey to the north-east will take you from Manchester to Bradford, the commercial centre of the wool trade.

Further north is Newcastle situated on the North Sea coast, a city famous for its shipbuilding yards and its export of coal.

In Scotland, the richest part is that of the Lowlands. Here there are coal and iron fields. Glasgow is the largest city, seaport and trading centre of Scotland. North-east Scotland is now the centre of off-shore oil and gas industries.

Although Britain is a densely populated, industrialized country, agriculture is still one of its most important industries.

Dairying is most common in the west of England, where the wetter climate encourages the growth of good grass. Sheep and cattle are reared in the hilly and moorland areas of northern and south-western England. Its best farmland lies in the south-eastern plains.

The south of England is rural, with many fertile valleys and numerous hedges dividing the well-cultivated fields and pastures.

The south-eastern coast is well-known for its picturesque scenery and mild climate and a number of popular resorts. On the southern coast of England there are many large ports, among them: Southampton, Portsmouth, and Plymouth.

 

3. Fill in the gaps in the sentences:

1. ………. in the midland counties (the Midlands) is a very important industrial district which is known as the "Black country".

2. ………. is a great port with many docks. It is also the centre of commerce.

3. In Scotland, the richest part is that of the ………..

4. Although Britain is a ………., industrialized country, agriculture is still one of its most important industries.

5. Glasgow is the largest city, seaport and trading centre of ………..

6. Dairying is most common in the west of England, where the wetter climate encourages the ………..

7. The south of England is rural, with many fertile valleys and numerous hedges dividing the ………. and pastures.

 

 

4. Complete the table according to the model:

COUNTRY	CAPITAL	CITIZENS
England	London	Englishmen
Ukraine
Russia
Poland
Switzerland
N. Ireland
Austria
Canada
France

5. Answer the following questions:

1. What products is England important for?

2. What is the name of the very important industrial district? What is produced there?

3. What is Newcastle famous for?

4. What is produced in Scotland?

5. Is agriculture still one of the most important industries in Britain?

6. In which part of England are sheep and cattle reared?

7. What south-eastern coast is well-known for?

8. What are the leading seaports of Great Britain?

Paraphrase the following sentences using the Present Participle.

1. The man who sells newspapers showed me the way to the post-office.

2. The woman who gives him money is his mother.

3. The girl who is buying a new stereo recorder is my sister.

4. The woman who is opening a savings account is my friend.

5. The men who sells different things lives in our house.

 

State the function of the Participle.

1. The students working here came from Kyiv.

2. While clarifying some details, she put down all the necessary data.

3. Producing various kinds of complex machinery the workers improve the technological process.

4. While preparing the report we use a dictionary.

5. The boy telling us about the British money lives in our house.

6. The man making the report “Ultrasonic Welding” is my student.

8. Transform the following complex sentences into simple ones:

1. I saw them as they were settling prices.I saw them settling prices.

2. We watched them as they were signing trading contracts.

3. They observed her as she was making a report.

4. I saw the girl as she was entering the room.

5. We saw them as they were concluding a deal.

 

9. Translate into English:

1. Ми чули, як декан економічного факультету робив доповідь.

2. Я чула, як менеджер фірми робив повторне замовлення.

3. Ми спостерігали, як вони з’ясовували деякі деталі.

4. Він чув, як ми читали статтю про підготовку кадрів.

5. Я побачив, як вони підписують ділові листи.

 

10. Communicative situations:

1. You want to go on an excursion to Great Britain. You are interested in industry. Ask your guide where to go and what to see.

2. Write your mom a letter from England describing your living area.

 

TOPIC: SEVEN MODERN WONDERERS OF THE WORLD

GRAMMAR: THE PAST PARTICIPLE

1. Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:

achievements	-досягнення
reputable	-поважний
leap	-стрибок
humble	-звичайний
life expectancy	-тривалість життя
to treble	-потроїтись
drug abuse	-зловживання наркотиками
famine	-голод

 

2. Read and translate the text:

Wonders of the Modern World

Today’s wonders are not similar in kind to the wonders of the Ancient World. They were all buildings and statues. In the last two centuries we have seen unprecedented technical and scientific achievements. These are surely our modern wonders. Here is the list.

Computers

They have already revolutionized the way we live and work. But it is early days for computers. We don’t know how much they are still changing the world. More computer wonders are yet to come.

Space travel

Only a few years before men were walking on the moon, reputable scientists declared that it was impossible. But in 1969 Neil Armstrong stepped out of his space capsule and made his famous statement: “That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for a mankind.”

Medical science

Surely nothing has done more for the comfort and happiness of mankind than the advance of medical knowledge! How many millions of people have benefited from the humble aspirin? How many lives has penicillin saved? Average life expectancy in Europe has risen dramatically over the last hundred years, from about 50 years in 1906 to about 75 years today.

Holidays

Yes - holidays! In fact there have always been holidays – in ancient Rome there were more than 150 a year – but a holiday used to mean simply a day when you didn’t work. Now holidaymakers travel to all parts of the world. Perhaps you don’t like so many tourists in your country, but you must agree that a phenomenon which sees the population of Greece treble in summer, and which sends office workers and shop assistants to Spain, Turkey, or the Caribbean is a wonder of the world.

The Olympic Games

It is true that the Olympic Games are now commercialized and there is greed and drug abuse. However, it is a competition in which every country in the world takes part. Every four years, for a brief moment, we see these countries come together in peace and friendship. We feel hope again for the future of mankind.

Agriculture

In 1724, Jonathan Swift wrote: “Whoever makes two blades of grass or two ears of corn grow where only one grew before serves mankind better than the whole race of politicians.” In Europe our farmers have done this. In 1709, whole villages in France died of hunger. Now, in Europe we can’t eat all the food e produce. If only the politicians could find the way to share it with those parts of the world where there is still famine.

We are still here

The last wonder of the modern world is simply that we are still here. We have bombs that could destroy the world but we have not used them. This is surely the greatest wonder of all!