IV. Choose the appropriate form of the words to complete the sentences.

1. regard, regardless

a) An operating system is a collection of system programs that aids in the operation of a computer of the application software being used.

b) The company's position with_____ to overtime is made clear in their

condition.

2. handling, handle

a) The CPU_____ computer's work.

b) There are three basic steps in_____ data.

Module 1 Variant 3

 

I. Match the definitions and the words
1. to boot 2. to install 3. to direct 4. circuitry 5. consumer 6. retrieve 7. subtract	a) b) c) d)	to become or to make sth smaller in size or amount a person who buys goods,or uses services to prepare a computer for use by loading its operation system a system of electrical circuits or

 

11. Match sentences on the left with the suitable ones on the right.
1. The internal memory or main	a) a device that mimicked the
storage	movement of one's hand on the
2. The abacus allows users	computer screen.
3. Powered by steam and large as a	b) to make computations using a
locomotive, the machine would	system of sliding beads arranged
have a stored program	on a rack.
4. This increased funding for	c) hastened technical progress..
computer development project	d) control and processing
5. Users controlled the screen cursor	components make up the heart of
using a mouse.	the computer system.
	e) and could perform calculations
	and print the results
	automatically.

III. Complete the passages using the words.

System programs are designed for the specific pieces of_______ These

programs are called_______ and______ peripheral hardware and computer

activities. User needs to_____ a specific driver in order to______ a peripheral

device. For example, if you intend____ a printer or a scanner you need_____

in advance about the driver program, which, though, commonly goes along

with your device. By installing the driver you______ your mainboard to_____

the newly attached part.

Words: drivers, coordinate, activate, to buy, «teach», to worry, install

hardware, «understand».

IV. Complete the passages using the words.

1. eliminate, elimination, eliminate

a) The virus can_____ the important information.

b) Cooler is_____ of warm air.

c) Accidental _ _ of information can take place in RAM-memory.

2. inflect, inflexible, inflexion

a) Magnifying glass can_____ sun rays,

b) Disc_____ leads to its breaking.

c) The machine was slow and________. But it could perform basic

arithmetic.

MODULE 2

Types of Software

Word List

1. aid [eid] допомога

2. to attach [a'tsrj] поєднувати

3. control [kontroul] керування, керувати

4. developer [di'velapo] розробник

5. equipment [e'kwipmoiit] обладнання

6. general-purpose загального призначення

7. interna! [in'te:nl] внутрішній

8. mainboard [mainbo.dj материнська плата

9. memory capacity [memori] обсяг пам'яті lO.peripheral [pari'foroll периферійний, зовнішній 11.regard [ri'ga:d] відношення

12.to secure [si'kjuo] забезпечувати безпеку

13. regardless |ri'ga:dlis] незважаючи на

14. security [si'kjusriti] безпечність

15. specific [spi'sifik] конкретний 16.to boot [bu:t] завантажувати 17,to check [l/ek] перевіряти

і8.to complete [ksm'pli;t] закінчувати

19,to conduct ['kan'd^kt] проводити

20. to develop [di'velap] розробляти

21, to direct [dai'rekt] керувати
22,to handle ['hamdl] керувати

23.to install [in'sto:l] встановлювати

24.to provide with забезпечувати чим- небудь

25.to require [ri'kwais] вимагати

26, to transfer [traens'ib:] переносити, передавати

27. Web-browser «браузер» (програма)
Exercises:

I. Main idea

Which statement best expresses the main idea of the text? Why did you eliminate other choices:

1. Software determines the order in which different operations are performed.

2. Application software is the most numerous and perspective from the marketing point of view.

3. Two main types of software arc system software and application software.

П. Understanding words

Refer back to the text and find synonyms for the following words: 1. to demand

 

2. to do

3. to help

4. beforehand

5. work

6. simply

New refer back to the text and find antonyms for the following words:

7. to begin

8. initial

9. external

10. general

11. to exclude

12. attractive

Types of software

Software is programs for directing the operation of a computer or electronic data. It is the final computer system component. These computer programs instruct the hardware how to conduct processing. The computer is merely a general-purpose machine, which requires specific software to perform a given task. Computers can input, calculate, compare, and output data as information. Software determines the order in which these operations are performed. Programs usually fall in one of two categories: system software and applications software.

System software controls standard internal computer activities. An operating system, for example, is a collection of system programs that aids in the operation of a computer regardless of the application software being used. When a computer is first turned on, one of the systems programs is booted or loaded into the computer memory. This software contains information about memory capacity, the model of the processor, the disk drives to be used, and more. Once the system software is loaded; the applications software can be brought in.

System programs are designed for the specific pieces of hardware. These programs are called drivers and coordinate peripheral hardware and computer activities. User needs to install a specific driver in order to activate a peripheral device. For example, if you intend to buy a printer or a scanner you need to worry in advance about the driver program, which, though, commonly goes along with your device. By installing the driver you «teach» your mainboard to «understand» the newly attached part.

Applications software satisfies your specific need. The developers of application software rely mostly on marketing research strategies trying to do their best to attract more users (buyers) to their software. As the productivity of the hardware has increased greatly in recent years, the programmers nowadays tend to include as much as possible in one program to make software interface look more attractive to the user. This class of programs is the most numerous and perspective from the marketing point of view.

Data communication within and between computers systems is handled by system software. Communications software transfers data from one computer system to another. These programs usually provide users with data security and error checking along with physically transferring data between the computer memories. During the past five years the developing electronic network communication has stimulated more and more companies to produce various, communication software, such as Web-Browsers for Internet.

III. Which of the following is software:

1. Program

2. Mouse

3. CPU

4. Word processor

5. Modem

6. Web-browser

7. Operating system

8. Scanner

9. Printer

10. Display