Computers in the modern world 


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Computers in the modern world



 

Discussion:

· Do you have a computer?

· What type of computer do you have?

· How often do you use your computer?

· What for do you usually use your computer?

· Can you imagine your life without computers?

 

KEY VOCABULARY

1. extensively – широко

2. efficient – результативный, эффективный

3. calculations- вычисления

4. mouse -мышь

5. input device – устройство ввода

6. output device – устройство вывода

7. peripherals - периферийные устройства

8. button – кнопка, клавиша

9. machine code – машинный код, кодирование

10. binary – бинарный, двоичный

11. low-level language – низкоуровневый язык

12. higher-level language – язык высокого уровня

13. sequence - последовательность

14. intercommunication - совместимость

15. software – программное обеспечение

16. network – работа в сети

17. web - сеть

18. browser - браузер

19. keyboard - клавиатура

20. up-to-date - современный

21. bits of data – биты информации

22. interactive services – интерактивные услуги

23. fiber-optic cable – оптоволоконный кабель

24. to download – загрузить, скачать из сети

25. to upload – загрузить из компьютера в сеть

26. screen - экран

27. pixel - пиксель

28. resolution - разрешение

29. display- монитор

30. density - плотность

31. cathode ray tube – катодно-лучевая трубка

32. electron beam – электронный луч

33. quality - качество

34. flat liquid-crystal display – плоский жидкокристаллический дисплей

35. simultaneously - одновременно

36. mainframe – большая ЭВМ коллективного пользования

37. workstation – рабочая станция

38. desktop – настольный компьютер

39. laptop – портативный компьютер

40. palmtop – портативный миникомпьютер

41. site – сайт, место на сервере с определенным адресом

42. Web page – веб-страница

43. link - ссылка

44. domain –домен, область

 

Text I: Types of Computers

Read the texts A-G.

Answer the questions:

 

Which computers

1. are the smallest?

2. are widespread models?

3. can fulfill several tasks simultaneously?

4. are the most expensive?

5. may be used separately or joined to a network?

6. were called at first microcomputers?

 

Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. В задании один текст лишний.

 

           
           

 

A

A supercomputer is extremely powerful. It can be used for very complex tasks, such as computer modeling of weather systems. These computers are extremely expensive, and are generally used by educational or scientific institutions, rather than individual ones.

 

B

A mainframe is a powerful computer which is capable of processing large amounts of data, often enabling many people to use it, and carry out many tasks, at the same time. A network of smaller computers or terminals is used to access the files and programs on the mainframe. Mainframes are therefore described as multi-user, multitasking machines.

 

C

A smaller computer in a network connected to a mainframe, or other more powerful computer, is often called a workstation. A workstation may also be a relatively powerful computer, usually with good graphic capabilities, that may be either attached to a network or used as a standalone machine.

 

D

A small computer designed to be used to by an individual, for example at home or in an office, is sometimes called a PC, or personal computer. This kind of machine used to be called a microcomputer.

 

E

Another type of personal computer is a desktop or desktop computer. This is a very common model, which as the name suggests fits on a desk. Many users have desktop computers either at home, at work or in educational institutions. A desktop is not designed to be portable, which means it does not have an independent power supply, and is too big and heavy to be carried easily.

 

F

A laptop is smaller than a desktop. Laptops are portable and can use batteries. As the name suggests, a laptop is small and light enough to fit on the user’s lap. A notebook is like a laptop, but is smaller.

 

G

A handheld computer, sometimes called a palmtop, a PDA (personal digital assistant), or a pocket computer, is small enough to be held in the user’s hand.

 

 



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