IV. Read and translate one-rooted words.

to deliver → delivery

to contain → container

to divide → division

to connect → connection

sponge → spongy

to breathe → breath

 

V. Read and translate word-combinations incorporating new words:

to pump arterial blood into the aorta;

to pomp blood through vessels;

to serve as the main pump;

to follow a diet; to contain a thin layer of fluid;

to breathe hard (heavily); to breathe out slowly;

to breathe in oxygen; to breathe out carbon dioxide;

to breathe out with difficulty;

to breathe deeply; plastic container;

to contain air; water pump;

hand pump; the slow release of toxic waste;

bad breath; the quality of the air;

the people breathe; to connect something to something;

connection between two processes; to have no connection with;

to deliver oxygen to all parts of the body;

to deliver lectures (speech);

 

VI. Mix and match:

1. sac 2. pump 3. sponge 4. release 5. breath 6. delivery	a. a machine for moving gas or liquid into or out of something
b. the act of letting a chemical gas etc. flow out of it’s usual container
c. a part inside of a plant or animal that is shaped like a bag and contains air or liquid.
d. the act or process of bringing something to the person or place
e. a piece of a soft natural or artificial substance full of small holes
f. the air that one takes in and out of the lungs

Respiratory System

 

The primary function of the respiratory system is to supply the blood with oxygen in order for the blood to deliver oxygen to all parts of the body. The respiratory system performs this function through breathing. When a person breathes, he inhales oxygen and exhales carbon dioxide. This exchange of gases is the respiratory system’s means of getting oxygen to the blood.

Respiration is provided through the mouth, nose, trachea, lungs, and diaphragm. Oxygen enters the respiratory system through the mouth and the nose. The oxygen then passes through the larynx and the trachea which is a tube that enters the chest cavity. In the chest cavity, the trachea is divided into two smaller tubes called the bronchi. Each bronchus then divides again forming the bronchial tubes. The bronchial tubes lead directly into the lungs where they divide into many smaller tubes which connect to tiny sacs called alveoli. The average adult’s lungs contain about 600 million of these spongy, air-filled sacs that are surrounded by capillaries. The inhaled oxygen passes into the alveoli and then diffuses through the capillaries into the arterial blood. Meanwhile, the waste-rich blood from veins releases its carbon dioxide into the alveoli. The carbon dioxide follows the same path out of the lungs when a man exhales.

The diaphragm assists in pumping the carbon dioxide out of the lungs and pulls the oxygen into lungs. The diaphragm is a sheet of muscles that lies across the bottom of the chest cavity. As the diaphragm contracts and relaxes, breathing takes place. When the diaphragm contracts, oxygen is pulled into the lungs. When the diaphragm relaxes, carbon dioxide is pumped out of the lungs.

Lesson 7
Запомните правило:

1. Суффикс -ive образует прилагательные от глаголов. Многие слова с этим суффиксом заимствованы в русский язык с суффиксом -вный

e.g. active [΄æktiv]- активный

Прочтите и догадайтесь о значении этих слов:

effective, positive, negative, collective, illustrative, constructive, directive, communicative, informative, detective, intensive, impulsive, expressive, deductive, conservative, defective, decorative, destructive, consultative, massive, sedative, administrative, radio-active

 

2.Суффикс -en образует глаголы от существительных и прилагательных:

e.g. deep - глубокий – deepen [di:pən] - углублять

Прочтите и переведите следующие пары слов, пользуйтесь словарем, если необходимо:

wide - widen; strength - strengthen; light - lighten; length - lengthen;

thick - thicken; soft - soften; dark - darken; ripe - ripen; moist - moisten

3 В английском языке существует неличная форма глагола, которая называется

Герундий (Gerund). Герундий образуется добавлением окончания -ing.

Герундий выражает опредмеченное действие, т.е. называет какое-либо действие

или процесс:

e.g. to run - бежать - running- бег

to smoke - курить - smoking- курение

В русском языке соответствующая форма отсутствует. Герундий обладает как свойствами существительного, так и свойствами глагола, поэтому на русский язык может переводиться и существительным и инфинитивом (неопределенной формой глагола). В предложении герундий может выполнять ряд функций. Он может быть:

Подлежащим

Reading is my hobby - Чтение (читать) - мое хобби.