Занятие 2. 3. 1. Времена года и погода seasons and weather

Цели занятия:

Образовательная: приобретение знаний о стране изучаемого языка, приобщение к иноязычной культуре

Развивающая: развивать способности логического изложения мыслей, готовить к самообразованию в английском языке

Воспитательная: формировать уважительное отношение к английскому языку. Воспитание культуры общения. Формирование способности воспринимать красоту окружающей природы

Практическая: развитие монологических умений.

Задания:

1. Освоить лексику по теме «Времена года и погода»: seasons (winter, spring, summer, autumn); weather (What’s the weather like?); climate (tropical, subtropical, continental, mild, severe, wet, dry); weather forecast; temperature (below, above zero); snow (v,n), rain (v,n); wind, mist, fog, frost, mud, ice; hot, cold, cool, chilly, damp, fresh, slippery, nasty; Indian Summer

2. Прочитать текст “The Weather” и ответить на вопросы по тексту

Выполнить упражнения №5-12

3. Прослушать прогноз погоды и выполнить задания (упр. №13)

4. Научиться употреблять безличные предложения, используя лексику по теме.

5. Научиться: обсуждать и писать прогноз погоды, говорить о преимуществах и недостатках времен года.

6. Описать изображенные на фото времена года и погоду.

Самостоятельная работа

Найти текст по заданной теме на русском языке и перевести его на английский.

Занятие 2.3.2. Планирование отпуска Planning a holiday

Цели занятия:

Образовательная: расширение лингвистического кругозора через страноведческую информацию.

Развивающая: развитие речевых способностей обучаемых в процессе овладения языком. Развитие мотивации к дальнейшему овладению ИЯ.

Воспитательная: воспитание культуры общения

Практическая: развитие монологических и диалогических умений

Задания:

1. Освоить лексику по теме «Планирование отпуска»: holiday, to go/be on holiday, to travel by air(plane)/sea(ship)/land(car), on foot, travel agent, travel agency/-bureau/tourist-bureau, tourist information centre, travel/holiday brochure, accommodation (hotel, hostel,apartment/block complex), resort, charter flight, to depart, luggage, to book ticket, destination

2. Прослушать диалог и выполнить задания (упр.№1,3)

3. Прослушать диалог и выполнить задания (упр. №2)

4. Выполнить упражнения №4-11

5. Научиться: описывать этапы подготовки к отпуску; брать интервью у менеджера фирмы; заполнять бланк-заявку в бюро путешествий.

6. Написать эссе на тему «Что самое важное при планировании отпуска?»

Самостоятельная работа

Найти в Интернете образец бланка-заявки для туристов и заполнить её на английском языке.

Занятие 2.3.3. Виды отпуска и путешествий Types of holiday and travelling

Цели занятия

Образовательная: расширение лингвистического кругозора через страноведческую информацию

Развивающая: развитие речевых способностей обучаемых в процессе овладения языком. Развитие мотивации к дальнейшему овладению ИЯ

Воспитательная: воспитание культуры общения. Воспитание потребности в практическом использовании языка.

Практическая: развитие монологических и диалогических умений

Задания:

1. Освоить лексику по теме «Виды отпуска и путешествий»:

tour, to go on/make a tour of, voyage, to go on a voyage, cruise, journey, trip, excursion, to go on/make an excursion, to go sightseeing, campsite, to get on/off a plane(train, bus),coast, bank, shore, seaside, to take good care of visitors

2. Прочитать текст (упр. №3) и ответить вопросы по тексту.

3. Рассказать о преимуществах и недостатках различных видов путешествий (см. упр. № 7,9).

4. Научиться переводить информацию о путешествиях для туристов на русский язык.

5. Написать сочинение-рассуждение о путешествии Вашей мечты.

6. Написать другу/друзьям и родственникам сообщения в электронном виде /на почтовых открытках о своём путешествии.

Самостоятельная работа

Найти в Интернете информацию о путешествиях для туристов и перевести ее на русский.

 

Дидактический материал к занятиям 2.3.1, 2.3.2, 2.3.3

Lesson 2.3.1. Seasons and weather

Lead-in

1. What is your favourite season and why? What do you enjoy doing most at this time of the year?

2. The English spend so much time discussing the weather. Why?

Reading

Ex 1. a) Read the text and explain the words in bold as in example.

e.g. Weather is the condition of the atmosphere at a certain time or over a certain short period.

The weather

The English are famous for their tea and their weather. And the English are always talking about their weather. But English weather is never the same two days running. So everyone notices it. " Awful day, isn't it?" "Lovely weather for ducks". "Did you have good weather?" "What was the weather like?" "Nice day". "Fine day today". "A beautiful day, isn't if?" "Isn't the weather awful?" "It's pouring outside".

The best time of the year in England is spring and early summer. Then the cold winds and the fog and the heavy rains have all gone, and the sun is warm for the first time. Of course it rains sometimes then too, and it is oftencloudy, but not so often as in winter. It rains quite often all the year round in England. That's why it is such a green country, with long rich grass for the cattle and sheep, and beautiful lawns in the gardens.

Autumn is sometimes a time of very good weather, with clear blue skies and the sun shining every day. But spring is better because after spring comes summer, the short English summer, when people go to the seaside, to the coast, to bathe in the sea and dig in the sand. But in autumn, even when the sun shines, there is winter to follow.

Sometimes England has nosnow at all in winter, but the North and Scotland have some after Christmas. If there is a long frost and the ice is hard enough, then everyone who has skates gets them out and skates on the rivers and pools. The east wind is cold and blows in from the North Sea. Then all England shivers especially in the east. The Welsh are lucky, because Wales is in the west and is warmer than most of England.

England is a difficult country for people who work out of doors people like milkmen, people like farmers, and postmen and policemen. In the morning it can be cold, in the afternoon warm and in the evening raining. One day it rains, the next day it may be sunny and the next it can be cold again.

But foggy weather is the very worst. The thick white fog rolls in from the sea all over London and the cities, and then mixes with pollution that is caused by industry. The fog gets thicker, dirtier, and yellower. In London this is called smog a mixture between smog and fog. Then it is dark in the middle of the day and people cannot see their way, buses and cars crawl along slowly with their lights on, blowing their horns, and everyone coughs.

Everyone in England hates to wake up in the morning and see the yellow fog through the window. They get up, eat their breakfast and put on their coats and scarves and gloves and hats.

" Terrible weather!" say twenty million Englishmen, as they go to work that morning.

b) Read the text again and answer the questions.

• What are the English famous for? 2.Why are the English always talking about the weather? 3. What is the best time of the year in England? 4.Why? Why is England such a green country? 5. What is the autumn like in England? 6. How do the English spend their short English summer? 7. What is the winter like in England? 8. What is the warmest place in England? Why? 9. Why is England a difficult country for people who work out of doors? 10. What weather is the worst in England? Why? 11. What is the difference between “climate” and “weather”?

Vocabulary Commentary

Climate is the average weather conditions of a place; it is made up of the average summer and winter temperature, the amount ofsunshine, the direction of the winds, the average rainfall.

Climate can be cold, dry, wet, mild, tropical, subtropical, continental.

Weather is the condition of the atmosphere at a certain time orover a certain short period. Weather is connected with atmospheric pressure, temperature, rainfall, cloudness and wind.

Weather can be good, bad, fine, excellent, beautiful, rainy, snowy, stormy, dry, hot, cold, cool, warm, pleasant.

Weather (n., unc)

Why do people speak so much about the weather?

The weather was fine and we decided to have a walk.

What is the weather like today?

What will the weather be like tomorrow?

Weather conditions

Look at this list of common weather words. Notice that it is verycommon to form adjectives by adding “-y”.

Noun Adjective Noun Adjective

sun sunny wind windy

cloud cloudy ice icy

fog foggy shower showery

heat hot humidity humid

Cold weather

Chilly (cold but not very), frosts (thin white coat of ice on everything), sleet (rain and snow mixed), slush (dirty, brownish, half-water), blizzards (snow blown by high winds), snowdrifts (deep banks of snow against walls, etc), thaw (change from hard, frozen state to normal), to melt (change from solid to liquid under heat).

e.g. In the north, the chilly days of autumn soon change to the cold days of winter. The first frosts arrive and the roads become icy. Rain become sleet end then snow, at first turning to slush in the streets but soon settling, with severe blizzards and snowdrifts in the far north. Freezing weather often continues inthe far north until May or the ice melts again.

Warm/ hot weather

Close /klovs/ (warm anduncomfortable), stifling (hot, uncomfortable, you can hardly breathe), humid (hot and damp, makes you sweat a lot), boiling (very hot, often used in negative contexts), scorching (very hot, often used in positive contexts), mild (warm at a time when it is normally cold).

Note also: We had a heatwave last month (very hot dry period)

Wet weather

This wet weather scale gets stronger from left to right.

damp drizzle pour down/downpour torrential rain flood

Autumn in London is usually chilly and damp with rain and drizzle.

It was absolutely pouring down or there was a real downpour or it was pouring with rain. This phrase is much more common than “it’s raining cats and dogs”.

In the Tropics there is usually torrential rain most days, and the roads often get flooded or there are floods on the roads.This rain won't last long; it's only a shower (short duration).The storm damaged several houses (high winds and rain together).

Thunderstorms

A spell (=period) of very hot weather often ends with a thunderstorm. First it becomes very humid (= hot aid wet), then you get thunder and lightning, and finally, very heavy rain (=itpours with rain). Afterwards, it is usually cooler and it feels fresher.

e.g. The storm damaged several houses (high winds and rain together).

We got very wet in the thunderstorm (thunder and heavy rain).

Lightning. The flashes it lightning were seen in the horizon.

Hailstones were battering the roof of our car (small balls of ice falling from the sky). Hail (uncountable). The sky is a bit overcast (very cloudy). I think it’s going to rain.

Mist and Fog

Haze (light mist, usually caused by heat), mist (light fog, often on the sea, or caused by drizzle), fog (quite thick, associated with cold weather), smog (mixture of fog and pollution: smoke+fog)

Wind

A breeze awind a strong winda gale a hurricane

The first word here is very gentle; the last is more than 100km per hour and can be very dangerous. It was a hot day but there was a lovely breeze.

The windblew my hat off.

There's been a gale morning; it would be crazy to go sailing

The hurricane in Florida destroyed trees and buildings.

The South wind brings wet weather.

The North wind is wet and cold together.

The West wind always brings us rain.

The East wind blows it back again.

Language Development

Ex 2. Match the numbers to the letters.

1. thunder; a stones

2. torrential; b drift

3. down; c storm

4. heat; d warning

5. hail; e rain

6. snow; f wave

7. Gale g pour

Ex 3. Find in the text English equivalents for the following Russian words and phrases.

пора хорошей погоды; славиться чем-либо; ехать на взморье; дрожать от холода; красивые газоны, ясное голубое небо; два дня подряд; идет дождь круглый год; короткое английское лето; плотный белый туман; в середине дня; какой ужасный день!; в Уэльсе теплее, чем где-либо в Англии; с зажженными фарами.

Ex 4. True or false? If a sentence is false, write a true sentence about the weather conditions in the sentence.

• It often pours with rain in the desert. 2. It gets quite chilly in the desert in the evening. 3. Thunder makes a noise. 4. Lightning can kill people. 5. A shower is a gentle breeze. 6. Aspell of hot weather may end in a thunderstorm. 7. If it is humid, the air will be very dry. 8. Below zero, water turns to ice. 9. Heavy rain means that it is pouring with rain. 10. When it's foggy you need sunglasses.

Ex 5. Complete the text with suitable words.

The single greatest influence on Japanese weather is the wind. During the summer it (1)............from the Pacific, causing (2)............and humid weather, but inwinter the north-westerly (3)............from Siberia are very cold and it (4)............heavily on the mountains of the north west. The south-eastern parts receive cold dry air. Between June and mid July, there is (5)........... of wet weather when the rice fields get the water vital for growth. After that, there is less (6)............rain, but the air is still (7)............. Autumn, however, is drier, and usually very pleasant.

(heavy, snows, hot, humid, blows, spell, winds)

Ex 6. What types of weather are bad and good for doing these things?

e.g.: Skiing: bad - mild weather which makes the snow melt; good - cold, clear days.

1. Planting flowers in a garden.

2. Having an evening barbecue.

3. Going out in a small sailing boat.

4. A day of sightseeing in a big city.

5. Camping out in a tent.

6. Looking at ships through binoculars.

Ex 7. Complete the dialogues.

• A- Oh, goodness gracious! Now, do look up at the sky. I’ve never seen such black clouds. Oh, we'll get drenched!

B- …………………..

• A- What does it look like outdoors?

B- …………………..

• A- The sun is trying to get out. Shall we go to the suburbs?

B- …………………..

• A- The first snowfall of the season! What a beautiful sight! I’mgoing out. Are you?

B- …………………..

• A-I should like to go to Sochi, but I'm afraid of the heat. How about you?

B- …………………..

• A- What's the matter? You're shivering all over! And you clothes are soaking wet.

B- …………………..

• A- Has it stopped raining?

B- No,not yet. Why?

• …………………..

• А-How do you like it here?

B- London's a wonderful city, but your weather’s terrible!

• …………………..

• A- …………………..

B- The weather forecasts promised a dry, sunny day.

• A- I must be going now. I wouldn't like to get wet through.

B- …………………..

Ex 8. Answer the following questions using the Vocabulary Commentary.

1.In which months is the weather fine in your area? 2.Are you always pleased to have dry weather? When are we not pleased to have it? 3. Would it be wise to go for an outing in wet weather? 4. Is it usual to have occasional rain in September in your region? What about February? 5. Does it clear up quickly alter rain? Is this a feature of any particular season? 6. Where do you get the weather forecasts from? Do you rely on what they say? 7. Would you take a raincoat with you if the forecast said occasional rain? 8. What do you usually do if you are wet through? 9. Which do you like better: when it's cold or hot? 10. What weather do you like best of all? 11. What is the weather like today? 12. What would you like to do on a nasty rainy day? 13. Why is the weather so important if you want to go to the country? 14. What part does the weather play in your plans tor a holiday? 15. Which season is the best in your native town in your opinion? 16. Why do most people prefer summer to any other season of the year? 17. Why do many Englishmen go abroad for their holidays (especially to France, Spain, Greece, Portugal)? 18. Which climate would you like to live in? Why? 19. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each season of the year?

Speaking

Ex 9. Study the following texts and say what in your opinion the advantages and disadvantages of each season are. The phrases given below will help you to express an opinion of your own or ask for somebody else's opinion.

Asking for an opinion

Well? What do you think? Do/Don’t you agree? What’s your view?How do you see it? Let’s have your opinion.What’s your opinion of …?

Expressing your own opinion

I think that; In my opinion; In my view; I feel that; As I see it; My view is that; To my mind

Text A.

In my opinion the pleasantest season is spring. In May the weather is fine and all nature is lovely. The trees put forth little buds and new leaves; the meadrws grow green again; the flowers begin to bloom. The collective farmers till the soil and sow the seed. The nightingale, swallow, cuckoo and other birds come back from Italy or Africa and build their nests all the while singing their merry songs. Meanwhile the new crop is shooting up, and if there are no sharp frosts during the night, nature looks full of promise, and the corn-fields are make bright by blue cornflowers and red poppies.

Spring flowers! The lilacs unfold their pale hearts. There shines the wild daffodil-soft, slim, yellow; there is the starry narcissus, the hyacinth almost lost in the herbs; among them stand tulips-the red bubbles of dark wine; the yellow, more cup-like, the large parli-coloured gold and red; noble and sombre.

Text B.

I, for one, like (the) summer, in fact, I prefer it to any other season. By the end of June, when the days become considerably warmer, summer has come. If the heat gets too oppressive, we can go and bathe in running water. And many people enjoy a game of tennis in summer. In the summer the hot sun ripens the corn and fruit, and the farmer gets ready for the harvest. There are plenty of strawberries, apricots, peaches, plums and blackberries, which are ripe and afford a treat for the old and the young. And what pleasure can compare with that of watching the glorious sunrise and sunset! Clouds? Rain? Well, well, it isn't always cloudy and there is no such thing as perpetual rain.

Text C.

Strange as it might seem, I like (the) autumn. There are some draw backs, I admit,- the shorter days and longer nights for instance. The weather also leaves much to be desired. But is there anything more beautiful than an Indian summer - when we have one! We miss the songs of the birds, you say. Well, I can and do enjoy the sparrow, bluebird, crossbill and the few others than remain with us. Oh, I know what you want to say. The November fogs, and mist, and sleet are not pleasant things. But what should we do without apples, pears, walnuts, grapes, which get ripe in September and October and may be picked. I, for one, could not get along without fruit or nuts, and for the sake of these I'm willing to put up with same discomforts.

Text D.

When autumn is over and winter sets in, I don't mind it at all. I know it is the season of snowstorms, and of ice, of frozen rivers and ponds, and of slippery streets. But think of skating onthe ice, or skiing in the country, and the sledging. In snowy weather, tobogganing is my favourate pastime. Then I think of the joy of the children. At the first heavy snowfall, they are out making snowmen, building snowhuts, and pelting one another with snowballs: Of course, if the winter is severe, one must take care not to get frostbitten. To me, winter has its own peculiar interest and beauty, and there is no reason to feel bored to death when there are interesting books, theatres and concerts, and the cinema.